{"id":477298,"date":"2023-08-09T09:10:23","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:10:23","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:26","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:26","slug":"fragment-overlap-attack","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/fragment-overlap-attack\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1ea1ng tinh vi nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thao t\u00fang ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh g\u00f3i. N\u00f3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3.<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh g\u00f3i c\u00f3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Internet khi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i \u0111a (MTU) kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u0103m 1981, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 RFC 791 c\u1ee7a Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn (TCP) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c g\u00f3i l\u1edbn \u0111i qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 MTU nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c chia c\u00e1c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi v\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh g\u00f3i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985 trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cS\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a TCP\/IP\u201d c\u1ee7a Noel Chiappa. \u00d4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n IP ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i g\u00f3i.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1.<\/h2>\n<p>Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o nh\u1eb1m khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i g\u00f3i. Khi c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00f3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 g\u00f3i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng T\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (DoS) ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o Fragment. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1.<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh g\u00f3i<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c g\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00fang qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n<\/strong>: C\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng t\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i g\u00f3i<\/strong>: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00f3i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o<\/strong>: C\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Khai th\u00e1c<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 do c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1.<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o Fragment bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>t\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh<\/strong>: C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n do ch\u00fang khai th\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh g\u00f3i, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Che gi\u1ea5u t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n\/ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft.<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o<\/td>\n<td>Thao t\u00e1c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng offset trong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o<\/td>\n<td>S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i trong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u1edd ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o<\/td>\n<td>Khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c c\u1edd trong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1edd \u201cth\u00eam ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n\u201d, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o<\/td>\n<td>Che gi\u1ea5u t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/td>\n<td>G\u1eedi c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p l\u1ea1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5p Fragment, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>L\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (DoS)<\/strong>: C\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng DoS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1<\/strong>: Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp (IDS)<\/strong>: N\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a IDS \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c thi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch.<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>Khai th\u00e1c ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh g\u00f3i<\/td>\n<td>G\u1eedi c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00e1ch quan<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c.<\/td>\n<td>L\u00e0m h\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00edch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m<\/td>\n<td>Truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p, DoS, vi ph\u1ea1m<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/td>\n<td>1985<\/td>\n<td>1997<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1.<\/h2>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p l\u1ea1i<\/strong>: C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean AI<\/strong>: C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp do AI \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1.<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o Fragment:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o M\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea3nh, vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc791\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 791 \u2013 Giao th\u1ee9c Internet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/html\/rfc815\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">S\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a TCP\/IP \u2013 L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o Fragment.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":477299,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477298","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Fragment Overlap Attack: Unveiling the Perils of Packet Manipulation<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a Fragment overlap attack?","answer":"<p>A Fragment overlap attack is a sophisticated cyber threat that manipulates packet fragmentation to deceive network security systems and gain unauthorized access to sensitive information or disrupt communication.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did Fragment overlap attacks originate?","answer":"<p>The concept of packet fragmentation, which forms the basis for Fragment overlap attacks, was introduced in the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) specification RFC 791 in 1981. The first mention of potential vulnerabilities related to packet fragmentation was in an advisory titled \"The fragility of TCP\/IP\" by Noel Chiappa in 1985.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does a Fragment overlap attack work?","answer":"<p>A Fragment overlap attack involves crafting malicious packets with intentionally overlapping data fragments. When these packets reach their destination, the receiving system attempts to reassemble them, but the overlapping fragments create ambiguity and confusion in the network stack.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Fragment overlap attacks?","answer":"<p>Fragment overlap attacks possess several key features, including stealthiness, payload concealment, and their ability to target diverse systems like firewalls and intrusion detection systems.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Fragment overlap attacks exist?","answer":"<p>There are various types of Fragment overlap attacks, including Overlapping Offset, Overlapping Length, Overlapping Flags, Overlapping Payload, and Teardrop Attack.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are Fragment overlap attacks used, and what problems can they cause?","answer":"<p>Fragment overlap attacks can be employed for data exfiltration or launching Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. They can lead to unauthorized data access, network breaches, or target system crashes. Solutions involve implementing robust reassembly algorithms and enhancing security measures in firewalls and intrusion detection systems.<\/p>"},{"question":"How do Fragment overlap attacks compare to Teardrop Attacks?","answer":"<p>Fragment overlap attacks exploit packet fragmentation, while Teardrop Attacks send malformed overlapping fragments to crash the target operating system. Fragment overlap attacks were first mentioned in 1985, while Teardrop Attacks were identified in 1997.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives for Fragment overlap attacks?","answer":"<p>The future of Fragment overlap attacks may involve improved reassembly algorithms and AI-based detection to better identify and mitigate such attacks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with Fragment overlap attacks?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can facilitate Fragment overlap attacks by obfuscating the attacker's origin. However, they can also play a protective role by inspecting and blocking overlapping fragments to defend against such attacks.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477298\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}