{"id":477165,"date":"2023-08-09T09:08:44","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:08:44","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:13","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:13","slug":"exterior-gateway-protocol","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/exterior-gateway-protocol\/","title":{"rendered":"Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (EGP), nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y nay, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Internet v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb (AS), l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn EGP l\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982, trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cEGP \u2013 Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng RFC 827. RFC, hay Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c , ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. RFC n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi Eric C. Rosen t\u1eeb Bolt Beranek v\u00e0 Newman Inc., c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Internet.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n<p>EGP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean internet. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb (AS) v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ISP ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p>EGP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5ng (b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng AS. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 EGP giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngang h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, EGP kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c chi ph\u00ed. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (IGP), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 RIP ho\u1eb7c OSPF, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n<p>EGP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn. Giao th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i tin nh\u1eafn: Hello\/I-Heard-You (IHU), Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 Th\u0103m d\u00f2 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>Tin nh\u1eafn Hello v\u00e0 IHU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, trong khi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 Th\u0103m d\u00f2 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>EGP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e2n c\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u1ed5ng l\u00f5i (b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn) v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean. Khi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, c\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean s\u1ebd g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o Th\u0103m d\u00f2 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn EGP \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng l\u00f5i, c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt EGP ch\u1ee9a danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ed5ng l\u00f5i. C\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a EGP bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mua l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m:<\/strong> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e2n c\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady:<\/strong> EGP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Giao th\u1ee9c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (UDP) \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf trao \u0111\u1ed5i tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng:<\/strong> EGP cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu:<\/strong> EGP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u0103m d\u00f2, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n<p>Theo th\u1eddi gian, nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Giao th\u1ee9c<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>EGP (Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng ngo\u00e0i)<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BGP (Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi)<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay, BGP ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n EGP. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IDRP (Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n)<\/td>\n<td>Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng EGP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>EGP ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5c internet. Tuy nhi\u00ean, giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf:<\/strong> EGP kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn trong khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p:<\/strong> EGP thi\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 n\u00e0o, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean internet, EGP ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u01b0 BGP. BGP cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 CIDR (\u0110\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i), cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2>So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<th>So s\u00e1nh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>IGP (Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9)<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 EGP, IGP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m OSPF v\u00e0 RIP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BGP (Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi)<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i EGP, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<td>BGP ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n EGP ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c AS ng\u00e0y nay.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn EGP<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 EGP ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi BGP nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb1ng sau vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn internet. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho IPv6 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng EGP ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 do OneProxy cung c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng internet r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn internet, bao g\u1ed3m BGP, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BGP ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c EGP kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BGP \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ISP kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng ngo\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc827\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 827 \u2013 \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt EGP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc4271\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 4271 \u2013 \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt BGP-4<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/border-gateway-protocol-bgp\/11761-33.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Cisco<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn internet hay mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 proxy y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":477166,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477165","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Exterior Gateway Protocol: The Backbone of Internet Routing<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is the Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)?","answer":"<p>Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is a distance-vector protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems on the internet. An autonomous system is a network or a collection of networks under the control of one entity, like an ISP or a large corporate organization. EGP simply propagates routing information and relies on interior gateway protocols (IGP) to select the optimal path.<\/p>"},{"question":"When was the Exterior Gateway Protocol first mentioned?","answer":"<p>The first mention of the Exterior Gateway Protocol was in 1982, in a document titled \"EGP \u2013 Exterior Gateway Protocol,\" published as RFC 827.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does the Exterior Gateway Protocol work?","answer":"<p>EGP works by establishing a neighbor relationship between a core gateway (router) and an edge gateway. Once this relationship is formed, the edge gateway sends an EGP Poll message to the core gateway, which responds with an EGP Update message that contains a list of networks that can be reached via the core gateway. The edge gateway can then update its routing table accordingly.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of the Exterior Gateway Protocol?","answer":"<p>The key features of EGP include Neighbor Acquisition, Reliable Transport, Network Reachability Information Exchange, and a Polling Mechanism.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Exterior Gateway Protocols exist?","answer":"<p>The different types of exterior gateway protocols include the original EGP, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), and the Inter-Domain Routing Protocol (IDRP).<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the challenges associated with the use of the Exterior Gateway Protocol?","answer":"<p>Some challenges associated with EGP include Limited Routing Metrics, absence of Loop Prevention Mechanism, and Scalability Issues.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers related to the Exterior Gateway Protocol?","answer":"<p>While proxy servers themselves do not directly use EGP or other routing protocols, their functionality is closely tied to the efficient operation of these protocols. Proxy servers serve as intermediaries between clients and the wider internet. They rely on the proper functioning of internet routing protocols, including BGP, to ensure that client requests are sent to the right servers and responses returned in a timely manner. In some cases, proxy servers may be part of networks that utilize BGP or other EGPs.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477165\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}