{"id":476958,"date":"2023-08-09T09:05:36","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:05:36","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:45","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:45","slug":"document-object-model-dom","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/document-object-model-dom\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 JavaScript. N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 logic v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 HTML ho\u1eb7c XML, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<h2>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m DOM l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 do nhu c\u1ea7u cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung web t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i JavaScript, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o API ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a DOM.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 DOM ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, DOM C\u1ea5p 1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c W3C gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1998. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u HTML ho\u1eb7c XML, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)<\/h2>\n<p>DOM v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n trung l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed9i dung, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>DOM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c n\u00fat, m\u1ed7i n\u00fat \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2y logic n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u HTML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 \u201cbody\u201d, \u201cdiv\u201d, \u201cspan\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cp\u201d, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a DOM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y c\u00e1c n\u00fat. N\u00fat tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 <code data-no-translation=\"\">Document<\/code> n\u00fat, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, <code data-no-translation=\"\">Element<\/code> c\u00e1c n\u00fat t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n HTML trong trang, <code data-no-translation=\"\">Attribute<\/code> c\u00e1c n\u00fat gi\u1eef c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 <code data-no-translation=\"\">Text<\/code> c\u00e1c n\u00fat gi\u1eef n\u1ed9i dung v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e2y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c API \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn, t\u1ea1o, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a c\u00e1c n\u00fat.<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u HTML tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y DOM:<\/p>\n<pre><div class=\"bg-black rounded-md mb-4\"><div class=\"flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md\"><span>to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc<\/span><button class=\"flex ml-auto gap-2\"><svg stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"2\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"h-4 w-4\" height=\"1em\" width=\"1em\" ><path d=\"M16 4h2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h2\"><\/path><rect x=\"8\" y=\"2\" width=\"8\" height=\"4\" rx=\"1\" ry=\"1\"><\/rect><\/svg>Sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e3<\/button><\/div><div class=\"p-4 overflow-y-auto\"><code class=\"!whitespace-pre hljs language-mathematica\" data-no-translation=\"\"><span class=\"hljs-variable\">Document<\/span>\n    \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Element<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">html<\/span>\n        \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Element<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">head<\/span>\n            \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Element<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">title<\/span>\n                \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Text<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Title of the Document\"<\/span>\n        \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Element<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">body<\/span>\n            \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Element<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">h1<\/span>\n                \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Text<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Hello, world!\"<\/span>\n            \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Element<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">p<\/span>\n                \u21b3 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Text<\/span><span class=\"hljs-operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"This is a paragraph.\"<\/span>\n<\/code><\/div><\/div><\/pre>\n<h2>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2y<\/strong>: DOM th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2y logic, gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trung l\u1eadp<\/strong>: DOM kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong HTML, XML v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: DOM cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed9i dung, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a<\/strong>: DOM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n W3C, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 DOM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u201cc\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cm\u00f4-\u0111un\u201d, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>C\u1ea5p\/Lo\u1ea1i DOM<\/th>\n<th>M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DOM c\u1ea5p 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u HTML ho\u1eb7c XML, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DOM c\u1ea5p 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng gian t\u00ean, m\u00f4-\u0111un ki\u1ec3u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 CSS v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao di\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, v.v.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DOM c\u1ea5p 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00e3 th\u00eam h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho XPath v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u00e0n ph\u00edm, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u01b0u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DOM c\u1ea5p 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a DOM c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng d\u00e0nh cho ph\u1ee5 huynh \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c n\u00fat d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)<\/h2>\n<p>DOM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed7i khi trang web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thao t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng JavaScript. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 API n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 web.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DOM \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a trang web m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 trang, cho ph\u00e9p giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, DOM kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1eadm n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Thao t\u00e1c DOM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t trang ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c framework nh\u01b0 jQuery, React ho\u1eb7c Vue.js, nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p API c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c DOM hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh DOM v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<th>So s\u00e1nh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DOM<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>API d\u00e0nh cho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u HTML v\u00e0 XML, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thao t\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3.<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CSSOM<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>CSS Object Model (CSSOM) l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 DOM nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho CSS. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho DOM.<\/td>\n<td>Trong khi DOM t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u00ec CSSOM t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u1edbp tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>B\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i DOM<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y DOM \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Web. N\u00f3 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a DOM \u0111\u1ec3 \u201c\u1ea9n\u201d ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi c\u00e2y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh.<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 DOM th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, Shadow DOM cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 web ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, API DOM c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thao t\u00e1c DOM hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n web m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 HTML.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Web, cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u1ebb HTML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi Shadow DOM, cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed DOM.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung gian chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Trong khi DOM ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web \u1edf ph\u00eda m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch th\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam, x\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n DOM trong trang web tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u00e8n t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh, x\u00f3a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/API\/Document_Object_Model\/Introduction\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u web MDN: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dom.spec.whatwg.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DOM W3C<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/javascript.info\/dom\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Th\u00f4ng tin JavaScript: DOM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/web\/updates\/2018\/09\/inside-browser-part1\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 web c\u1ee7a Google: C\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u1ed5ng quan n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (DOM), ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. DOM v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 web ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":468251,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476958","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Document Object Model (DOM): A Comprehensive Overview<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is the Document Object Model (DOM)?","answer":"<p>The Document Object Model (DOM) is an interface that allows developers to interact with web documents using scripting languages like JavaScript. It represents the contents of a web document, such as HTML or XML, in a structured, hierarchical, and logical tree-like structure.<\/p>"},{"question":"When was the Document Object Model (DOM) first introduced?","answer":"<p>The concept of the DOM came into existence in the mid-to-late 1990s, with the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) introducing the first standard DOM level, DOM Level 1, in 1998.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does the Document Object Model (DOM) work?","answer":"<p>The DOM works by representing a web document in a tree-like structure, with the topmost node being the <code>Document<\/code> node, representing the entire document. Below this, there are <code>Element<\/code> nodes, <code>Attribute<\/code> nodes, and <code>Text<\/code> nodes, each representing elements, attributes, and text within the document. This structure allows developers to navigate the document tree and use API methods to select, create, modify, or delete nodes.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of the Document Object Model (DOM)?","answer":"<p>The key features of the DOM include its tree-like structure, making it easy to navigate and manipulate; its language-neutrality, making it compatible with any programming language; its dynamic access and update capabilities; and its status as a W3C standard, ensuring widespread acceptance and compatibility.<\/p>"},{"question":"Are there different types of Document Object Model (DOM)?","answer":"<p>Yes, the DOM specification is divided into several \"levels\" and \"modules\", each adding features and functionality to the previous ones. These include DOM Level 1, DOM Level 2, DOM Level 3, and DOM Level 4.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is the Document Object Model (DOM) used?","answer":"<p>The DOM is used to dynamically change the look, feel, and content of a web page without requiring a full page reload. This makes for interactive and responsive user interfaces. However, the DOM can become slow if not used carefully, especially with large or complex web documents.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does the Document Object Model (DOM) relate to proxy servers?","answer":"<p>While the DOM is primarily concerned with the structure and manipulation of web documents on the client-side, proxy servers operate at the network level. However, they intersect when a proxy server modifies the contents of a web document before it reaches the client, such as injecting scripts, removing unwanted elements, or modifying content for localization or customization purposes.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives related to the Document Object Model (DOM)?","answer":"<p>The DOM API is likely to expand and improve as web technologies continue to evolve. Potential future developments include more efficient methods of manipulating the DOM, improved integration with emerging web standards, and the ongoing evolution of the HTML specification itself.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476958\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}