{"id":476908,"date":"2023-08-09T09:05:02","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:05:02","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:39","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:39","slug":"dns-over-https","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/dns-over-https\/","title":{"rendered":"DNS qua HTTPS"},"content":{"rendered":"

DNS qua HTTPS (DoH) l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (DNS) v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n si\u00eau v\u0103n b\u1ea3n (HTTPS) \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS trong HTTPS, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb nghe l\u00e9n v\u00e0 thao t\u00fang, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ISP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean trung gian kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a DNS qua HTTPS v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3<\/h2>\n

DNS qua HTTPS ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2017 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Mozilla v\u00e0 Cloudflare nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 internet (ISP), ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n DNS c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng internet c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 DNS qua HTTPS. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 DNS qua HTTPS<\/h2>\n

DNS qua HTTPS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00f3i c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS trong c\u00e1c g\u00f3i HTTPS, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (TLS). M\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u1ed9i dung, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: www.example.com<\/a>) \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n DNS \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS. V\u1edbi DoH, thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng UDP ho\u1eb7c TCP truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng cho DNS, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n DNS qua c\u1ed5ng 443, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTPS. Truy v\u1ea5n DNS sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 DoH.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS qua HTTPS, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp trang web mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a DNS qua HTTPS. C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a DNS qua HTTPS<\/h2>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a DNS qua HTTPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/strong>: M\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS. Khi m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n DNS v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 qua k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i HTTPS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS qua HTTPS<\/strong>: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn truy v\u1ea5n DNS c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch qua HTTPS. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trung gian gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS, x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS. Tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp truy v\u1ea5n DNS \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS x\u1eed l\u00fd truy v\u1ea5n DNS v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng cho tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS-over-HTTPS, sau \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a DNS qua HTTPS<\/h2>\n

    DNS qua HTTPS cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      M\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/strong>: C\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng TLS, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb nghe tr\u1ed9m ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      T\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/strong>: TLS c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch \u0111ang li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb m\u1ea1o danh \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng trung gian.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      S\u1ef1 ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f3i quen duy\u1ec7t web c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. V\u1edbi DoH, ISP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean trung gian kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a DNS, DoH ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o DNS v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      Truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec DoH s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng HTTPS ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (443) n\u00ean DoH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong>: DoH c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung (CDN) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p DNS qua HTTPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i DNS qua HTTPS<\/h2>\n

      C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i tri\u1ec3n khai DNS qua HTTPS ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        DNS c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng qua d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 HTTPS<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS qua HTTPS c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cung c\u1ea5p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m Cloudflare, Google v\u00e0 Quad9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 DoH c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        DNS ri\u00eang qua m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 DoH c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DoH ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS cho m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n DNS kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn qua m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p DNS c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn qua HTTPS:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/th>\n\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/th>\nCh\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/th>\n\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u0110\u00e1m m\u00e2y b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t<\/td>\n1.1.1.1, 1.0.0.1<\/td>\nTr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS \u01b0u ti\u00ean quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/td>\nB\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Google<\/td>\n8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4<\/td>\nDNS c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Google<\/td>\nDuy\u1ec7t web an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 DNSSEC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Quad9<\/td>\n9.9.9.9<\/td>\nQuy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/td>\nL\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        OpenDNS<\/td>\n208.67.222.222<\/td>\n\u00d4 Cisco<\/td>\nL\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DNS qua HTTPS, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n

        Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eadt DNS qua HTTPS tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 DoH nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

        Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng DNS qua HTTPS:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n

          Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 DoH, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 mi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DNS qua HTTPS. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch DoH ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          Tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DoH ri\u00eang, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        3. \n

          Ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/strong>: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 DoH t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y lo ng\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p DNS c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng qua HTTPS v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng DoH gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c DNS.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n

          H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh DNS qua HTTPS v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \n

            DNS qua TLS (DoT)<\/strong>: T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 DoH, DNS over TLS m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TLS m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp HTTP. C\u1ea3 hai giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng DoH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda h\u01a1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng HTTPS ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            VPN (M\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o)<\/strong>: VPN c\u0169ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp internet, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 truy v\u1ea5n DNS, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c. VPN m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 VPN, trong khi DoH ch\u1ec9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS qua HTTPS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3. \n

