{"id":477826,"date":"2023-08-09T09:21:11","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:21:11","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:32","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:32","slug":"library-computing","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/library-computing\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh):<\/strong><br \/>\nTrong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 khung l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh) v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. Khi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 d\u00e1n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cth\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n\u201d trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 khi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Fortran v\u00e0 COBOL \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u00e3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh):<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u00e0m, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u00e3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh m\u00f4 \u0111un h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u0129nh:<\/strong> C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch. M\u00e3 t\u1eeb th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u0129nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung ho\u1eb7c DLL (Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng), l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u0129nh, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c theo c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Khi m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft:<\/strong> Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u00e3 m\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110ang t\u1ea3i:<\/strong> Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>G\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng:<\/strong> Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c h\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc do c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh):<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e3:<\/strong> C\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3, gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u01b0 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh m\u00f4 \u0111un:<\/strong> B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00f3i g\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u00e3, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb d\u00f9ng chung, gi\u1ea3m dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong> Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i:<\/strong> Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng phong ph\u00fa, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh):<\/strong><\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u0129nh<\/td>\n<td>M\u00e3 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft khi ch\u1ea1y.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chia s\u1ebb<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ed1ng Unix, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f9ng chung (SO) ho\u1eb7c DLL.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Khung<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><strong>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh), c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 an ninh:<\/strong> T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00e3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd g\u00f3i gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Chi ph\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra chi ph\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t do c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>API (Giao di\u1ec7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng)<\/td>\n<td>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Khung<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>m\u00f4-\u0111un<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u01b0u ki\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><strong>C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh):<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>WebAssugging (Wasm):<\/strong> WebAssugging cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea1y m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/strong> Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u00e2ng cao AI:<\/strong> C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI v\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh):<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cho m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i:<\/strong> Proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7:<\/strong> Proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung:<\/strong> Proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Library_%28computing%29\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Wikipedia \u2013 Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/introduction-of-libraries-in-c\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">GeeksforGeeks \u2013 Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong C\/C++<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/nerd-for-tech\/a-brief-history-of-libraries-bf978d63d7eb\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Medium \u2013 S\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Khi c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb phong ph\u00fa t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":468771,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477826","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Library (computing)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"<strong>What is a library in computing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>In computing, a library refers to a collection of pre-compiled and reusable code resources that developers can access and use in their software projects. Libraries simplify software development, enhance code efficiency, and promote code reuse across different programs.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How did the concept of libraries in computing originate?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>The concept of libraries in computing emerged in the mid-20th century with the popularity of programming languages like Fortran and COBOL. These languages allowed developers to link external code files with their main programs, paving the way for modern libraries.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the different types of libraries in computing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Libraries in computing can be classified into two main types: static libraries and dynamic libraries. Static libraries are compiled and linked into the executable during compile time, while dynamic libraries are linked at runtime and can be updated independently.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How do libraries work internally in computing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Libraries work by linking and loading. During the compilation process, the compiler identifies functions needed by the program but not defined in its source code and searches for them in specified libraries. Dynamic libraries are loaded into memory at runtime, allowing programs to access their functionalities.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the key features of libraries in computing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Libraries offer several essential features, including code reusability, modularity, performance improvements, version management, and the creation of robust development ecosystems.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the challenges related to using libraries in computing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Some common challenges include compatibility issues between library versions or platforms, security concerns when using external code, managing dependencies, and potential performance overhead due to excessive library usage.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the future perspectives and technologies related to libraries in computing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>The future of libraries includes advancements in WebAssembly, AI-enhanced libraries, and their role in serverless computing architectures, among others.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How can proxy servers be associated with libraries in computing?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Proxy servers play a significant role in library usage by caching, load balancing, enhancing security, and optimizing content delivery for libraries, thus improving overall performance and user experience.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477826\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}