{"id":477335,"date":"2023-08-09T09:11:08","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:11:08","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:31","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:31","slug":"generic-routing-encapsulation","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/generic-routing-encapsulation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung (GRE) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3i m\u1ea1ng b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i IP kh\u00e1c. GRE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o (VPN) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c k\u00eanh li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 GRE v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, lo\u1ea1i, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong RFC 1701 v\u00e0 RFC 1702 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994 b\u1edfi Tony Li v\u00e0 Paul Traina. C\u00e1c RFC n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u GRE nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng qua m\u1ea1ng IP. GRE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o qua Internet c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 theo \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung<\/h2>\n<p>GRE ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c g\u00f3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 IPv4, IPv6 ho\u1eb7c IPX, trong c\u00e1c g\u00f3i IP, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho c\u00e1c g\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i n\u00e0y. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u00f3i g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi qua m\u1ea1ng trung gian. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c g\u00f3i GRE s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i n\u00e9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung \u2013 GRE ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i GRE bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 IP ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, theo sau l\u00e0 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 GRE. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 GRE ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Lo\u1ea1i giao th\u1ee9c<\/strong>: Cho bi\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang trong g\u00f3i GRE. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i l\u00e0 g\u00f3i IPv4, g\u00f3i IPv6 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m GRE c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 g\u00f3i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, GRE cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c k\u00eanh li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c \u0111a \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111a \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a GRE khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a GRE khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>: GRE cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m trong m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m<\/strong>: C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a GRE cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o qua Internet c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: GRE kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a GRE gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ea1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i GRE ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Ki\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>GRE qua IP<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i GRE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng IP. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>GRE qua IPv6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IPv6 l\u00e0m giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i cho c\u00e1c g\u00f3i GRE. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p GRE ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng IPv6.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>GRE t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o (VPN)<\/strong>: GRE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c k\u00eanh li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf xa, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd li\u00ean l\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Multicast<\/strong>: GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng multicast gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 multicast.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/strong>: GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GRE, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/strong>: GRE gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng tin ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ed5 sung, t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00f3i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 GRE cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 GRE, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn GRE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 IPsec v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>GRE<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>IPsec<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>L2TP<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Lo\u1ea1i giao th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td>Cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean IP<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng IP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean<\/strong>: GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bi\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eadp trung trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i IoT<\/strong>: GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c k\u00eanh li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n trong m\u1ea1ng IoT, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1ea1ng 5G<\/strong>: GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean l\u1ea1c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u1ea1ng 5G, n\u01a1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p GRE v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>VPN qua proxy<\/strong>: GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPN th\u00f4ng qua m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i<\/strong>: GRE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7i trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n<\/strong>: GRE cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1701\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 1701<\/a> \u2013 \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung (GRE)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1702\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 1702<\/a> \u2013 \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung qua m\u1ea1ng IPv4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chung, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy nh\u01b0 OneProxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a GRE ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":477336,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477335","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) in Proxy Server Technology<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"<strong>What is Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) and how is it used in networking?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) is a tunneling protocol used in computer networking to encapsulate one or more network packets inside another IP packet. It allows the creation of secure communication channels between different networks or hosts by encapsulating diverse network protocols within IP packets. GRE finds applications in Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), multicast traffic forwarding, and overlay networks, providing versatility and flexibility in networking environments.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>When and by whom was GRE first proposed?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>GRE was first proposed in 1994 by Tony Li and Paul Traina in RFC 1701 and RFC 1702. These RFCs introduced GRE as a mechanism to encapsulate multiple network layer protocols over IP networks, primarily to enable the creation of virtual private networks over the public Internet.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How does Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) work internally?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>GRE works by encapsulating packets from one network protocol, such as IPv4, IPv6, or IPX, within IP packets. The GRE header contains fields like Protocol Type, Key, and Sequence Number, allowing for the identification of the encapsulated payload and facilitating point-to-point or multipoint-to-multipoint communication channels.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the key features of GRE?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>The key features of GRE include its versatility in encapsulating various network protocols, providing a certain level of security, enabling the creation of virtual private networks, compatibility with different routing infrastructures, and scalability for large-scale network deployments.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the different types of Generic Routing Encapsulation?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>There are two main types of GRE encapsulation:<\/p><ol><li>GRE over IP: The most common type where GRE packets are carried over an IP network, allowing the encapsulation of various network protocols.<\/li><li>GRE over IPv6: A variant that uses IPv6 as the transport protocol for GRE packets, enabling GRE to operate over IPv6 networks.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"<strong>How can GRE be used with proxy servers and what benefits does it offer?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>GRE can be combined with proxy server technology to establish VPN connections over proxies, providing users access to restricted content with enhanced security and privacy. It also facilitates load balancing, fault tolerance, and secure communication between proxy servers and clients.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What challenges may arise when using GRE, and how can they be addressed?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Challenges related to GRE usage include increased overhead due to additional header information, security concerns that may require additional encryption, and potential compatibility issues with some firewalls and routers. These challenges can be addressed by using hardware-accelerated GRE routers, implementing encryption protocols like IPsec, and ensuring compatibility with network devices.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the future perspectives of Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) in networking?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>GRE is likely to remain relevant in networking and proxy server technologies, especially in emerging trends like edge computing, IoT connectivity, and 5G networking. Its versatility and ability to encapsulate diverse network protocols make it suitable for future network communication needs.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>Where can I find more information about Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>For more information about GRE, you can refer to the following resources:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1701\" target=\"_new\">RFC 1701<\/a> - Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1702\" target=\"_new\">RFC 1702<\/a> - Generic Routing Encapsulation over IPv4 networks<\/li><\/ul><p>Explore the power and potential of GRE in networking and proxy server technology with OneProxy's comprehensive encyclopedia article!<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477335\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}