{"id":477304,"date":"2023-08-09T09:10:23","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:10:23","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:26","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:26","slug":"free-software","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/free-software\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y g\u00f3i g\u1ecdn tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y, chia s\u1ebb, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<h2>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed: L\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 khi Richard Stallman, m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a MIT, kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng Phong tr\u00e0o Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m T\u1ef1 do. Kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c chia s\u1ebb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, Stallman \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 &#039;B\u1ed1n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do&#039; trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ef1 do 0: T\u1ef1 do ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n<li>Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do 1: T\u1ef1 do nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do 2: Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef1 do 3: Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1ea3n sao c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>D\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh GNU, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1983. GNU l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec7 quy c\u1ee7a &#039;GNU&#039;s Not Unix&#039;, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, gi\u1ed1ng Unix.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh n\u00f3 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p>Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1edf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u00e3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ed7i, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t &#039;m\u1edf&#039; c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ea5p cao nh\u01b0 Python, Java, C++ ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u00e3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 GitHub, GitLab ho\u1eb7c SourceForge, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 &#039;ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh&#039; (sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i) c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, sao ch\u00e9p, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Minh b\u1ea1ch:<\/strong> V\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edf, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong b\u1ea3ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<td>GNU\/Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng s\u1edf<\/td>\n<td>LibreOffice, OpenOffice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web<\/td>\n<td>Mozilla Firefox, Crom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda<\/td>\n<td>GIMP, Inkscape<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IDE l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td>Eclipse, Atom, M\u00e3 Visual Studio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td>MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>VLC, t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>May chu\u0309<\/td>\n<td>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP Apache, nginx, Tomcat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed: Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u1ee6ng h\u1ed9:<\/strong> V\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c k\u00eanh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n, danh s\u00e1ch g\u1eedi th\u01b0 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 StackOverflow. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia khi c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<h2>So s\u00e1nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed:<\/strong> Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng; ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf:<\/strong> T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c m\u1edf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 AI, Machine Learning, IoT, Blockchain, v.v. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: TensorFlow, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf d\u00e0nh cho Machine Learning v\u00e0 AI, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy<\/h2>\n<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Squid, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, h\u00e3y truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fsf.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed (FSF)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gnu.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh GNU<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/opensource.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf (OSI)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sourceforge.net\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">SourceForge \u2013 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">GitHub \u2013 N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.squid-cache.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy m\u1ef1c<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi cho quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":468446,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477304","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Free Software: An Open Revolution in Digital Technology<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is free software?","answer":"<p>Free software refers to programs and applications that can be freely used, distributed, and modified. It emphasizes user rights to run, share, study, and alter the software, promoting transparency, user control, and the unrestricted dissemination of knowledge and innovation in the software industry.<\/p>"},{"question":"Who initiated the Free Software Movement and when?","answer":"<p>The Free Software Movement was initiated by Richard Stallman, a computer programmer at MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, in the early 1980s. The first major project under this movement was the GNU operating system, launched in 1983.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the 'Four Freedoms' of software usage in free software?","answer":"<p>The 'Four Freedoms' of software usage include: Freedom 0 - the freedom to run the program as you wish; Freedom 1 - the freedom to study and modify the program's source code; Freedom 2 - the freedom to redistribute copies of the software; Freedom 3 - the freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does free software differ from proprietary software?","answer":"<p>Free software fundamentally differs from proprietary software by granting users access to its source code. This allows users to study how the software works, or customize it to suit their needs, a feature not available with proprietary software.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some examples of free software?","answer":"<p>Examples of free software include GNU\/Linux (operating system), LibreOffice (office suite), Mozilla Firefox (web browser), GIMP (graphic editor), Eclipse (programming IDE), MySQL (database), and VLC (media player), among others.<\/p>"},{"question":"What challenges can users face while using free software and how can these be addressed?","answer":"<p>Users might find free software complex to use and may lack dedicated customer service or official support channels. However, these issues are often mitigated by vibrant community support available in forums, mailing lists, and online platforms. Many free software projects also offer paid professional support.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the differences between free software, open-source software, and freeware?","answer":"<p>While free software emphasizes user freedoms, open-source software focuses on technical benefits such as increased quality, reliability, and flexibility. Freeware refers to software available for use at no monetary cost, but usually does not provide access to source code or the freedoms to modify or distribute the software.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the role of free software in future technologies?","answer":"<p>Free software is likely to play an integral role in the development of emerging technologies like AI, Machine Learning, IoT, and Blockchain due to its open collaboration model.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can free software be associated with proxy servers?","answer":"<p>Free software can offer a range of tools for setting up and managing proxy servers. With these tools, users can set up their own proxy servers, customize their operations, and ensure data privacy and security.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some resources for more information about free software?","answer":"<p>Some resources for more information on free software include the Free Software Foundation (FSF), the GNU Operating System website, Open Source Initiative (OSI), SourceForge, GitHub, and the Squid Proxy Server website.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477304\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}