{"id":478472,"date":"2023-08-09T09:33:22","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:33:22","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:16:49","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:16:49","slug":"port-scanning","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/port-scanning\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u0103m d\u00f2 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0o \u0111ang m\u1edf, \u0111\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, chuy\u00ean gia b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Port Scan v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi n\u00f3<\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Finis Conner, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Conner Peripherals, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cStealth\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985. M\u00e1y qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 tin t\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng<\/h2>\n

Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi c\u00e1c g\u00f3i m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn (TCP), v\u00ec n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Giao th\u1ee9c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (UDP) cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i qu\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00edch. C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ba tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    C\u1ed5ng m\u1edf: C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    C\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng: Khi m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i, cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    C\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc: C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c g\u00f3i, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e9t C\u1ed5ng. C\u00e1ch qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

    C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e9t kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Qu\u00e9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TCP<\/strong>: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TCP \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1edf; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      SYN\/Qu\u00e9t \u1ea9n<\/strong>: C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e9t n\u1eeda m\u1edf, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y g\u1eedi g\u00f3i SYN \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i SYN\/ACK (x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a), c\u1ed5ng s\u1ebd m\u1edf nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Qu\u00e9t UDP<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 TCP, UDP kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed5ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Qu\u00e9t UDP g\u1eedi c\u00e1c g\u00f3i UDP v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Qu\u00e9t ACK<\/strong>: Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, m\u00e1y qu\u00e9t s\u1ebd g\u1eedi g\u00f3i ACK (x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn) \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu c\u1ed5ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3i RST (\u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i), c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      Qu\u00e9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5<\/strong>: Qu\u00e9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 TCP \u0111\u1ec3 suy ra c\u1ed5ng \u0111ang m\u1edf hay \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      M\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e9t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng<\/h2>\n

      Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb l\u1ed9, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n

        Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda<\/strong>: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e9t cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      5. \n

        C\u1ed5ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh xem quy t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed5ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      6. \n

        B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      7. \n

        Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Tin t\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an ninh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng<\/h2>\n

        K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Lo\u1ea1i qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        Qu\u00e9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TCP<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TCP \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 m\u1edf kh\u00f4ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SYN\/Qu\u00e9t \u1ea9n<\/td>\nKh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o g\u00f3i SYN v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t UDP<\/td>\nG\u1eedi c\u00e1c g\u00f3i UDP \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng UDP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t ACK<\/td>\nG\u1eedi g\u00f3i ACK \u0111\u1ec3 suy ra xem c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5<\/td>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 TCP \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t r\u1ed7ng<\/td>\nG\u1eedi c\u00e1c g\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1edf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t FIN<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f3 c\u1edd FIN (k\u1ebft th\u00fac) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111ang m\u1edf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t XMAS<\/td>\nG\u1eedi c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f3 c\u1edd FIN, PSH (\u0111\u1ea9y) v\u00e0 URG (kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111ang m\u1edf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t nh\u00e0n r\u1ed7i<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 zombie \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong khi v\u1eabn l\u00e9n l\u00fat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Qu\u00e9t th\u01b0 b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i FTP<\/td>\nKhai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 FTP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n

        Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n

          \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an ninh<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        3. \n

          Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng (NIDS) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e9t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        4. \n

          Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: C\u00e1c tin t\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DDoS ho\u1eb7c trinh s\u00e1t c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \n

            Chi ph\u00ed m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng linh ho\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            T\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh IDS<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e2ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3. \n

            T\u00edch c\u1ef1c sai<\/strong>: K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 qu\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3, g\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng n\u00ean:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              L\u00ean l\u1ecbch qu\u00e9t<\/strong>: L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00ean l\u1ecbch qu\u00e9t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong gi\u1edd th\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u00e9t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            3. \n

              S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>: Tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 g\u1eafn c\u1edd c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u qu\u00e9t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            4. \n

              Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt<\/strong>: Lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1eef k\u00fd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

              | Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng so v\u1edbi qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng |
              \n|\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014- | \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014|
              \n| Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng<\/strong> | Qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/strong> |
              \n| X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1edf, \u0111\u00f3ng, l\u1ecdc| X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng |
              \n| \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng | \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt |
              \n| X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 | \u01afu ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt |
              \n| H\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng | T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng |
              \n| Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 | Cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng chi ti\u1ebft |<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng<\/th>\nC\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
              b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\nNessus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              m\u00e1y qu\u00e9t masscan<\/td>\nOpenVAS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Zenmap (Giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a Nmap)<\/td>\nch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              M\u00e1y qu\u00e9t IP t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn<\/td>\nti\u1ebfp theo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              si\u00eau qu\u00e9t<\/td>\nAcunetix<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng<\/h2>\n

              Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \n

                Th\u00edch \u1ee9ng IPv6<\/strong>: V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n sang IPv6, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              2. \n

                T\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/strong>: Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng, cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              3. \n

                Qu\u00e9t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt IoT<\/strong>: Khi Internet of Things (IoT) ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng IoT.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              4. \n

                D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/strong>: C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t C\u1ed5ng<\/h2>\n

                M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng, cho c\u1ea3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \n

                  \u1ea9n danh<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea9n danh t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e9t tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                2. \n

                  Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u00e9t tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                3. \n

                  Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng \u0111i, gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd trong m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                4. \n

                  Qu\u00e9t t\u1eeb xa<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb xa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

                  \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Nmap<\/a><\/li>\n
                  2. Trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a OpenVAS<\/a><\/li>\n
                  3. Trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Nessus<\/a><\/li>\n
                  4. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7<\/a> b\u1edfi Vi\u1ec7n SANS<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong khi v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":478473,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-478472","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Port Scanning: Unraveling the Network's Doors<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is port scanning, and why is it essential for network security?","answer":"

                    Port scanning is a technique used to probe networked devices and services by systematically scanning a range of network ports. It helps identify which ports are open, closed, or filtered, allowing network administrators and security experts to assess the network's security posture and detect potential vulnerabilities. Understanding port scanning is crucial for safeguarding networks from potential threats and ensuring robust network functionality.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did port scanning originate, and who pioneered it?","answer":"

                    The concept of port scanning emerged with the growth of computer networking in the late 20th century. Finis Conner, the founder of Conner Peripherals, is credited with pioneering port scanning by creating the \"Stealth\" program in 1985. This early port scanner aimed to identify open ports on remote hosts, and from there, the technique evolved, leading to its widespread usage in security research and network administration.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does port scanning work, and what are the common scanning techniques?","answer":"

                    Port scanning involves sending network packets to specific ports on a target system and analyzing the responses received. The most common protocol used for this purpose is TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), with various scanning techniques, such as TCP Connect Scanning, SYN\/Stealth Scanning, UDP Scanning, and more. Each technique has its strengths and weaknesses, making the choice of scan method dependent on the specific objectives and network characteristics.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the main features of port scanning, and how is it different from vulnerability scanning?","answer":"

                    Port scanning offers features like network visibility, vulnerability assessment, intrusion detection, firewall testing, network mapping, and penetration testing. It helps in identifying open, closed, and filtered ports. In contrast, vulnerability scanning focuses on assessing security weaknesses in software and systems, prioritizing and suggesting security patches. While port scanning evaluates network accessibility, vulnerability scanning delves into specific software and system-level issues.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of port scanning exist, and how do they differ from each other?","answer":"

                    Port scanning techniques can be categorized into various types, such as TCP Connect Scan, SYN\/Stealth Scan, UDP Scan, ACK Scan, Window Scan, Null Scan, and more. Each scanning type operates differently and provides unique insights into the state of ports and services on a target system. Depending on the use case and desired level of stealth, administrators may choose the most suitable scanning method.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is port scanning used, and what are the potential challenges related to its use?","answer":"

                    Port scanning finds applications in security assessment, network troubleshooting, intrusion detection, penetration testing, and more. However, its misuse can lead to problems such as network overhead, firewall and intrusion detection system evasion, and false positives. To address these challenges, scheduling scans during off-peak hours, rate-limiting scan requests, using anomaly detection, and staying updated with security measures are essential.<\/p>"},{"question":"What can we expect in the future of port scanning?","answer":"

                    As technology evolves, the future of port scanning may involve adaptation to IPv6, integration of machine learning algorithms for improved accuracy, specialized IoT security scanning, and the emergence of cloud-based scanning services. These advancements will enhance the effectiveness and scope of port scanning in network security and administration.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with port scanning?","answer":"

                    Proxy servers can be both used and associated with port scanning. Attackers may use proxy servers to hide their identities during scans, making it harder to trace the origin of the scan. Proxy servers can also be used to distribute scan requests across multiple IP addresses, reducing detection chances. On the other hand, organizations use proxy servers for access control and monitoring, helping identify suspicious activities within their networks.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find additional resources and information about port scanning?","answer":"

                    For more information about port scanning and network security, you can explore resources such as the official websites of Nmap, OpenVAS, and Nessus. Additionally, the SANS Institute provides in-depth whitepapers on port scanning techniques and defense mechanisms, offering valuable insights into the topic.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478472","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478472\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/478473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}