{"id":476929,"date":"2023-08-09T09:05:36","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:05:36","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:43","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:43","slug":"dns-reflection-attack","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/dns-reflection-attack\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c<\/h2>\n<p>Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n (DDoS) khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (DNS) \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n l\u1edbn. Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS m\u1edf, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2006. Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DDoS ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng botnet \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n DNS c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i g\u1eedi ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>IP ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ngu\u1ed3n trong g\u00f3i truy v\u1ea5n DNS \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>M\u1edf tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1eedi c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n DNS gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS. C\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong>: Tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS m\u1edf nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, g\u1eedi ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ban \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u00c1p \u0111\u1ea3o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/strong>: M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn, g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS<\/h2>\n<p>Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong>: Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 50 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 l\u1ea7n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y<\/strong>: Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb ph\u00eda k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi l\u00e0m quen. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS m\u1edf c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean internet c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n<\/strong>: Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DDoS kh\u00e1c, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Giao th\u1ee9c UDP<\/strong>: Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i Giao th\u1ee9c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (UDP), kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft tay nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n (TCP), khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i truy v\u1ea5n DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/th>\n<th>\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Truy v\u1ea5n chu\u1ea9n<\/td>\n<td>K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n DNS b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1eccI truy v\u1ea5n<\/td>\n<td>K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n DNS cho B\u1ea4T K\u1ef2 b\u1ea3n ghi n\u00e0o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Truy v\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<td>K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n cho c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Truy v\u1ea5n EDNS0<\/td>\n<td>K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho DNS (EDNS0) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, g\u00e2y ra th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Che gi\u1ea5u ngu\u1ed3n<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ngu\u1ed3n, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb IP c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7<\/strong>: C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, trong khi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7<\/strong>: Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP) v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i h\u1ecd g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c IP ngu\u1ed3n<\/strong>: Tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c IP ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS<\/strong>: Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>L\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i m\u1edf<\/strong>: ISP v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS \u0111ang m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch trong cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i DNS<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00e0n DNS<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>Khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1p \u0111\u1ea3o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng DNS c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<td>Cao (50-100x)<\/td>\n<td>Cao (10-100x)<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<td>T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n<p>Khi Internet ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i do c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu trong tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS m\u1edf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec3n khai DNSSEC (Ti\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n) v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i m\u1edf. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u00e2ng cao gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ISP v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS m\u1edf. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f3 t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy nh\u01b0 OneProxy ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh DNS, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cert.org\/incident-management\/knowledge-catalog\/Domain_Name_System_DNS_Amplification_Attacks.cfm\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i CERT: T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i DNS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.us-cert.gov\/ncas\/alerts\/TA13-088A\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o US-CERT: T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i DNS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/en-gb\/learning\/ddos\/dns-amplification-ddos-attack\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Cloudflare: T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i DNS<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":476930,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476929","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>DNS Reflection Attack: An Overview<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a DNS reflection attack?","answer":"<p>A DNS reflection attack is a type of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack that exploits the Domain Name System (DNS) to flood a target's infrastructure with a high volume of unwanted traffic. Attackers use open DNS resolvers to amplify the attack traffic, making it harder for the target to handle the influx of requests.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did DNS reflection attacks originate?","answer":"<p>DNS reflection attacks were first mentioned around 2006 when cybercriminals sought new tactics to bypass improved DDoS attack defenses. By spoofing the source IP address in DNS queries and using open resolvers, attackers could amplify their attack traffic and overwhelm the target.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does a DNS reflection attack work?","answer":"<p>A DNS reflection attack involves several steps:<\/p><ol><li>The attacker spoofs the source IP address in DNS queries to make it appear as if the requests are coming from the target.<\/li><li>These forged queries are sent to open DNS resolvers, which send much larger responses to the victim, amplifying the attack traffic.<\/li><li>The target becomes overwhelmed by the massive volume of traffic and may experience service degradation or complete unavailability.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"What are the key features of a DNS reflection attack?","answer":"<p>DNS reflection attacks are particularly effective due to:<\/p><ul><li>Amplification factor: Attack traffic can be amplified by 50 to 100 times, making even small queries generate large responses.<\/li><li>Ease of launch: The attack requires minimal resources, attracting novice attackers.<\/li><li>Distributed nature: Multiple sources participate in the attack, making it challenging to mitigate.<\/li><li>Use of UDP protocol: UDP packets are used, making it harder to trace back to the source.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"What types of DNS reflection attacks exist?","answer":"<p>DNS reflection attacks can be categorized based on the type of DNS query used and the response size. Common types include standard queries, ANY queries, non-existent queries, and EDNS0 queries.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are DNS reflection attacks used and how can they be countered?","answer":"<p>DNS reflection attacks are misused to disrupt services, mask the source, and divert security teams' attention. To counter these attacks, rate limiting, source IP validation, response size limits, and filtering open resolvers are effective solutions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does the future look for DNS reflection attacks?","answer":"<p>While DNS reflection attacks may persist, future technologies like DNSSEC and improved DNS resolver configurations can mitigate their impact. Enhanced monitoring and filtering mechanisms can also help prevent open resolvers from being exploited.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with DNS reflection attacks?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can inadvertently become part of DNS reflection attacks if misconfigured as open DNS resolvers. Proxy server providers like OneProxy must implement stringent security measures to prevent their servers from being exploited in such attacks.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476929","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476929\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/476930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476929"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}