{"id":479015,"date":"2023-08-09T10:01:33","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:01:33","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:18:01","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:18:01","slug":"singleton-variable","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/singleton-variable\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01a1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

Bi\u1ebfn Singleton l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. M\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m truy c\u1eadp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn Singleton<\/h2>\n

M\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Singleton l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gang of Four (GoF) gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u201cM\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u201d xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1994. H\u1ecd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1eabu Singleton nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn Singleton<\/h2>\n

Bi\u1ebfn Singleton \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1edbi h\u00e0m t\u1ea1o ri\u00eang v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u0129nh tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u0129nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfp theo t\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u0129nh s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn Singleton v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn Singleton t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/p>\n

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    Nh\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> L\u1edbp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m t\u1ea1o ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u201cm\u1edbi\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u0129nh:<\/strong> L\u1edbp n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u0129nh cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn Singleton<\/h2>\n
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      \u0110i\u1ec3m truy c\u1eadp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u:<\/strong> C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn Singleton cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m truy c\u1eadp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb:<\/strong> V\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i n\u00ean n\u00f3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      An to\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> C\u00e1c m\u1eabu Singleton \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho lu\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 Singleton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c getInstance() \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01a1n<\/h2>\n

      C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i tri\u1ec3n khai bi\u1ebfn Singleton ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

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        Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c:<\/strong> Theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y, c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i l\u1edbp, ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng:<\/strong> \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c getInstance() y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho lu\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh hai lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        <\/th>\nH\u00e1o h\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o<\/th>\nKh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td>\n- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an toàn cho s\u1ee3i<br>- Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/td>\n– Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb b\u1eb1ng cách ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o phiên b\u1ea3n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<br>- Thích h\u1ee3p cho các \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u tài nguyên<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td>\n– Tiêu t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ngay c\u1ea3 khi phiên b\u1ea3n không \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<br>- Không phù h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi các \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 tài nguyên<\/td>\n– Yêu c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an toàn cho lu\u1ed3ng<br>- Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t chút<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ebfn Singleton, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n

        C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ebfn Singleton:<\/h3>\n
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          Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Bi\u1ebfn Singleton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd:<\/strong> Ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u00ecnh ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd Singleton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/h3>\n
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            C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp Singleton. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng enum (trong Java) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u1ea7m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c l\u1edbp Singleton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n

            H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh Singleton v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi Singleton<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            Singleton<\/td>\nM\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            L\u1edbp t\u0129nh<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u0129nh<\/td>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u00e3<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn Singleton<\/h2>\n

            L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, Singleton v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Singleton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

            C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi Bi\u1ebfn Singleton<\/h2>\n

            M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn Singleton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng. M\u1eabu Singleton \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb tr\u00ean to\u00e0n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n

            Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

            \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn Singleton v\u00e0 m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n