{"id":476736,"date":"2023-08-09T07:35:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:35:16","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:20","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:20","slug":"database-partitioning","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/database-partitioning\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c chia m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 khi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u0103ng theo c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong System R c\u1ee7a IBM, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SQL v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng, sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chia c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n. M\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, danh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0m b\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia nh\u1ecf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e9t \u00edt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u01a1n. Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

Trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con logic d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ph\u1ea1m vi), danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng danh s\u00e1ch), h\u00e0m b\u0103m (ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u0103m) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y (ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p). ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n song song c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong>: Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n qu\u00e9t (c\u00e1c) ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n
  2. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00e2ng cao<\/strong>: Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang. Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  3. D\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
  4. T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

    B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ph\u1ea1m vi<\/td>\nD\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia theo \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i (0-18, 19-30, 31-50, v.v.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng danh s\u00e1ch<\/td>\nD\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean danh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u0103m<\/td>\nH\u00e0m b\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng danh s\u00e1ch ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean theo \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i, sau \u0111\u00f3 theo qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

    Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

    So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\nN\u00f3 li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y.<\/td>\nSharding c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt sao ch\u00e9p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\nTrong khi vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i cho c\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/td>\nTrong khi li\u00ean k\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m truy c\u1eadp duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng s\u1ebd chia c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

    Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

    H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

    M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

    M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

    H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

    Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Oracle<\/a><\/li>\n
    2. Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong SQL Server<\/a><\/li>\n
    3. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng trong PostgreSQL<\/a><\/li>\n
    4. Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: MySQL<\/a><\/li>\n
    5. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo ng\u00e0y CJ<\/a><\/li>\n
    6. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth v\u00e0 S. Sudarshan<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh, lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy. Khi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476736","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Database Partitioning: A Comprehensive Overview<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Database Partitioning?","answer":"

      Database partitioning is a technique of dividing a large database into smaller, more manageable parts, or partitions, that can be stored, processed, and accessed individually. This is done to enhance database performance, simplify management, and improve scalability.<\/p>"},{"question":"When was Database Partitioning introduced?","answer":"

      The concept of database partitioning came into being in the late 20th century as a response to the exponential growth of data. One of its early implementations is found in IBM\u2019s System R, a system that significantly influenced the development of the SQL language and modern database systems.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Database Partitioning work?","answer":"

      Database partitioning divides data into logical subsets based on specific criteria like range of values, list of values, or a hash function. Each partition functions independently, allowing for parallel execution of queries and operations. Moreover, each partition can be located on a different physical location, further improving access speed and performance.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Database Partitioning?","answer":"

      The key features of database partitioning include improved performance, enhanced scalability, ease of management, and better availability and recovery. By splitting data into smaller subsets, database queries can run more efficiently. Also, partitioning allows for horizontal scalability and independent management of each partition.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the types of Database Partitioning?","answer":"

      There are four major types of database partitioning: range partitioning (based on a range of values), list partitioning (based on a predefined list of values), hash partitioning (using a hash function), and composite partitioning (a combination of these methods).<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some potential problems with Database Partitioning and how can they be solved?","answer":"

      Potential problems with database partitioning include the risk of over-partitioning or under-partitioning and increased complexity of transactions involving multiple partitions. These issues can be mitigated through careful planning and design, understanding the data and usage patterns thoroughly, and choosing the appropriate partitioning strategy.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is Database Partitioning related to Proxy Servers?","answer":"

      A proxy server can work together with a partitioned database to enhance performance and security. For instance, a proxy server can distribute requests to different database partitions, balancing the load and increasing the overall system performance. Furthermore, proxy servers can control access to different partitions, thereby enhancing the security of sensitive data.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476736\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}