{"id":479307,"date":"2023-08-09T10:33:53","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:33:53","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:18:33","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:18:33","slug":"thrashing","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/thrashing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L\u1ed7i gi\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ch\u00ednh (RAM) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Thrashing v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m thrashing l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u1ea3o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Manchester, bao g\u1ed3m RS Cahn v\u00e0 DJ Farber, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u1ea3o. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh h\u1eefu \u00edch. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eadp\u201d do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Thrashing: M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra khi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ra kh\u1ecfi RAM qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng I\/O c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Khi x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eadp, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 CPU b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb thay v\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1eefu \u00edch. V\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a Thrashing: C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Thrashing<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1eadp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra do c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i trang cao<\/strong>: L\u1ed7i trang x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang (m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh) hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i trong RAM. Khi nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u trang h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i trang.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf trang<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n thay th\u1ebf trang kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Least Near used (LRU) ho\u1eb7c Not Near Added (NRU). Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eadp, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n n\u00e0y g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/strong>: T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con c\u00e1c trang m\u00e0 n\u00f3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eadp, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng, g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i trang qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Thrashing<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eadp bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng I\/O \u0111\u0129a cao<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng I\/O c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa RAM v\u00e0 \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i<\/strong>: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i do d\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u00e9m<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a CPU b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i thay v\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1eadp<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Ki\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<td>X\u1ea3y ra khi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u trang h\u01a1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e1t sinh khi m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5, g\u00e2y ra tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Thrashing, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1eadp n\u00e1t l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0o v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd do. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i<\/strong>: Ch\u1ea1y qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng treo m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n trang kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf trang kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ecfng trang tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>R\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb<\/strong>: C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u01a1n, g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng treo theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eadp, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong>: T\u0103ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u trao \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n trang t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf trang hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u01afu ti\u00ean quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>B\u1ebf t\u1eafc<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0110\u00f3i<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/td>\n<td>Trao \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa RAM v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a<\/td>\n<td>Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u00e2y ra<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7<\/td>\n<td>Xung \u0111\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<td>Suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft<\/td>\n<td>Th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u RAM h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Thrashing<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp ph\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eadt. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn (SSD) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng va ch\u1ea1m \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi Thrashing<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u01b0u v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 Thrashing, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/understanding-thrashing-in-operating-systems\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eadp trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.computerhope.com\/jargon\/t\/thrashing.htm\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/docs\/en\/zos\/2.4.0?topic=management-memory-thrash\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/virtual-memory\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u1ea3o trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":479308,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-479307","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Thrashing: An Encyclopedia Article<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"<strong>What is thrashing, and how does it affect computer systems?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Thrashing is a performance issue in computer systems where the system spends an excessive amount of time swapping data between RAM and disk due to limited physical memory. This constant swapping leads to a severe decrease in overall system performance, making the system sluggish and unresponsive. Thrashing can even lead to system freezes or crashes if not addressed promptly.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How did the concept of thrashing originate?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>The concept of thrashing was first introduced in the early 1970s when virtual memory systems were gaining popularity. Researchers at the University of Manchester, including R. S. Cahn and D. J. Farber, noticed that in some cases, systems spent more time swapping data than executing useful instructions. This wasteful behavior led to the coining of the term \"thrashing.\"<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What factors contribute to thrashing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Thrashing is caused by a combination of factors, including:<\/p><ol><li><p><strong>High Page Fault Rate<\/strong>: When multiple processes demand more pages than the available physical memory, the system experiences frequent page faults.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Inefficient Page Replacement Policies<\/strong>: The choice of page replacement algorithms, such as LRU or NRU, can impact how efficiently the system manages memory during thrashing.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Working Set Size<\/strong>: A process's working set may exceed the available physical memory during thrashing, leading to excessive page faults.<\/p><\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"<strong>How can thrashing be resolved or mitigated?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>To tackle thrashing, consider the following solutions:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>Increase Physical Memory<\/strong>: Adding more RAM can reduce swapping and improve overall system performance.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Optimize Paging Algorithms<\/strong>: Implement efficient page replacement policies to make better memory management decisions.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Process Prioritization<\/strong>: Prioritize critical processes to ensure they have sufficient memory and reduce the risk of thrashing.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the main types of thrashing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Thrashing can be categorized into two main types:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>Demand-Based Thrashing<\/strong>: Occurs when multiple processes simultaneously request more pages than the available memory.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Resource-Based Thrashing<\/strong>: Arises when a process consumes more resources than the system can allocate, causing contention.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"<strong>How can proxy servers help in dealing with thrashing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can play a role in mitigating thrashing, especially in scenarios where network traffic contributes to memory load. By caching frequently accessed data and web resources, proxy servers can reduce the number of requests sent to the main server, potentially easing memory pressure. However, proxy servers are not a comprehensive solution to underlying memory management issues.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How can I learn more about thrashing and its impact?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>To delve deeper into thrashing and its implications, consider checking out the following resources:<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/understanding-thrashing-in-operating-systems\/\" target=\"_new\">Understanding Thrashing in Operating Systems<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.computerhope.com\/jargon\/t\/thrashing.htm\" target=\"_new\">The Impact of Thrashing on System Performance<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/docs\/en\/zos\/2.4.0?topic=management-memory-thrash\" target=\"_new\">Improving Memory Management Techniques<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/virtual-memory\/\" target=\"_new\">The Role of Virtual Memory in Thrashing<\/a><\/li><\/ol>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479307","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479307\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/479308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479307"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}