{"id":479552,"date":"2023-08-09T10:41:56","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:41:56","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:19:05","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:19:05","slug":"vlsm","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/vlsm\/","title":{"rendered":"VLSM"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 m\u1ea1ng con c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i thay \u0111\u1ed5i (VLSM) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng chia kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng con c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau, gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng con c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, VLSM mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a VLSM v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m VLSM l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Giao th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 2 (RIPv2) v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t minh ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 VLSM: M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 VLSM<\/h2>\n<p>VLSM \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng con c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t k\u00edch c\u1ee1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, VLSM gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a VLSM:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 linh ho\u1ea1t<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1edbp k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1ng con v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a VLSM:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u VLSM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a VLSM: VLSM ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>VLSM cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng con kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 m\u1ea1ng con kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 OSPF, EIGRP ho\u1eb7c RIPv2.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng con d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 m\u1ea1ng con<\/strong>: C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 m\u1ea1ng con kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed7i m\u1ea1ng con, cho ph\u00e9p k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh<\/strong>: B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 m\u1ea1ng con th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a VLSM<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: M\u1ea1ng con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong>: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i VLSM: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u201clo\u1ea1i\u201d VLSM c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea3ng: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng VLSM trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>D\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/th>\n<th>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VLSM<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ea1ng con t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ISP<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 IP hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong quy ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VLSM, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>VLSM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh<br \/>\n<strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong>: L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u0169 h\u01a1n<br \/>\n<strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<th>VLSM<\/th>\n<th>M\u1ea1ng con c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/td>\n<td>L\u00e3ng ph\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/td>\n<td>Trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn cao<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn VLSM<\/h2>\n<p>Khi m\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nhu c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u01a1n n\u1eefa VLSM, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi IPv6 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi VLSM<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 do OneProxy cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng VLSM \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai proxy li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Cisco \u2013 T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u VLSM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ietf.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">IETF \u2013 VLSM trong OSPF<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variable-length_subnet_mask\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Wikipedia - M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 m\u1ea1ng con c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">OneProxy \u2013 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p proxy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 VLSM n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 OneProxy, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng VLSM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":479553,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-479552","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Variable-Length Subnet Masking (VLSM)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Variable-Length Subnet Masking (VLSM)?","answer":"<p>Variable-Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) is a method that allows network administrators to divide an IP address space into subnets of different sizes. Unlike fixed subnetting, VLSM offers a more flexible and optimized allocation of IP address space.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did VLSM originate, and when was it first mentioned?","answer":"<p>VLSM was first introduced in the early 1990s with the development of the Routing Information Protocol version 2 (RIPv2) and the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol. It was created to allow for more efficient management of IP address space.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the advantages and disadvantages of VLSM?","answer":"<p>Advantages of VLSM include flexible address planning, efficient use of IP address space, and the ability to match subnet sizes to network requirements. Disadvantages include complexity in planning and management, and the need for routers capable of understanding VLSM.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does VLSM work?","answer":"<p>VLSM allows different subnets to use different subnet masks within the same network. It starts with address allocation, followed by subnet masking using different masks for each subnet, and then routing, where routers use the appropriate subnet masks to determine the best path for data.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of VLSM?","answer":"<p>Key features of VLSM include flexible allocation of IP addresses, improved utilization of address space, and compatibility with classless routing protocols such as OSPF, EIGRP, or RIPv2.<\/p>"},{"question":"Are there different types of VLSM?","answer":"<p>While there are no specific \"types\" of VLSM, its application can be categorized based on different network scenarios like Enterprise, ISP, and Data Centers.<\/p>"},{"question":"What problems may arise with VLSM, and how can they be solved?","answer":"<p>Potential problems with VLSM include complexity in configuration and incompatibility with older routing protocols. These can be solved with proper planning, documentation, and using classless routing protocols.<\/p>"},{"question":"What future technologies and perspectives are related to VLSM?","answer":"<p>Future technologies may further optimize VLSM, integrating with IPv6 and enhancing compatibility with emerging networking technologies, to meet the growing need for efficient IP address management.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers like OneProxy associated with VLSM?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers provided by OneProxy can be configured with VLSM to efficiently manage IP address space, ensuring a seamless and scalable deployment of proxies that match the precise requirements of different network segments.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about VLSM?","answer":"<p>You can find more information about VLSM through resources like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/\" target=\"_new\">Cisco - Understanding VLSM<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ietf.org\/\" target=\"_new\">IETF - VLSM in OSPF<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variable-length_subnet_mask\" target=\"_new\">Wikipedia - Variable-Length Subnet Mask<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\" target=\"_new\">OneProxy - Efficient Proxy Solutions<\/a>.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479552","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479552\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/479553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}