{"id":478738,"date":"2023-08-09T09:37:39","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:37:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-11-30T04:22:21","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T04:22:21","slug":"rfc1918","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/rfc1918\/","title":{"rendered":"RFC1918"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>RFC1918, ho\u1eb7c Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t 1918, n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 Internet. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng gian IP ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a RFC1918<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RFC1918 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1996, do Y. Rekhter, B. Moskowitz, D. Karrenberg, GJ de Groot v\u00e0 E. Lear vi\u1ebft. N\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong kh\u00f4ng gian IPv4. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i IP nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, ri\u00eang t\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a RFC1918<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RFC1918 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ba kh\u1ed1i IP \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>10.0.0.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 10.255.255.255 (ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 10\/8)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>172.16.0.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 172.31.255.255 (ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 172.16\/12)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>192.168.0.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 192.168.255.255 (ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 192.168\/16)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"741\" height=\"223\" src=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/rfc1918.jpg\" alt=\"RFC1918\" class=\"wp-image-497650\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/rfc1918.jpg 741w, https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/rfc1918-150x45.jpg 150w, https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/rfc1918-18x5.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 741px) 100vw, 741px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean Internet c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 trong m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang, cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i IP m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP tr\u00ean Internet to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong RFC1918<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn. Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VPN (M\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t NAT (D\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn RFC1918 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 khi h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch so s\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RFC1918 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th><th>Kh\u00f4ng gian IP ri\u00eang RFC1918<\/th><th>Kh\u00f4ng gian IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean Internet<\/td><td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang<\/td><td>B\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi IANA<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u NAT<\/td><td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u NAT \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp internet<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n NAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td><td>M\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, VPN<\/td><td>D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Internet<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea3nh quan ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng IPv6, gi\u00fap m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 RFC1918 s\u1ebd v\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i sang IPv6 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 RFC1918<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 RFC1918. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang truy c\u1eadp Internet c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n an ninh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac IP n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1918\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u RFC1918<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iana.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">C\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n Internet (IANA)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.internetsociety.org\/resources\/deploy360\/ipv6\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 IPv6<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/network-address-translation-nat\/4606-8.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng (NAT)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 RFC1918, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 proxy v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":497649,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-478738","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark><\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is RFC1918?","answer":"RFC1918 is a Request for Comments (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) that defines a set of IP address ranges reserved for private use within an organization. These IP addresses are not routable on the public Internet, providing security and flexibility within private networks."},{"question":"What are the specific address ranges defined by RFC1918?","answer":"The address ranges defined by RFC1918 are:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (10\/8 prefix)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (172.16\/12 prefix)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (192.168\/16 prefix)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>"},{"question":"How does RFC1918 contribute to the privacy and security of a network?","answer":"Since the IP addresses defined by RFC1918 are not routable on the public Internet, they are isolated from external networks. This adds a layer of security to the network by keeping internal IP addresses private and secure."},{"question":"What are some common problems related to the use of RFC1918, and how can they be resolved?","answer":"Common problems related to RFC1918 include address overlap between different private networks and difficulty in routing if not managed properly. These issues can be resolved through careful planning, address management, and the use of Network Address Translation (NAT)."},{"question":"How are RFC1918 addresses different from public IP addresses?","answer":"RFC1918 addresses are reserved for private use and are not routable on the public Internet. Public IP addresses, on the other hand, are routable on the Internet and must be purchased from a registry."},{"question":"What is the future perspective related to RFC1918?","answer":"As IPv6 becomes more widely adopted, the need for private IPv4 addresses like those defined in RFC1918 may diminish. However, RFC1918 is likely to continue to be relevant in many existing networks and technologies such as NAT and VPNs."},{"question":"How can proxy servers be used or associated with RFC1918?","answer":"Proxy servers, like those provided by OneProxy, can work with RFC1918 addresses to allow private addresses to connect to external resources securely. By routing traffic through a proxy, organizations can protect their internal IP space while accessing the public Internet."},{"question":"Where can I find more information about RFC1918?","answer":"You can find more detailed information about RFC1918 in the <a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1918\" target=\"_new\">IETF RFC1918 Document<\/a> or through the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iana.org\/assignments\/ipv4-address-space\/ipv4-address-space.xhtml\" target=\"_new\">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) - IPv4 Address Space Registry<\/a>."}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478738","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478738\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/497649"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}