{"id":479274,"date":"2023-08-09T10:32:55","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:32:55","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:18:30","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:18:30","slug":"template-injection","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/template-injection\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eam m\u1eabu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng an ninh m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu, cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eam m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t m\u1eabu. Khi b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3, leo thang \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n, v.v.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch l\u1edbp tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u1ecfi logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ti\u00eam m\u1eabu l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000 khi h\u1ecd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda n\u00e0y trong nhi\u1ec1u khung web kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 Ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n<p>Ti\u00eam m\u1eabu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eam m\u00e3 nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. Khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cung c\u1ea5p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng thao t\u00fang c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang v\u00e0o m\u1eabu, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 do x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang n\u1ed9i dung do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eam m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0o. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e8n M\u1eabu. C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00e8n M\u1eabu<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu khai th\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00fa ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng n\u1ed9i dung do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ti\u00eam m\u00e3 m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: c\u00fa ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 \u201c{{variable}}\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu n\u1ebfu \u201cbi\u1ebfn\u201d b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1edfi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 \u201c{{user_input}}\u201d v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/strong>: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. N\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u00eda m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 t\u00f9y \u00fd tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>L\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 cho k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>N\u1ed9i suy chu\u1ed7i<\/td>\n<td>Trong lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i suy tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1eabu m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00e3<\/td>\n<td>K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 trong m\u1eabu, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L\u1ec7nh ti\u00eam<\/td>\n<td>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Thao t\u00e1c m\u1eabu<\/td>\n<td>Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00e8n M\u1eabu, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00e8n M\u1eabu:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m x\u1ea5u m\u1eb7t trang web b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eam n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>L\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 t\u1eeb xa<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eam m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 t\u1eeb xa, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7<\/strong>: X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam m\u1eabu. Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu an to\u00e0n<\/strong>: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Tho\u00e1t theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u1ed9i dung do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung (CSP)<\/strong>: Tri\u1ec3n khai CSP \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c thi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<h3>Ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu so v\u1edbi T\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh ch\u00e9o trang (XSS):<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<th>Ti\u00eam m\u1eabu<\/th>\n<th>T\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh ch\u00e9o trang (XSS)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng web ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/td>\n<td>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng web ph\u00eda m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec3m ti\u00eam<\/td>\n<td>M\u1eabu<\/td>\n<td>Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu, tham s\u1ed1 URL, v.v.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 ph\u00eda m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m<\/td>\n<td>X\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3.<\/td>\n<td>Tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp cookie, chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n phi\u00ean, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y giao di\u1ec7n, v.v.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<td>Trung b\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu xoay quanh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro khi ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e3 t\u0129nh<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e3 t\u0129nh v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1eabu m\u00e3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/strong>: C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y (RASP)<\/strong>: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p RASP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n M\u1eabu<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn, cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ti\u00eam m\u1eabu ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Tri\u1ec3n khai Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung (CSP)<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc CSP \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ti\u00eam m\u1eabu ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>L\u1ecdc l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eam m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/owasp.org\/www-community\/attacks\/Server_Side_Template_Injection\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">OWASP: Ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/web-security\/template-injection\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ch\u00e8n m\u1eabu v\u00e0o H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt web PortSwigger<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/Security\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web MDN: B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt web<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":479275,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-479274","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Template Injection: An In-Depth Analysis<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Template injection?","answer":"<p>Template injection is a cybersecurity vulnerability that occurs when user input is not properly validated and is directly embedded into templates of web applications. This allows attackers to inject malicious code into the template rendering process, leading to various attacks like data exfiltration, code execution, and privilege escalation.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did Template injection originate?","answer":"<p>Template injection vulnerabilities have been around since the early days of web application development when templating engines became popular. Security researchers first mentioned the concept of template injection in the mid-2000s when identifying this threat in various web frameworks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Template injection work?","answer":"<p>Template injection attacks exploit the mechanics of the templating engine used by the web application. Attackers manipulate user-supplied input within variables, enabling them to inject their own template code, which is then executed by the server-side templating engine.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Template injection?","answer":"<p>Key features of template injection include context escaping, server-side impact, code execution, and data exfiltration. Successful template injection allows attackers to break out of contexts and execute arbitrary code on the server.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Template injection exist?","answer":"<p>There are several types of template injection, including string interpolation, code evaluation, command injection, and template manipulation. Each type varies based on the templating engine and the context in which it occurs.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can Template injection be used, and what are the associated problems and solutions?","answer":"<p>Template injection can be exploited for defacement, data exfiltration, and remote code execution. Problems arise due to insufficient input validation and insecure templating engine configurations. Solutions include proper input validation, secure templating engine settings, contextual escaping, and Content Security Policies (CSP).<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Template injection compare to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)?","answer":"<p>Template injection and Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) differ in their attack targets, injection points, vulnerability types, and impacts. Template injection affects server-side applications, while XSS targets client-side applications.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives and technologies related to Template injection?","answer":"<p>The future of template injection involves improved security automation, static code analysis, machine learning for input validation, and Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) solutions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers be associated with Template injection?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers indirectly impact template injection by logging and inspecting traffic, implementing Content Security Policies (CSP), and filtering incoming traffic for potential attacks.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about Template injection and web application security?","answer":"<p>For more details about Template injection and web application security, consider exploring the resources provided below:<\/p><ul><li>OWASP: Server-Side Template Injection (<a href=\"https:\/\/owasp.org\/www-community\/attacks\/Server_Side_Template_Injection\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/owasp.org\/www-community\/attacks\/Server_Side_Template_Injection<\/a>)<\/li><li>Template Injection on PortSwigger Web Security Academy (<a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/web-security\/template-injection\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/portswigger.net\/web-security\/template-injection<\/a>)<\/li><li>MDN Web Docs: Web Security (<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/Security\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/Security<\/a>)<\/li><\/ul>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479274\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/479275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}