{"id":479142,"date":"2023-08-09T10:31:59","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:31:59","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:18:14","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:18:14","slug":"static-nat","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/static-nat\/","title":{"rendered":"NAT t\u0129nh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>NAT t\u0129nh (D\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang trong M\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN). Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Internet, b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a NAT t\u0129nh l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a NAT t\u0129nh<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m D\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 khi Internet ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 khan hi\u1ebfm n\u00e0y, NAT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. NAT t\u0129nh, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a NAT, n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 NAT t\u0129nh<\/h2>\n<p>NAT t\u0129nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang. Khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean trong b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n NAT s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, cho ph\u00e9p x\u1ea3y ra giao ti\u1ebfp hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p>NAT t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn, d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong m\u1ea1ng LAN, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef web, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email ho\u1eb7c VPN.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a NAT t\u0129nh: NAT t\u0129nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a NAT t\u0129nh, h\u00e3y xem c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh: Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy t\u1eafc NAT t\u0129nh tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn bi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111i: Khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean trong mu\u1ed1n giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp NAT t\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang trong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Giao ti\u1ebfp trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u1edd m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp NAT t\u0129nh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u00c1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t: Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 NAT \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, NAT t\u0129nh duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a NAT t\u0129nh<\/h2>\n<p>NAT t\u0129nh cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh gi\u00fap n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong>: \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea9n kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong>: NAT t\u0129nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb xa v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i NAT t\u0129nh<\/h2>\n<p>NAT t\u0129nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>NAT t\u0129nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong>: Trong lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i NAT t\u0129nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o NAT t\u0129nh<\/strong>: Ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o NAT t\u0129nh cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng duy nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng chung \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i NAT t\u0129nh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>NAT t\u0129nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a IP ri\u00eang t\u01b0 sang IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o NAT t\u0129nh<\/td>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec1u IP ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NAT t\u0129nh, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NAT t\u0129nh:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Web hosting<\/strong>: NAT t\u0129nh cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NAT t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c email \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o (VPN)<\/strong>: NAT t\u0129nh cho ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb xa an to\u00e0n v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng qua VPN, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/strong>: Khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NAT t\u0129nh ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u1ed5ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua NAT. Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/strong>: Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean NAT t\u0129nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<th>NAT t\u0129nh<\/th>\n<th>NAT \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/th>\n<th>C\u1ed5ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1nh x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec1u-nhi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/td>\n<td>C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u0129nh<\/td>\n<td>N\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi<\/td>\n<td>C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u0129nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/td>\n<td>IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\n<td>Nh\u00f3m IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\n<td>C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef web, VPN, M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<td>Truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb1ng sau b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn NAT t\u0129nh<\/h2>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng IPv6 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a IPv6 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 NAT trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng duy nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do IPv4 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean NAT t\u0129nh s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi NAT t\u0129nh<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 NAT t\u0129nh b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u1ea9n danh. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi NAT t\u0129nh, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 NAT t\u0129nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng li\u00ean quan, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.netacad.com\/courses\/packet-tracer\/introduction-to-network-address-translation\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ng Cisco \u2013 D\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.juniper.net\/documentation\/en_US\/junos\/topics\/concept\/nat-security-understanding.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Juniper Networks \u2013 T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u NAT<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1631\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">IETF RFC 1631 \u2013 Tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng IP (NAT)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipv6.com\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a IPv6<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/resources\/proxy-servers-explained\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, NAT t\u0129nh \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 IPv6 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd, NAT t\u0129nh s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":479143,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-479142","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Static NAT: A Comprehensive Guide<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"<strong>What is Static NAT?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Static NAT (Network Address Translation) is a networking technique that maps a specific private IP address to a fixed public IP address. It allows devices within a local network to communicate with external networks, such as the Internet, using the same public IP address consistently.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How did Static NAT originate?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Static NAT was developed in response to the depletion of available public IPv4 addresses in the early 1990s. It became a practical solution to conserve public IP addresses while providing a stable, one-to-one mapping between private and public IP addresses.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How does Static NAT work?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>When an internal device communicates with an external network, the router or firewall performing Static NAT replaces the device's private IP address with the pre-configured public IP address. Inbound traffic destined for the public IP address is directed to the corresponding private IP address within the LAN, enabling seamless connectivity.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the key features of Static NAT?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Static NAT offers stability through fixed mappings, enhanced security by hiding internal IP addresses, compatibility with various applications, and accessibility for external users. Its one-to-one mapping ensures reliable connections for services like web hosting, email servers, and VPNs.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What types of Static NAT exist?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>There are two main types of Static NAT:<\/p><ol><li><strong>Basic Static NAT:<\/strong> It establishes a one-to-one mapping between a single private IP address and a single public IP address.<\/li><li><strong>Overlapping Static NAT:<\/strong> This type allows multiple private IP addresses to be mapped to a single public IP address for shared external access.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"<strong>How can Static NAT be used, and what problems may arise?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Static NAT finds applications in web hosting, email servers, and VPNs, providing dedicated public IP addresses for these services. Problems may include limited public IP addresses, requiring careful port forwarding configurations, and addressing service downtime during IP address updates.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How does Static NAT compare to Dynamic NAT and Port Forwarding?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Static NAT involves one-to-one mappings, while Dynamic NAT uses many-to-many mappings and Port Forwarding relies on one-to-one mappings. Static NAT utilizes fixed and static IP addresses, whereas Dynamic NAT employs dynamic and temporary ones.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What is the future outlook for Static NAT?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>As IPv4 addresses continue to deplete, IPv6 adoption will increase. However, Static NAT will remain relevant for organizations with limited public IP resources, ensuring seamless connectivity in mixed-network environments.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How do proxy servers relate to Static NAT?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can complement Static NAT by acting as intermediaries between internal devices and external networks, providing an additional layer of security and anonymity. The combination of both enhances privacy and protects internal devices from direct external access.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>Where can I find more information about Static NAT?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>For more in-depth knowledge about Static NAT and related networking topics, you can explore the following resources:<\/p><ul><li>Cisco Networking Academy - Network Address Translation (URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.netacad.com\/courses\/packet-tracer\/introduction-to-network-address-translation\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/www.netacad.com\/courses\/packet-tracer\/introduction-to-network-address-translation<\/a>)<\/li><li>Juniper Networks - Understanding NAT (URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.juniper.net\/documentation\/en_US\/junos\/topics\/concept\/nat-security-understanding.html\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/www.juniper.net\/documentation\/en_US\/junos\/topics\/concept\/nat-security-understanding.html<\/a>)<\/li><li>IETF RFC 1631 - The IP Network Address Translator (NAT) (URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1631\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1631<\/a>)<\/li><li>IPv6 Official Website (URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipv6.com\/\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/www.ipv6.com\/<\/a>)<\/li><li>Proxy Servers Explained (URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/resources\/proxy-servers-explained\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/resources\/proxy-servers-explained<\/a>)<\/li><\/ul>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479142\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/479143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}