{"id":477484,"date":"2023-08-09T09:15:39","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:15:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:49","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:49","slug":"hosts-file","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/hosts-file\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eadp tin m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (DNS) trong m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang web, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 xem t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi truy v\u1ea5n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS. N\u1ebfu t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trong t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trang web. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ghi \u0111\u00e8 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a file Hosts v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ARPANET, ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Internet hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ARPANET \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec B\u1ea3ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eadp trung tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1983, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (DNS) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf B\u1ea3ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0ng t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Hosts File \u2013 M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e1y ch\u1ee7\u201d, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, bao g\u1ed3m Windows, macOS v\u00e0 Linux. N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. M\u1ed7i d\u00f2ng trong t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 gi\u1eefa t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c tab.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<pre><div class=\"bg-black rounded-md mb-4\"><div class=\"flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md\"><span>\u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp<\/span><button class=\"flex ml-auto gap-2\"><svg stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"2\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"h-4 w-4\" height=\"1em\" width=\"1em\" ><path d=\"M16 4h2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h2\"><\/path><rect x=\"8\" y=\"2\" width=\"8\" height=\"4\" rx=\"1\" ry=\"1\"><\/rect><\/svg>Sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e3<\/button><\/div><div class=\"p-4 overflow-y-auto\"><code class=\"!whitespace-pre hljs language-bash\" data-no-translation=\"\">IP_address   Hostname   <span class=\"hljs-comment\">#Optional_comment<\/span>\n<\/code><\/div><\/div><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code data-no-translation=\"\">IP_address<\/code>: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u00e0 t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 t\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<li><code data-no-translation=\"\">Hostname<\/code>: T\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><code data-no-translation=\"\">Optional_comment<\/code>: M\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<pre><div class=\"bg-black rounded-md mb-4\"><div class=\"flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md\"><button class=\"flex ml-auto gap-2\"><svg stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"2\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"h-4 w-4\" height=\"1em\" width=\"1em\" ><path d=\"M16 4h2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h2\"><\/path><rect x=\"8\" y=\"2\" width=\"8\" height=\"4\" rx=\"1\" ry=\"1\"><\/rect><\/svg>Sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e3<\/button><\/div><div class=\"p-4 overflow-y-auto\"><code class=\"!whitespace-pre hljs\" data-no-translation=\"\">127.0.0.1       localhost\n<\/code><\/div><\/div><\/pre>\n<p>Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP 127.0.0.1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 t\u1edbi t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u201clocalhost\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang web, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi truy v\u1ea5n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS. N\u1ebfu t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trong t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trang web. N\u1ebfu t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP trong m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi truy c\u1eadp trang web v\u00ec \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ghi \u0111\u00e8 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi \u0111\u00e8 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ch\u1eb7n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 mi\u1ec1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra ngo\u1ea1i tuy\u1ebfn<\/strong>: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c trang web tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n ghi DNS, gi\u00fap \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i ngo\u1ea1i tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>An ninh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>: V\u00ec t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi truy v\u1ea5n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 nhanh h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong>: Lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ri\u00eang, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>T\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1eb7n trang web<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP loopback nh\u01b0 127.0.0.1 ho\u1eb7c 0.0.0.0.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng trang web<\/strong>: T\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/strong>: C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi truy c\u1eadp trang web ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n. Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m<\/strong>: Sau khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c do b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m DNS. X\u00f3a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m DNS ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp t\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/th>\n<th>DNS (H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/td>\n<td>Ghi \u0111\u00e8 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<td>T\u1eadp tin v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<td>C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u1ea1m vi<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, tr\u00ean to\u00e0n m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u01afu ti\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/td>\n<td>\u01afu ti\u00ean cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1eadp trung h\u00f3a<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, phi t\u1eadp trung<\/td>\n<td>T\u1eadp trung v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n<td>T\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn cao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\n<td>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Khi internet ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi DNS v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng cao kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>DNS phi t\u1eadp trung<\/strong>: V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 phi t\u1eadp trung nh\u01b0 blockchain, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n phi t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, cho ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c trang web c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n theo khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan, vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hosts_(file)\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Wikipedia \u2013 T\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/troubleshoot\/windows-server\/networking\/manage-the-hosts-file\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Microsoft Docs \u2013 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/geekflare.com\/hosts-file-usage\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Geekflare \u2013 C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (c\u00f3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/learning\/dns\/what-is-dns\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 DNS<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":477485,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477484","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Hosts file for Proxy Server Provider OneProxy (oneproxy.pro)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is the Hosts file, and how does it work?","answer":"<p>The Hosts file is a text file on your computer that maps hostnames to their corresponding IP addresses. When you access a website, your computer checks the Hosts file before querying a DNS server. If the hostname is found in the file, the associated IP address is used to connect to the website.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the history of the Hosts file?","answer":"<p>The Hosts file has its origins in the early days of ARPANET, the precursor to the modern internet. It was later replaced by the Domain Name System (DNS) in 1983 but continued to be used on individual systems for local hostname resolution.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is the Hosts file structured, and what does an entry look like?","answer":"<p>The Hosts file offers local overrides, offline testing capabilities, enhanced security, and potential speed improvements for frequently accessed websites.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of the Hosts file?","answer":"<p>There are two types of Hosts files: system-wide and user-specific. The system-wide file applies globally to all users, while the user-specific file affects only the specific user's account.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the types of Hosts files, and how do they differ?","answer":"<p>You can use the Hosts file to block unwanted websites or redirect domains to specific IP addresses. However, incorrect configurations can lead to problems accessing websites. Clearing the DNS cache or restarting your system can help resolve some issues.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can I use the Hosts file, and what problems might arise?","answer":"<p>The Hosts file provides local hostname resolution override, while DNS offers global domain name resolution. The Hosts file takes precedence over DNS resolution, making it useful for customizations on a local level.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does the Hosts file compare to DNS?","answer":"<p>As the internet evolves, the Hosts file is expected to coexist with advanced resolution technologies. It may find integration with security solutions and potentially support decentralized domain name resolution.<\/p>"},{"question":"What does the future hold for the Hosts file?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can work alongside the Hosts file for access control, geolocation bypass, and load balancing, enhancing network performance and security.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers be associated with the Hosts file?","answer":""}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477484\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}