            DNSSEC (Ti\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt DNS)<\/strong>: DNSSEC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u00e0nh cho DNS nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 DNSSEC v\u00e0 DoH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau. DNSSEC b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u DNS, trong khi DoH b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb nghe l\u00e9n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn DNS qua HTTPS<\/h2>\n

            DNS qua HTTPS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c h\u00fat \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n. Khi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u01b0u ti\u00ean quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, DoH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a DNS c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng qua c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HTTPS v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c DNS \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng DoH s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

            Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 DNS m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p DoH v\u1edbi DNSSEC ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecbt m\u1eaft DNS, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS.<\/p>\n

            C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi DNS qua HTTPS<\/h2>\n

            M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh DNS qua HTTPS, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c khi mu\u1ed1n \u1ea9n danh b\u1ed5 sung. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi DNS qua HTTPS:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf DNS<\/strong>: Trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng n\u01a1i DNS qua HTTPS b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn truy v\u1ea5n DNS c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DoH v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              \u1ea8n danh n\u00e2ng cao<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DoH, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u1ea9n danh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u1ecfi tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            3. \n

              C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<\/strong>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n DNS gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DoH, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i DNS th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            4. \n

              Tri\u1ec3n khai DoH t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/strong>: C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ri\u00eang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng DNS qua HTTPS, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 DNS c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

              \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 DNS qua HTTPS, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Mozilla Wiki \u2013 DNS qua HTTPS<\/a><\/li>\n
              2. Cloudflare \u2013 DNS qua HTTPS<\/a><\/li>\n
              3. DNS c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Google \u2013 DNS qua HTTPS<\/a><\/li>\n
              4. Quad9 \u2013 DNS qua HTTPS<\/a><\/li>\n
              5. IETF RFC 8484 \u2013 Truy v\u1ea5n DNS qua HTTPS (DoH)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, DNS qua HTTPS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao cho c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n DNS c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNS trong HTTPS, DNS qua HTTPS \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p. Khi internet ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, DNS qua HTTPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":476909,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476908","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about DNS over HTTPS: Enhancing Privacy and Security in the World of Proxy Servers<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is DNS over HTTPS (DoH)?","answer":"

                DNS over HTTPS (DoH) is a protocol that combines DNS and HTTPS to encrypt and secure DNS queries and responses. It prevents eavesdropping and manipulation of DNS traffic, enhancing user privacy and security during internet browsing.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does DNS over HTTPS work?","answer":"

                When a user wants to access a website, their device sends a DNS query to resolve the domain name to an IP address. With DoH, this query is encrypted within HTTPS and sent to a DNS-over-HTTPS resolver. The resolver then forwards the query to a DNS server, receives the encrypted response, and sends it back to the user's device, ensuring data confidentiality.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of DNS over HTTPS?","answer":"

                DNS over HTTPS offers encryption, authenticity, privacy, and improved security. It encrypts DNS queries, authenticates communication with DNS servers, prevents spying on users' DNS traffic, and safeguards against DNS spoofing and cache poisoning attacks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can I use DNS over HTTPS?","answer":"

                You can enable DNS over HTTPS on your devices or applications by configuring the DNS resolver settings. Some modern web browsers support DoH natively, making it easy to activate encrypted DNS resolution. Additionally, you can use public DNS over HTTPS services provided by companies like Cloudflare, Google, Quad9, or set up your private DoH server.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the types of DNS over HTTPS?","answer":"

                There are two main types of DNS over HTTPS implementations: public DNS over HTTPS services provided by third-party companies, and private DNS over HTTPS servers that users can set up for their networks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers be associated with DNS over HTTPS?","answer":"

                Proxy servers can complement DNS over HTTPS by allowing users to bypass DNS restrictions, enhance anonymity, and provide load balancing and caching capabilities. Organizations can also deploy private proxy servers with DoH support to have more control over their DNS traffic.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives of DNS over HTTPS?","answer":"

                DNS over HTTPS is expected to become more widely adopted as user awareness of online privacy increases. As technology evolves, it may be combined with DNSSEC or other privacy-preserving features. Additionally, more DNS operators may embrace DoH to enhance their services' security.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about DNS over HTTPS?","answer":"

                For more in-depth details about DNS over HTTPS, you can explore the Mozilla Wiki, Cloudflare, Google Public DNS, Quad9, and IETF RFC 8484 (DNS Queries over HTTPS). These resources provide comprehensive insights into the protocol and its implementation.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476908\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/476909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}