{"id":479259,"date":"2023-08-09T10:32:55","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:32:55","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:18:29","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:18:29","slug":"tcp-handshake","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/tcp-handshake\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1eaft tay TCP"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1eaft tay TCP (Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qua m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng TCP nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chi ti\u1ebft, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1eaft tay TCP. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 b\u1eaft tay TCP.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1eaft tay TCP<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1eaft tay TCP l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Vint Cerf v\u00e0 Bob Kahn. Giao th\u1ee9c TCP, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Giao th\u1ee9c Internet (IP), \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Internet hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaft tay TCP \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eaft tay TCP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t (RFC) 793, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1981. RFC 793, c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cGiao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1eaft tay ba chi\u1ec1u, l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a TCP. b\u1eaft tay. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, b\u1eaft tay TCP \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a giao ti\u1ebfp internet.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1eaft tay TCP<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1eaft tay TCP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m ba b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ba b\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eaft tay TCP l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2013 SYN<\/strong>: M\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch g\u1eedi g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a (SYN) \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. G\u00f3i n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2013 \u0110\u1ed2NG B\u1ed8 H\u00d3A<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i SYN, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3i SYN-ACK. G\u00f3i SYN-ACK x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn g\u00f3i SYN v\u00e0 c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u1edf ph\u00eda cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 ACK<\/strong>: \u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch g\u1eedi g\u00f3i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn (ACK) \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn g\u00f3i SYN-ACK c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay TCP v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a b\u1eaft tay TCP<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1eaft tay TCP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf L\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang duy tr\u00ec vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay TCP, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2013 SYN<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1edd: C\u1edd SYN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh 1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1edd kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh 0.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chu\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2013 \u0110\u1ed2NG B\u1ed8 H\u00d3A<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng m\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u1eafng nghe.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf B\u01b0\u1edbc 1.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1edd: C\u1edd SYN v\u00e0 ACK \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh 1, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn SYN c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ed1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn: S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam 1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 ACK<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf B\u01b0\u1edbc 1.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng m\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u1eafng nghe.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1edd: Ch\u1ec9 c\u1edd ACK \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh 1, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn SYN-ACK c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1: S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam 1.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ed1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn: S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u0103ng th\u00eam 1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1eaft tay TCP<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1eaft tay TCP cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong>: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a<\/strong>: C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c g\u00f3i SYN v\u00e0 SYN-ACK, TCP \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 ng\u0103n n\u1eafp<\/strong>: S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 g\u1eedi theo \u0111\u00fang th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u b\u1eaft tay TCP<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1eaft tay TCP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: b\u1eaft tay ba b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1eaft tay b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u. H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>B\u1eaft tay ba chi\u1ec1u<\/th>\n<th>B\u1eaft tay b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2013 SYN<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2013 CU\u1ed0I<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2013 \u0110\u1ed2NG B\u1ed8 H\u00d3A<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2013 ACK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 ACK<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 CU\u1ed0I C\u00d9NG<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4 \u2013 ACK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i bao g\u1ed3m ba b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eaft tay TCP, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1eaft tay TCP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m duy\u1ec7t web, li\u00ean l\u1ea1c qua email, truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p, v.v. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u0169 l\u1ee5t SYN<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn g\u00f3i SYN, l\u00e0m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p bao g\u1ed3m cookie SYN v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i ACK ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i SYN-ACK c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi g\u00f3i RST c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra do c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh b\u1eaft tay TCP v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0 b\u1eaft tay UDP (Giao th\u1ee9c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng) v\u00e0 b\u1eaft tay SSL\/TLS, trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>B\u1eaft tay TCP<\/th>\n<th>B\u1eaft tay UDP<\/th>\n<th>B\u1eaft tay SSL\/TLS<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1eaft tay ba chi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u.<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft tay; datagram \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/td>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/td>\n<td>Nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/td>\n<td>Truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n qua m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, b\u1eaft tay TCP c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhanh h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Internet ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 b\u1eaft tay TCP<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi b\u1eaft tay TCP theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TCP, t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i<\/strong>: Proxy ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay cho m\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>: Proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c b\u1eaft tay TCP \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u1eaft tay TCP, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc793\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 793: Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transmission_Control_Protocol#Connection_establishment\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">B\u1eaft tay ba chi\u1ec1u TCP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/TCP-Illustrated-Protocols-Addison-Wesley-Professional\/dp\/0321336313\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Minh h\u1ecda TCP\/IP, T\u1eadp 1: C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, b\u1eaft tay TCP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady qua internet. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng internet. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay TCP, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":479260,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-479259","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>TCP Handshake: A Comprehensive Guide<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is TCP handshake, and why is it important?","answer":"<p>TCP handshake is a three-step process that establishes a reliable and secure connection between devices over a network. It ensures synchronized data transmission and orderly communication, making it a fundamental part of internet communication.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did the TCP handshake originate, and where was it first mentioned?","answer":"<p>The concept of TCP handshake was introduced during the development of the Transmission Control Protocol in the early 1970s by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn. The first mention of TCP handshake can be found in the Request for Comments (RFC) 793, published in September 1981.<\/p>"},{"question":"Can you explain the internal structure of the TCP handshake?","answer":"<p>Certainly! The TCP handshake operates at the Transport Layer of the OSI model and involves three steps:<\/p><ol><li>The client sends a SYN packet to the server to initiate the connection.<\/li><li>The server responds with a SYN-ACK packet, acknowledging the SYN and providing its own sequence number.<\/li><li>The client sends an ACK packet, confirming the receipt of the server's SYN-ACK. This completes the handshake, and the connection is established.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"What are the key features of TCP handshake?","answer":"<p>The TCP handshake offers several important features:<\/p><ul><li>Connection Establishment: It allows devices to establish a connection before data transmission.<\/li><li>Synchronization: Devices agree on sequence numbers for data synchronization.<\/li><li>Reliability: Acknowledgments ensure reliable communication.<\/li><li>Orderliness: Sequence numbers maintain data order.<\/li><li>Flow Control: Window size negotiation enables flow control.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"Are there different types of TCP handshake?","answer":"<p>Yes, there are two types: the three-way handshake and the four-way handshake. The three-way handshake is used for connection establishment, while the four-way handshake is used for connection termination.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is the TCP handshake used, and what problems may arise?","answer":"<p>The TCP handshake is crucial for various applications like web browsing, email, and file transfer. Some problems include SYN flood attacks and connection timeouts, but solutions like SYN cookies and retransmission exist to counter these issues.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does the TCP handshake compare to UDP and SSL\/TLS handshakes?","answer":"<p>TCP handshake is connection-oriented, while UDP is connectionless. SSL\/TLS handshake involves multiple steps for key exchange and security, while TCP handshake ensures ordered data transmission.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the perspectives and future technologies related to TCP handshake?","answer":"<p>As technology evolves, TCP handshake may see further optimization for faster connection establishment, enhanced security measures, and improved scalability for growing internet usage.<\/p>"},{"question":"How do proxy servers relate to TCP handshake?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can enhance TCP handshake by caching connections, load balancing, and providing additional security measures to protect the communication between clients and servers.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479259\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/479260"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}