{"id":478275,"date":"2023-08-09T09:30:06","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:30:06","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:16:26","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:16:26","slug":"open-systems-interconnection-osi","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/open-systems-interconnection-osi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edf (OSI)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edf (OSI) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch. OSI \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh, lo\u1ea1i, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a OSI, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a OSI<\/h2>\n

\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 khi m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISO) \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI.<\/p>\n

OSI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 khi M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu OSI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ISO xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1984. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau. N\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chung cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau giao ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 OSI<\/h2>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp, chia qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y l\u1edbp ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed7i l\u1edbp c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i qua c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y khi n\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch. B\u1ea3y l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI, t\u1eeb tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

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  1. \n

    L\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (L\u1edbp 7): L\u1edbp n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 HTTP, SMTP v\u00e0 FTP, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    L\u1edbp tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y (L\u1edbp 6): Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1edbp n\u00e0y d\u1ecbch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sang \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 n\u00e9n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    L\u1edbp phi\u00ean (L\u1edbp 5): L\u1edbp phi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c phi\u00ean giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    L\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (L\u1edbp 4): Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, l\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. N\u00f3 ph\u00e2n chia d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    L\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng (L\u1edbp 3): L\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 logic.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    L\u1edbp li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (L\u1edbp 2): Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3ng khung d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt l\u00fd, l\u1edbp n\u00e0y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa hai n\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  7. \n

    L\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd (L\u1edbp 1): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1edbp th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd qua m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a OSI<\/h2>\n

    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 b\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f3. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y qua c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y theo c\u1ea3 hai h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a OSI l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp s\u1ebd th\u00eam ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ri\u00eang ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho l\u1edbp \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn, m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi n\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1edbp cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

    \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn theo l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4 \u0111un h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a OSI<\/h2>\n

    M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu gi\u00fap n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t khung giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i:<\/p>\n

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      Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a<\/strong>: OSI cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbp<\/strong>: C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng v\u00ec m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh giao di\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, OSI \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong>: OSI cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eebng l\u1edbp ri\u00eang l\u1ebb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      T\u00ednh m\u00f4 \u0111un<\/strong>: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00f4-\u0111un c\u1ee7a OSI cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ri\u00eang l\u1ebb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, OSI \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i OSI<\/h2>\n

      M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean OSI n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

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        TCP\/IP<\/strong>: B\u1ed9 giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, TCP\/IP (Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i\/Giao th\u1ee9c Internet), tu\u00e2n theo ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 OSI v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c qua internet.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        X.25<\/strong>: Ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch g\u00f3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, X.25 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        R\u01a1le khung<\/strong>: Giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n

        ATM (Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9)<\/strong>: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf l\u1edbp li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      5. \n

        ISDN (M\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p)<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng OSI v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

        OSI l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN) \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ng internet to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

        Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai OSI \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n

          Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch giao th\u1ee9c<\/strong>: C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh giao th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          An ninh m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        3. \n

          T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra chi ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        4. \n

          Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n

          \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a OSI, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/strong><\/th>\nS\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          OSI so v\u1edbi TCP\/IP<\/td>\nOSI l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, trong khi TCP\/IP l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 giao th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI. TCP\/IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh internet.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          OSI so v\u1edbi ISO\/OSI<\/td>\nOSI \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, trong khi ISO\/OSI bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay th\u1ebf cho nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          OSI so v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI<\/td>\nOSI l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m bao qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m OSI.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n

          Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn OSI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \n

            \u1ea2o h\u00f3a<\/strong>: C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a m\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (SDN)<\/strong>: SDN t\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3. \n

            Internet v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt (IoT)<\/strong>: Khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          4. \n

            5G v\u00e0 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa<\/strong>: C\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cao, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 OSI<\/h2>\n

            M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. Trong khi OSI ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu x\u1eed l\u00fd khung kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

            \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              L\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (L\u1edbp 7)<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u1ea5p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 truy c\u1eadp n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              L\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (L\u1edbp 4)<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf l\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            3. \n

              L\u1edbp li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (L\u1edbp 2)<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao ti\u1ebfp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n) trong m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            4. \n

              L\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd (L\u1edbp 1)<\/strong>: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

              \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edf (OSI), h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \n

                M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu ISO OSI<\/a> \u2013 Trang ISO ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu OSI.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              2. \n

                H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn TCP\/IP<\/a> \u2013 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 TCP\/IP, b\u1ed9 giao th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              3. \n

                Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 SDN<\/a> \u2013 T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              4. \n

                IoT v\u00e0 M\u1ea1ng<\/a> \u2013 Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa IoT v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

                K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edf (OSI) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, OSI \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Khi ch\u00fang ta h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, OSI s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-478275","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Open Systems Interconnection (OSI): Facilitating Seamless Communication in the Digital World<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)?","answer":"

                Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) is a conceptual model that provides a framework for standardizing the functions of telecommunication and computing systems. It allows different systems to communicate with each other seamlessly by defining clear interfaces and functions for each layer.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did OSI originate, and when was it first mentioned?","answer":"

                The concept of OSI emerged in the 1970s when the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) aimed to address the interoperability challenges arising from proprietary protocols. The first mention of OSI dates back to 1984 when the ISO published the OSI Reference Model.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does OSI work, and what are its internal layers?","answer":"

                OSI follows a layered architecture, with seven distinct layers: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical. Data passes through these layers from the source to the destination, with each layer adding its header and processing the data as it moves up the layers.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of OSI?","answer":"

                OSI's key features include standardization, layered architecture, interoperability, flexibility, modularity, and universal acceptance. These features make it a powerful and widely adopted communication framework.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of OSI technologies exist?","answer":"

                Various technologies follow the OSI model's guidelines, including TCP\/IP, X.25, Frame Relay, ATM, and ISDN. These technologies enable efficient data transmission and communication across networks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is OSI used, and what challenges does it face?","answer":"

                OSI is fundamental to almost all network communications, from local area networks (LANs) to the global internet. It faces challenges related to protocol compatibility, network security, performance optimization, and scalability.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does OSI compare to similar terms?","answer":"

                OSI is a conceptual model, while TCP\/IP is a practical protocol suite based on OSI principles. ISO\/OSI refers to ISO's efforts to create a standardized communication model, often used interchangeably with OSI. The OSI model is the detailed specification of the layers and their functions within the OSI concept.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future technologies related to OSI?","answer":"

                Future technologies related to OSI include virtualization, software-defined networking (SDN), Internet of Things (IoT) advancements, and innovations in 5G and beyond cellular networks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with OSI?","answer":"

                Proxy servers act as intermediaries between clients and servers, operating at various layers of the OSI model to manage network traffic and enhance security.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about OSI?","answer":"

                For further exploration of OSI, check out the ISO's official page on the OSI Reference Model, a comprehensive guide to TCP\/IP, information on SDN, IoT and networking, and more through the provided related links.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478275\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}