{"id":478021,"date":"2023-08-09T09:25:56","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:25:56","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:53","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:53","slug":"midi","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/midi\/","title":{"rendered":"MIDI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>MIDI, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Musical Instrument Digital Interface, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u1eabn nhau. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a MIDI v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m MIDI l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung cho c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. N\u0103m 1983, Dave Smith c\u1ee7a Sequential Circuits, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m Roland, Yamaha v\u00e0 Korg, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt MIDI 1.0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1983.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb MIDI \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tung ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngay sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a v\u1edbi nhau. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i analog ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 MIDI. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 MIDI<\/h2>\n<p>MIDI ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh b\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1eaft n\u1ed1t, thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, u\u1ed1n cong cao \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf, v.v. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1p MIDI ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i USB v\u00e0 ch\u00fang mang th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt MIDI x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u k\u00eanh, m\u1ed7i k\u00eanh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mang m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. MIDI c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (SysEx), cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh duy nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a MIDI. C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a MIDI<\/h2>\n<p>Tin nh\u1eafn MIDI bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i byte, m\u1ed7i byte ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o MIDI th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t byte tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u byte d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Byte tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cho bi\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ghi ch\u00fa ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, trong khi byte d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mang c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t byte tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 1001nnnn, trong \u0111\u00f3 nnnn \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho k\u00eanh MIDI), theo sau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t byte d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho s\u1ed1 n\u1ed1t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t byte d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c cho v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c (l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5n ph\u00edm). Khi m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn ghi ch\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 byte tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 1000nnnn) v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 n\u1ed1t v\u00e0 byte d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a MIDI<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a MIDI \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: MIDI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, bao g\u1ed3m b\u00e0n ph\u00edm, b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1m \u00e2m thanh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (DAW).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c<\/strong>: Tin nh\u1eafn MIDI cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, cao \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e2m s\u1eafc, trong bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c phi\u00ean ghi \u00e2m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1<\/strong>: Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 MIDI cho ph\u00e9p ghi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>: Tin nh\u1eafn MIDI c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n<\/strong>: Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MIDI m\u1edf v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i MIDI<\/h2>\n<p>MIDI \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo th\u1eddi gian, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i MIDI kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i MIDI ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Lo\u1ea1i MIDI<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>MIDI 1.0<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt MIDI g\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MIDI chung (GM)<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MIDI chung 2 (GM2)<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a GM v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u00e2m thanh h\u01a1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MIDI chung 2.1 (GM2.1)<\/td>\n<td>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MIDI m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (XMF)<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MIDI tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Yamaha XG<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt MIDI m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Yamaha.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MIDI, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>MIDI t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c<\/strong>: Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 MIDI l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp nh\u1ea1c trong m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1m \u00e2m thanh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (DAW).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n MIDI \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1eabu, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/strong>: MIDI cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a MIDI<\/strong>: M\u00e3 th\u1eddi gian MIDI (MTC) v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y MIDI (MMC) t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 video.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o, MIDI kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MIDI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 nh\u1ecf, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao di\u1ec7n MIDI c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong>: C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb MIDI c\u0169 h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt MIDI m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i MIDI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n MIDI kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>L\u1ed7i SysEx<\/strong>: C\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh MIDI v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh<\/td>\n<td>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MIDI<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>OSC (\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00e2m thanh m\u1edf)<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho MIDI, cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Trong khi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u00e2m thanh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec MIDI l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, OSC cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c qua m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng MIDI v\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn MIDI<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a MIDI c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n. MIDI 2.0, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 MIDI HD, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao, bao g\u1ed3m giao ti\u1ebfp hai chi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t cao h\u01a1n. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n MIDI m\u1edbi n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, MIDI qua Giao th\u1ee9c Internet (MIDI qua IP) \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd, cho ph\u00e9p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MIDI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb xa v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi MIDI<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 MIDI ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o giao ti\u1ebfp k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MIDI, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn MIDI qua IP.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ng. Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MIDI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua internet, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MIDI nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 MIDI, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.midi.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t MIDI (MMA)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.midi.org\/midi-articles\/about-the-midi-association\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i MIDI<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.soundonsound.com\/techniques\/midi-basics\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u00c2m thanh b\u1eadt l\u00ean \u2013 Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 MIDI<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi MIDI, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":468909,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-478021","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>MIDI: Musical Instrument Digital Interface<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is MIDI?","answer":"<p>MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. It is a digital protocol that allows electronic musical instruments, computers, and other devices to communicate and control each other. MIDI enables seamless data transfer between different musical equipment and has become an essential tool for musicians, producers, and composers worldwide.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did MIDI originate and when was it introduced?","answer":"<p>The concept of MIDI was introduced in the early 1980s when music industry leaders recognized the need for a universal language for electronic musical instruments. In 1983, the MIDI 1.0 specification was developed by a group of companies including Sequential Circuits, Roland, Yamaha, and Korg. It was officially released in the same year.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does MIDI work?","answer":"<p>MIDI operates on a digital interface, transmitting data messages between devices. It does not carry audio signals but instead conveys information such as note-on and note-off commands, control changes, pitch bend, modulation, and more. MIDI messages consist of status bytes and data bytes, each serving a specific purpose to control various parameters.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of MIDI?","answer":"<p>MIDI's key features include versatility, real-time control, sequencing capabilities, compactness, and its non-proprietary nature. These features have made MIDI an integral part of modern music production and performance.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of MIDI exist?","answer":"<p>There are various types of MIDI, including MIDI 1.0, General MIDI (GM), General MIDI 2 (GM2), General MIDI 2.1 (GM2.1), Extended MIDI (XMF), and Yamaha XG. Each type offers different capabilities and compatibility levels.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can MIDI be used, and what are some potential issues?","answer":"<p>MIDI finds applications in music production, live performances, instrument integration, and MIDI synchronization. Some common issues with MIDI usage include latency, compatibility with older devices, and SysEx errors. Using low-latency MIDI interfaces and optimizing computer settings can help address these problems.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives of MIDI?","answer":"<p>The future of MIDI looks promising with the emergence of MIDI 2.0 (MIDI HD), which promises bidirectional communication, extended resolution, and enhanced expressiveness. Additionally, MIDI over Internet Protocol (MIDI over IP) is gaining traction, enabling MIDI data transmission over standard internet connections for remote collaborations and live performances.<\/p>"},{"question":"How do proxy servers relate to MIDI?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can play a significant role in facilitating MIDI data transmission, especially in scenarios involving MIDI over IP. They act as intermediaries, optimizing data flow, enhancing security, and handling network congestion to ensure stable connections and protect sensitive MIDI data.<\/p><p>Join OneProxy for a harmonious journey into the world of MIDI and discover how this powerful technology impacts music creation and performance!<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478021","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478021\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}