{"id":476858,"date":"2023-08-09T09:04:34","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:04:34","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:35","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:35","slug":"distance-vector","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/distance-vector\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00e9c t\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch Vector l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch trong m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n 'kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch' ho\u1eb7c 'chi ph\u00ed' li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Vector kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ARPANET (M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e2ng cao), ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a internet, v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n gi\u1ed1ng vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u0103m 1978 c\u1ee7a John McQuillan, Ira Richer v\u00e0 Eric Rosen. Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Giao th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn (RIP), s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

Trong m\u1ea1ng, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn. Giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, 'kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch' \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t n\u00fat c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn) v\u00e0 'vect\u01a1' \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi n\u00fat \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y ti\u1ebfp theo t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n m\u1ea1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Bellman-Ford ho\u1eb7c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Ford-Fulkerson.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chia s\u1ebb b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u00fat \u1edf xa h\u01a1n s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo chu k\u1ef3. Trong m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3, m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn s\u1ebd g\u1eedi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn s\u1ebd c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn r\u1ebb h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 h\u1eb9n gi\u1edd gi\u1eef.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Vector kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

Giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: Ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
  2. T\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng: M\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
  3. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3: Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
  4. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 xem h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 xem m\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i giao th\u1ee9c vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Giao th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn (RIP):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. RIP d\u1ec5 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf, ph\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c \u1edf r\u00eca c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 \u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00ec s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 15.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (IGRP):<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Cisco, IGRP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n RIP b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 n\u00e2ng cao (EIGRP):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Cisco k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 giao th\u1ee9c vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft, mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Giao th\u1ee9c<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/th>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n<\/th>\nH\u1ec7 m\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      X\u00c9<\/td>\n15<\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td>\nS\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      IGRP<\/td>\n100<\/td>\nCisco<\/td>\nB\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      EIGRP<\/td>\n100<\/td>\nCisco<\/td>\nB\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady, t\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trong vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

      Giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, \u00edt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n do t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

      Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn:<\/strong> Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn l\u1eb7p cho c\u00e1c g\u00f3i. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Split Horizon v\u00e0 Route Poisoning \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        \u0110\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn m\u1edbi. B\u1ed9 h\u1eb9n gi\u1edd gi\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        H\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ch\u1eadm:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn, giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 EIGRP, giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n

        C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c Distance Vector th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c Link-State. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/th>\nV\u00e9c t\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/th>\nLi\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/td>\n\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/td>\nPh\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nT\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n<\/td>\nT\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m<\/td>\nC\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5<\/td>\nCh\u1eadm (c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3)<\/td>\nNhanh ch\u00f3ng (c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt CPU v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u01a1n<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n

        Trong khi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 RIP v\u00e0 IGRP \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 BGP (Giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean internet, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c vect\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn\u2014m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

        Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (SDN), c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

        M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 Vector kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

        M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy.<\/p>\n

        B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 OneProxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

        Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Cisco v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn theo vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/a><\/li>\n
        2. M\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp Wikipedia v\u1ec1 Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn theo vect\u01a1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/a><\/li>\n
        3. RFC 1058 \u2013 Giao th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn<\/a><\/li>\n
        4. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 RIP c\u1ee7a Juniper<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":476859,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476858","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Distance Vector: The Backbone of Network Routing<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a Distance Vector?","answer":"

          A Distance Vector is a principle used in computer networking, particularly for routing protocols. It determines the best path for data packets to travel to their destination within a network by calculating the 'distance' or 'cost' associated with each possible path.<\/p>"},{"question":"When and where was the Distance Vector concept first introduced?","answer":"

          The concept of Distance Vector routing algorithms traces back to the early days of the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The first implementation of a Distance Vector-like algorithm was seen in the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), proposed in a 1978 paper by John McQuillan, Ira Richer, and Eric Rosen.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Distance Vector work?","answer":"

          Each router in a network maintains a routing table, which includes the least cost path to every other router and the next hop towards that path. In Distance Vector protocols, each router transmits its entire routing table to its immediate neighbors, which then update their own tables based on the information received. This process repeats until all routers have consistent routing information.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some key features of Distance Vector protocols?","answer":"

          Key features of Distance Vector protocols include simplicity, self-starting capability, periodic updates, and limited view of the network.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Distance Vector protocols exist?","answer":"

          Common types of Distance Vector protocols include Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP).<\/p>"},{"question":"What problems can Distance Vector protocols encounter and how are they solved?","answer":"

          Distance Vector protocols can encounter problems like routing loops and count-to-infinity, which can be mitigated using techniques like split horizon, route poisoning, and hold-down timers.<\/p>"},{"question":"How do Distance Vector protocols compare with Link-State protocols?","answer":"

          Distance Vector protocols are simpler and better suited for smaller networks but have a limited network view and slower convergence time. Link-State protocols are more complex, suitable for larger networks, have a complete view of the network topology, and faster convergence time.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the future of Distance Vector protocols?","answer":"

          While traditional Distance Vector protocols are becoming less common, the principles underlying these protocols are still applicable in modern networks. For example, BGP, a protocol used for routing between autonomous systems on the internet, uses path-vector protocols\u2014a variant of Distance Vector.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with Distance Vector?","answer":"

          While proxy servers don't typically use Distance Vector protocols for routing decisions, understanding these protocols provides a foundational understanding of how data traverses networks, including those involving proxy servers. This knowledge aids in optimizing the performance and reliability of proxy server services.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476858\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/476859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}