{"id":476419,"date":"2023-08-09T07:29:55","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:29:55","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:12:43","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:12:43","slug":"continuation-passing-style-cps","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/continuation-passing-style-cps\/","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c (CPS)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c (CPS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t tham s\u1ed1 h\u00e0m.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (CPS)<\/h2>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh lambda. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u201cPhong c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Christopher Strachey gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u1edf ra Phong c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (CPS)<\/h2>\n<p>Ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (CPS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo. Ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, bao g\u1ed3m ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>Trong CPS, m\u1ecdi h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 b\u1ed5 sung, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201ccont\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201ck\u201d, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh\u2014\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra sau khi h\u00e0m k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi h\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh xong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u201ctr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1\u201d k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 sang ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo, thay v\u00ec tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 theo c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: thay v\u00ec ng\u1ea7m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi khi n\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac, h\u00e0m CPS s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp (CPS)<\/h2>\n<p>Trong quy \u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, khi m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t tham s\u1ed1 h\u00e0m, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, khi m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn. Do \u0111\u00f3, theo ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m CPS \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<pre><div class=\"bg-black rounded-md mb-4\"><div class=\"flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md\"><span>css<\/span><button class=\"flex ml-auto gap-2\"><svg stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"2\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"h-4 w-4\" height=\"1em\" width=\"1em\" ><path d=\"M16 4h2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h2\"><\/path><rect x=\"8\" y=\"2\" width=\"8\" height=\"4\" rx=\"1\" ry=\"1\"><\/rect><\/svg>Sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e3<\/button><\/div><div class=\"p-4 overflow-y-auto\"><code class=\"!whitespace-pre hljs language-css\" data-no-translation=\"\">function add(<span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">a<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">b<\/span>, continuation) {\n    result = <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">a<\/span> + <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">b<\/span>;\n    continuation(result);\n}\n<\/code><\/div><\/div><\/pre>\n<p>H\u00e0m \u201cth\u00eam\u201d n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sang ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp (CPS)<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/strong>: Trong CPS, lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp \u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u00e3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong>: V\u00ec CPS t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1ecfi lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00ean n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n<\/strong>: CPS r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong m\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi \u0111u\u00f4i<\/strong>: C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb CPS v\u00ec n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi \u0111u\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c (CPS)<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp theo, <strong>phong c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong> V\u00e0 <strong>phong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp<\/strong>. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa hai:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Phong c\u00e1ch<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Phong c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\n<td>Trong ki\u1ec3u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho h\u00e0m g\u1ecdi. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Phong c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\n<td>Trong CPS, h\u00e0m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 b\u1ed5 sung, ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo n\u00e0y. Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n<p>CPS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>JavaScript kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/strong>: JavaScript, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong Node.js, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPS \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. L\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i trong JavaScript l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 CPS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 Haskell s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPS \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, CPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc<\/strong>: CPS \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e3 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u do qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i l\u1ed3ng nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>: Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i CPS c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e3 do c\u00f3 th\u00eam tham s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <strong>L\u1eddi h\u1ee9a<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9\/\u0111ang ch\u1edd<\/strong> trong JavaScript \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>So s\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh CPS v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y<\/th>\n<th>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c (CPS)<\/td>\n<td>R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/td>\n<td>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n\/kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi \u0111u\u00f4i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Phong c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\n<td>Ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, h\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi.<\/td>\n<td>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9\/ch\u1eb7n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Coroutine<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/td>\n<td>Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n<p>CPS ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong JavaScript. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u async\/await, m\u1ed9t c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi Promises, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n so v\u1edbi CPS truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00fa ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n<p>Khi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, CPS v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 CPS<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trung gian cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c. Khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPS ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Continuation-passing_style\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cs.utah.edu\/plt\/publications\/icfp07-fyff.pdf\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/publication\/a-history-of-haskell-being-lazy-with-class\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Haskell: L\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":468006,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476419","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>A Deep Dive into Continuation-passing Style (CPS)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Continuation-passing Style (CPS)?","answer":"<p>Continuation-passing Style (CPS) is a method of managing control flow in computer programming. Instead of returning a value to the caller in the usual way, functions in CPS receive an extra argument (often termed as \"continuation\") representing what should happen after the function finishes its computation.<\/p>"},{"question":"When was Continuation-passing Style (CPS) first mentioned?","answer":"<p>The concept of Continuation-passing Style (CPS) was first introduced by computer scientist Christopher Strachey in the 1960s when exploring denotational semantics, a framework for defining the meanings of programming languages.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does a Continuation-passing Style (CPS) function work?","answer":"<p>In CPS, every function receives an extra argument, representing the continuation of the program. When the function has computed its result, it \"returns\" this result by passing it to the continuation, making control flow explicit.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Continuation-passing Style (CPS)?","answer":"<p>The key features of CPS include explicit control flow, increased flexibility, improved handling of non-blocking or asynchronous operations, and enhanced tail call optimization.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Continuation-passing Style (CPS) exist?","answer":"<p>There are mainly two types of continuations: direct style and continuation-passing style. In direct style, a function completes its execution and returns control to the calling function. In continuation-passing style, the function passes the result to a received continuation, making the control flow explicit.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the main uses and problems related to CPS?","answer":"<p>CPS is mostly used in functional programming languages and for managing asynchronous operations. It's useful in JavaScript, particularly in Node.js, and languages like Scheme and Haskell. However, it can lead to problems like reduced code readability (due to callback hell) and increased code size. These can be mitigated by using Promises or async\/await in JavaScript and tail-call optimization in other languages.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the future perspective of Continuation-passing Style (CPS)?","answer":"<p>CPS continues to be essential in structuring asynchronous code, with developments like async\/await in JavaScript improving upon traditional CPS. As web and server applications become more complex and concurrent, CPS and other asynchronous programming paradigms are likely to become more important.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers related to Continuation-passing Style (CPS)?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers, acting as intermediaries for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers, might use CPS or similar asynchronous programming paradigms to manage concurrent client requests without blocking, thereby improving throughput and performance.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476419\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}