{"id":477793,"date":"2023-08-09T09:20:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:20:26","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:25","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:25","slug":"label-smoothing","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/label-smoothing\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nh\u00e3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c h\u01a1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nh\u00e3n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn Nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n

L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cSuy ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh\u201d c\u1ee7a Christian Szegedy v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2016. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng th\u1ea7n kinh t\u00edch ch\u1eadp s\u00e2u (CNN) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n.<\/h2>\n

Trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t entropy ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa nh\u00e3n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n qu\u00e1 t\u1ef1 tin, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ef1 tin qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng ghi nh\u00e3n m\u1ec1m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t vect\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n (v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cho nh\u00e3n th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 0 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c) l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp. Nh\u00e3n th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n m\u1ed9t x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u00e1c x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, l\u00e0m cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u00edt b\u1ecb trang b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn Nh\u00e3n. C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn Nh\u00e3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/h2>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

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    M\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u00f3ng:<\/strong> Trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho m\u1ed7i m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vect\u01a1 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a one-hot, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbp th\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 0.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    L\u00e0m m\u1ec1m nh\u00e3n:<\/strong> L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp. Thay v\u00ec g\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 1 cho l\u1edbp th\u1ef1c, n\u00f3 g\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (1 \u2013 \u03b5), trong \u0111\u00f3 \u03b5 l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn:<\/strong> X\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, \u03b5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u00edt ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    T\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t entropy ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m. S\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n s\u1ebd tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n qu\u00e1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n.<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

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      Ch\u00ednh quy:<\/strong> L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh:<\/strong> B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 k\u00e9m tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n:<\/strong> L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n gi\u00fap m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay v\u00ec ghi nh\u1edb c\u00e1c m\u1eabu hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      X\u1eed l\u00fd Nh\u00e3n \u1ed3n \u00e0o:<\/strong> L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n nhi\u1ec5u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n<\/h2>\n

      C\u00f3 hai ki\u1ec3u l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n

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        L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> Theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u03b5 (h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m nh\u00e3n th\u1ef1c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu trong t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n \u1ee7:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u03b5 b\u1ecb \u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian, tinh ch\u1ec9nh hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n, trong khi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n \u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh si\u00eau tham s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n

        D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o<\/th>\nL\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>\nL\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n \u1ee7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u03b5<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t<\/td>\n\u1ee6 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/td>\n\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/td>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh si\u00eau tham s\u1ed1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1<\/td>\n\u00cdt tinh ch\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\nTi\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/h2>\n

        S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn Nh\u00e3n<\/h3>\n

        L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n
        2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n, \u03b5, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n
        3. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n
        4. Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t entropy ch\u00e9o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h3>\n

          M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \n

            T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/strong> Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n do \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean t\u1eadp ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0a nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh si\u00eau tham s\u1ed1:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho \u03b5 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb qu\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh si\u00eau tham s\u1ed1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u03b5 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3. \n

            S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u03b5, theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c si\u00eau tham s\u1ed1 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

            C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch.<\/h2>\n

            D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a<\/th>\n\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            Ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a L1 v\u00e0 L2<\/td>\nX\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            R\u01a1i ra ngo\u00e0i<\/td>\nV\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng trang b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nGi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n<\/td>\nL\u00e0m m\u1ec1m nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Trong khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

            C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn Nh\u00e3n.<\/h2>\n

            L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n, \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c li\u00ean quan bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n th\u00edch \u1ee9ng:<\/strong> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u03b5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh linh ho\u1ea1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn th\u00edch \u1ee9ng h\u01a1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n theo t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n cho c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            3. \n

              T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh quy kh\u00e1c:<\/strong> Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            4. \n

              L\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n trong H\u1ecdc t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n sang l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn Nh\u00e3n.<\/h2>\n

              M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \n

                Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              2. \n

                \u1ea8n danh v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea9n danh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 khi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              3. \n

                C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tri\u1ec3n khai, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u suy lu\u1eadn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              4. \n

                D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n do m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0a ra, gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n.<\/p>\n

                Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

                \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/a> \u2013 B\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ban \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n.<\/li>\n
                2. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n<\/a> \u2013 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
                3. Hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n<\/a> \u2013 Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":468749,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477793","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Label Smoothing<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Label Smoothing?","answer":"

                  Label smoothing is a regularization technique used in machine learning and deep learning models. It involves adding a small amount of uncertainty to the target labels during training to prevent overfitting and improve model generalization.<\/p>"},{"question":"How was Label Smoothing introduced?","answer":"

                  Label smoothing was first introduced in the research paper \"Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision\" by Christian Szegedy et al. in 2016. The authors proposed it as a regularization method for large-scale image classification tasks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Label Smoothing work?","answer":"

                  Label smoothing modifies the traditional one-hot encoded target labels by distributing the probability mass among all classes. The true label is assigned a value slightly less than one, and the remaining probabilities are divided among other classes, introducing a sense of uncertainty during training.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the types of Label Smoothing?","answer":"

                  There are two common types of label smoothing: fixed label smoothing and annealing label smoothing. Fixed label smoothing uses a constant value for uncertainty throughout training, while annealing label smoothing gradually decreases the uncertainty over time.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can I use Label Smoothing?","answer":"

                  To use label smoothing, modify the target labels before computing the loss during training. Prepare the dataset with one-hot encoded labels, choose a value for uncertainty (\u03b5), and convert the labels into softened labels with the probability distribution.<\/p>"},{"question":"What benefits does Label Smoothing offer?","answer":"

                  Label smoothing improves model robustness and calibration, making it less reliant on individual labels during prediction. It also handles noisy labels better and enhances generalization performance on unseen data.<\/p>"},{"question":"Are there any challenges with Label Smoothing?","answer":"

                  While label smoothing improves generalization, it might slightly reduce accuracy on the training set. Choosing an appropriate \u03b5 value requires experimentation, and implementation may need modification of the loss function.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can Proxy Servers be associated with Label Smoothing?","answer":"

                  Proxy servers are not directly related to label smoothing but can complement it. They can aid in diverse data collection, anonymizing user data, load balancing for model serving, and caching model predictions to optimize performance.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477793","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477793\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}