{"id":477394,"date":"2023-08-09T09:12:24","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:12:24","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:39","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:39","slug":"gssapi","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/gssapi\/","title":{"rendered":"GSSAPI"},"content":{"rendered":"

GSSAPI, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Giao di\u1ec7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt chung, l\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. GSSAPI \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a GSSAPI v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n

GSSAPI l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Athena t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Massachusetts (MIT). M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t API ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a GSSAPI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb RFC 1508, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1993, c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cGiao di\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt chung\u201d. RFC n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a GSSAPI, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp theo trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 GSSAPI: M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 GSSAPI<\/h2>\n

GSSAPI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cung c\u1ea5p hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n

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  1. \n

    X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c: GSSAPI cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n. N\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Kerberos, NTLM (Windows NT LAN Manager) v\u00e0 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: Sau khi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, GSSAPI t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    GSSAPI ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi API, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. C\u00e1c m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y mang th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a GSSAPI: GSSAPI ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch GSSAPI ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3:<\/p>\n

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    1. \n

      T\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GSSAPI ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi t\u1edbi API c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. GSSAPI cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh: Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh GSSAPI b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o: GSSAPI sau \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. C\u00e1c m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh. Token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: Khi m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, GSSAPI s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      Giao ti\u1ebfp an to\u00e0n: V\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a GSSAPI<\/h2>\n

      GSSAPI cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

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        S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p:<\/strong> GSSAPI tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> GSSAPI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        Uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n:<\/strong> API cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n linh ho\u1ea1t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n

        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c:<\/strong> GSSAPI th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      5. \n

        B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd:<\/strong> B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh an to\u00e0n, GSSAPI \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh vi truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      6. \n

        Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a:<\/strong> C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p GSSAPI t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong m\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i GSSAPI<\/h2>\n

        GSSAPI h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        Kerberos<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        NTLM<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Windows \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. NTLM d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SPNEGO<\/td>\nC\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n GSSAPI \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. SPNEGO cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        X.509<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GSSAPI, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n

        GSSAPI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng email v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy. C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 do OneProxy cung c\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng GSSAPI \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GSSAPI:<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. \n

          D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web:<\/strong> GSSAPI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong> GSSAPI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i email, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        3. \n

          \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n (SSO):<\/strong> GSSAPI, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u00e0nh cho Kerberos v\u00e0 SPNEGO, mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m SSO li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/h3>\n
            \n
          1. \n

            \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p GSSAPI v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c GSSAPI h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3. \n

            Chi ph\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> GSSAPI b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed do t\u00ednh to\u00e1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n

            D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh GSSAPI v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            GSSAPI<\/td>\nAPI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            OAuth<\/td>\nKhung \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thay m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web v\u00e0 API. GSSAPI t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n, trong khi OAuth nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            SSL\/TLS<\/td>\nC\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n qua m\u1ea1ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng duy\u1ec7t web v\u00e0 email. GSSAPI ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf l\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. SSL\/TLS cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            SAML<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean XML \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n (SSO). Trong khi GSSAPI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho SSO, SAML t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn GSSAPI<\/h2>\n

            Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, GSSAPI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao:<\/strong> GSSAPI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1edbi h\u01a1n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e2ng cao.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              T\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Khi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, GSSAPI d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            3. \n

              T\u00edch h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p GSSAPI v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi GSSAPI<\/h2>\n

              M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi GSSAPI, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GSSAPI bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \n

                X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GSSAPI \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              2. \n

                \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n (SSO):<\/strong> S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a GSSAPI d\u00e0nh cho Kerberos v\u00e0 SPNEGO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m SSO li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              3. \n

                M\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng GSSAPI \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

                \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 GSSAPI v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. RFC 2743 \u2013 Giao di\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt chung Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 2, C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt 1<\/a><\/li>\n
                2. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Kerberos c\u1ee7a MIT<\/a><\/li>\n
                3. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c Microsoft NTLM<\/a><\/li>\n
                4. IETF \u2013 Khu v\u1ef1c an ninh<\/a><\/li>\n
                5. Khung \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n OAuth 2.0<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, GSSAPI \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y nay. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, GSSAPI d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":477395,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477394","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about GSSAPI: The Key to Secure Authentication in Proxy Servers<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is GSSAPI and how does it work?","answer":"

                  GSSAPI, or Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface, is a standardized interface that provides authentication and security services for applications. It allows applications to access security services in a consistent manner, ensuring secure communication between clients and servers. GSSAPI operates through API calls, facilitating security token exchange and establishing a secure context between the client and server for encrypted communication.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the history behind GSSAPI?","answer":"

                  GSSAPI originated in the late 1980s as part of the Project Athena effort at MIT. The goal was to create a standardized API that could integrate authentication and security services into applications without the need for application-specific changes. The first formal specification of GSSAPI can be traced back to RFC 1508, published in 1993, which laid the foundation for subsequent improvements.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of GSSAPI?","answer":"

                  GSSAPI offers vendor independence, scalability, and flexibility. It supports various security mechanisms, such as Kerberos, NTLM, SPNEGO, and X.509. GSSAPI ensures robust security through mutual authentication and secure context establishment. Its consistent interface simplifies application development and fosters interoperability between different platforms.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is GSSAPI different from SSL\/TLS and SAML?","answer":"

                  While SSL\/TLS is focused on providing transport-level encryption and authentication, GSSAPI operates at the application layer, providing a higher level of abstraction for security services. SAML, on the other hand, is an XML-based standard for exchanging authentication and authorization data in Single Sign-On scenarios, whereas GSSAPI can also handle SSO but emphasizes broader secure communication needs.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives of GSSAPI?","answer":"

                  In the future, GSSAPI is likely to include enhanced security mechanisms and integration with modern protocols. It may also explore blockchain integration for innovative identity verification solutions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers benefit from GSSAPI?","answer":"

                  Proxy servers can leverage GSSAPI for secure authentication and context establishment. GSSAPI ensures secure communication between clients and servers, offers SSO capabilities, and provides encryption for data protection.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can I learn more about GSSAPI and its implementation?","answer":"

                  For more in-depth information about GSSAPI, you can refer to the RFC 2743, explore the MIT Kerberos documentation, and review the Microsoft NTLM Authentication Protocol Specification. Additionally, you can visit the IETF Security Area and the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework resources for related security topics.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477394\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477395"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}