{"id":477721,"date":"2023-08-09T09:19:17","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:19:17","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:16","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:16","slug":"ipv4","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/ipv4\/","title":{"rendered":"IPv4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>IPv4 l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Giao th\u1ee9c Internet (IP), l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh trong B\u1ed9 Giao th\u1ee9c Internet. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp tr\u00ean Internet.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a IPv4 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>IPv4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho IPv3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a IPv4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u01a1 quan D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (DARPA) c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1981 v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi RFC 791. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n M\u1ea1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m sang ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac TCP\/IP hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho Internet nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 IPv4: M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n<p>IPv4 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 32 bit, cho ph\u00e9p kho\u1ea3ng 4,3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh n\u0103m l\u1edbp (A, B, C, D v\u00e0 E) cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u1edbp A: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1edbp B: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee1 trung b\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1edbp C: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1edbp D: D\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 multicast.<\/li>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i E: D\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a IPv4: C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a IPv4<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n octet, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ng:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/h3>\n<p><code data-no-translation=\"\">192.168.1.1<\/code><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code data-no-translation=\"\">192.168.1<\/code> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li><code data-no-translation=\"\">1<\/code> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a IPv4<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9:<\/strong> 32-bit, cho ph\u00e9p h\u01a1n 4 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed5ng ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i (TTL):<\/strong> Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i IPv4: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u01a1n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 cho m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u00e1t tin<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IPv4, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>IPv4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 D\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1ng (NAT) v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang IPv6 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi IPv6:<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<th>IPv4<\/th>\n<th>IPv6<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9<\/td>\n<td>32-bit<\/td>\n<td>128-bit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9<\/td>\n<td>th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ch\u1ea5m<\/td>\n<td>th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn IPv4<\/h2>\n<p>IPv4 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p do c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169, nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 IPv6. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp k\u00e9p cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 IPv4 v\u00e0 IPv6.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi IPv4<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy nh\u01b0 OneProxy \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch. V\u1edbi IPv4, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_Protocol\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Giao th\u1ee9c Internet - Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc791\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 791 \u2013 IETF<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">OneProxy \u2013 Trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477721","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is IPv4 and why is it important?","answer":"<p>IPv4, or Internet Protocol Version 4, is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol, serving as the primary identification and routing system for devices on a network. It's vital for Internet functionality, routing most of the online traffic.<\/p>"},{"question":"When was IPv4 first introduced, and who developed it?","answer":"<p>IPv4 was first introduced in September 1981 by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) as RFC 791. It marked a crucial transition in Internet architecture.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is an IPv4 address structured?","answer":"<p>An IPv4 address is structured into two portions: the network portion and the host portion, consisting of four octets separated by dots. For example, in the address <code>192.168.1.1<\/code>, <code>192.168.1<\/code> is the network portion, and <code>1<\/code> is the host portion.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of IPv4?","answer":"<p>IPv4's key features include a 32-bit addressing scheme, allowing over 4 billion unique addresses, fragmentation of data packets, checksum for data integrity, and Time-to-Live (TTL) to prevent infinite looping of data packets.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of IPv4 addresses exist?","answer":"<p>There are three main types of IPv4 addresses: Unicast for a single device, Broadcast for all devices in a network, and Multicast for a specific group of devices.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the main problems with IPv4, and how are they solved?","answer":"<p>The main problem with IPv4 is address exhaustion, due to the limited number of unique addresses. Solutions like Network Address Translation (NAT) and transitioning to IPv6 have been implemented to address this issue.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does IPv4 compare to IPv6?","answer":"<p>IPv4 uses a 32-bit address scheme, whereas IPv6 uses 128-bit. IPv4's security is optional, while IPv6 has built-in security. The address format is dotted decimal for IPv4 and hexadecimal for IPv6.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives related to IPv4?","answer":"<p>Though IPv4 will continue to be relevant in legacy systems, the future is leaning towards IPv6. Transition technologies like dual-stack will enable both IPv4 and IPv6 to be used together.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers like OneProxy associated with IPv4?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers like OneProxy work with IPv4 by acting as intermediaries, forwarding requests and responses between client devices and target servers. They can enhance privacy, filter content, or bypass geographical restrictions.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477721\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}