{"id":477143,"date":"2023-08-09T09:08:09","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:08:09","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:06","slug":"executable-and-link-format-elf","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/executable-and-link-format-elf\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi, m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t l\u00f5i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng Unix. N\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. ELF \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF) v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ELF \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng a.out c\u0169 h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Unix. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec7p linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i Unix. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ELF b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong \u1ee7y ban Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Giao di\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (TIS), sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u1ee7y ban Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Giao di\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (TIS) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 (ANSI).<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ELF xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Unix System V Release 4 (SVR4), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c AT&amp;T ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1988. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 SVR4 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ELF, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Unix kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Linux.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec7p ELF bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ELF<\/strong>: Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng ELF, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y, \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c trong t\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n<\/strong>: C\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n trong t\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u1ea3ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3ng chu\u1ed7i. M\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/strong>: Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng, v.v.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/strong>: B\u1ea3ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tham chi\u1ebfu trong t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean h\u00e0m v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng chu\u1ed7i<\/strong>: B\u1ea3ng chu\u1ed7i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ean k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ean ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung khi ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)<\/h3>\n<p>Khi t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ELF \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ELF \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung, v.v.) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o. Sau \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i, \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong>: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ELF cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: ELF cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chung, gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea3ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u trong t\u1ec7p ELF h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tham chi\u1ebfu b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ELF th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p ELF ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (ET_EXEC)<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c thi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb (ET_DYN)<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y khi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ET_REL)<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n trung gian c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p ELF:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi<\/td>\n<td>M\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb<\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft khi ch\u1ea1y.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n trung gian trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft (ELF), c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ELF l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng Unix. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung v\u00e0 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1o, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p ELF:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ELF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch khi di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau. Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ch\u00e9o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u201cqemu\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>: Li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng, tuy c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e3, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t m\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ELF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u201cgdb\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh ELF v\u1edbi hai \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o<\/th>\n<th>ELF<\/th>\n<th>COFF (\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung)<\/th>\n<th>Mach-O (\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mach)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Unix<\/td>\n<td>Microsoft<\/td>\n<td>macOS v\u00e0 iOS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00fang<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00fang<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00fang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00fang<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00fang<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00fang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n<td>D\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Apple<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<td>Linux, Unix, BSD, macOS<\/td>\n<td>Windows, Xbox, AIX<\/td>\n<td>macOS, iOS, watchOS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ELF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng Unix v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, ELF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong quy tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p ELF.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF)<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 do OneProxy cung c\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ELF theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ELF, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc<\/strong>: Proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ELF \u0111i qua m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, l\u1ecdc ra n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p ELF tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi (ELF), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Executable_and_Link_Format\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Li\u00ean k\u1ebft 1: Wikipedia \u2013 \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/refspecs.linuxbase.org\/elf\/tis\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Li\u00ean k\u1ebft 2: \u1ee6y ban Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Giao di\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (TIS)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u ELF l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ed1ng Unix. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai tham gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":468348,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477143","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Executable and Link Format (ELF): A Comprehensive Overview<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Executable and Link Format (ELF)?","answer":"<p>Executable and Link Format (ELF) is a file format used for executables, object code, shared libraries, and core dumps on Unix-like operating systems. It provides the necessary information for the operating system and dynamic linker to load, link, and execute programs efficiently.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did ELF originate?","answer":"<p>The ELF format was developed in the late 1980s to replace the older a.out format used in Unix systems. Its first formal specification appeared in System V Release 4 (SVR4) Unix operating system, released in 1988 by AT&amp;T.<\/p>"},{"question":"What does the internal structure of ELF entail?","answer":"<p>The internal structure of ELF consists of an ELF header, section headers, program headers, symbol table, string table, and dynamic linking information. Each section serves a specific purpose, allowing for efficient loading and execution of binaries.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does ELF work?","answer":"<p>When an ELF binary is executed, the operating system's loader reads the ELF header to determine the file type and entry point. It then maps the relevant program segments into memory, resolving dynamic linking dependencies, and initializes the program for execution.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of ELF?","answer":"<p>ELF's key features include flexibility in supporting various architectures, dynamic linking for shared libraries, symbol management for debugging, and its segmented structure for efficient loading.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of ELF files exist?","answer":"<p>There are three main types of ELF files: Executable (ET_EXEC), Shared Object (ET_DYN), and Object File (ET_REL).<\/p>"},{"question":"How is ELF used and what are the associated challenges?","answer":"<p>ELF is primarily used for executing and managing binary files on Unix-like systems. Challenges may include compatibility issues, security concerns related to dynamic linking, and complexities in debugging.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does ELF compare with other file formats?","answer":"<p>ELF is commonly compared with COFF and Mach-O formats. Each format is associated with specific operating systems and machine architectures.<\/p>"},{"question":"What does the future hold for ELF?","answer":"<p>The future of ELF may involve security enhancements and performance optimizations to keep up with evolving technology and industry needs.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers be associated with ELF?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers, like OneProxy, can interact with ELF files by caching content, ensuring security and filtering, and optimizing load balancing for improved resource utilization.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477143\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}