{"id":476036,"date":"2023-08-09T07:25:33","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:25:33","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:11:52","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:11:52","slug":"bios","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/bios\/","title":{"rendered":"BIOS"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 BIOS, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. BIOS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang tr\u00ean bo m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a BIOS v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi n\u00f3<\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m BIOS c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 khi Gary Arlen Kildall ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh CP\/M cho m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh. CP\/M d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh (CP\/M BIOS), cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, gi\u00fap CP\/M ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1981, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh IBM PC, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u IBM PC BIOS. BIOS n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf BIOS trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 BIOS: M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n

BIOS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c BIOS th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

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    T\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra khi b\u1eadt ngu\u1ed3n (POST):<\/strong> Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, BIOS ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh:<\/strong> Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t POST, BIOS s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ed5 USB) v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, cho ph\u00e9p H\u0110H ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Ti\u1ec7n \u00edch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp BIOS:<\/strong> BIOS cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7n \u00edch C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t ph\u00edm c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Del, F2 ho\u1eb7c Esc). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t BIOS kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb:<\/strong> BIOS kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, card \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a BIOS: BIOS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n

    BIOS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong chip b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc (ROM), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n v\u00e0o bo m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. ROM kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n. Trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ROM ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb flash linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n, cho ph\u00e9p c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt BIOS d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    M\u00e3 BIOS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m (CPU) c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c thi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng T\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra khi b\u1eadt ngu\u1ed3n (POST) \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh POST, BIOS s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Sau khi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, BIOS s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea3n ghi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh (MBR), ch\u1ee9a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a BIOS<\/h2>\n

    BIOS c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

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      Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t:<\/strong> BIOS cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> BIOS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> BIOS cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p:<\/strong> V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang BIOS d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb flash, vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf BIOS \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i BIOS<\/h2>\n

      Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i BIOS:<\/p>\n

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        BIOS k\u1ebf th\u1eeba:<\/strong> BIOS truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 h\u01a1n, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n BIOS do IBM \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho PC g\u1ed1c. BIOS k\u1ebf th\u1eeba c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        UEFI (Giao di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t):<\/strong> UEFI l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho BIOS truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi gian kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua GPT (B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng GUID) v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp BIOS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa Legacy BIOS v\u00e0 UEFI:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        <\/th>\nBIOS k\u1ebf th\u1eeba<\/th>\nUEFI<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        Th\u1eddi gian kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nCh\u1eadm h\u01a1n<\/td>\nNhanh h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u0129a<\/td>\nB\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi MBR<\/td>\nH\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 GPT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/td>\nD\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3 h\u1ecda (GUI)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        M\u1ea1ng<\/td>\nH\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/td>\nH\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng PXE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BIOS, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n

        C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BIOS:<\/h3>\n
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          C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp Ti\u1ec7n \u00edch C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t BIOS \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c t\u1eaft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt BIOS:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt BIOS \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 th\u00eam h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt BIOS b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bo m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/h3>\n
            \n
          1. \n

            Tham nh\u0169ng BIOS:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu BIOS b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng do c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c do s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c BIOS v\u1ec1 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c flash BIOS b\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c BIOS h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt BIOS v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n

            D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh BIOS v\u1edbi hai thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: Firmware v\u00e0 Operating System.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            <\/th>\nBIOS<\/th>\nPh\u1ea7n s\u1ee5n<\/th>\nH\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            V\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/td>\nNh\u00fang tr\u00ean bo m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7<\/td>\nNh\u00fang trong ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/td>\nKh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c<\/td>\nTruy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp BIOS<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/td>\nCung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/td>\nBIOS m\u00e1y t\u00ednh IBM, UEFI<\/td>\nPh\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nWindows, Linux, macOS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn BIOS<\/h2>\n

            Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a BIOS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn BIOS bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n trong BIOS \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee5n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              T\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh:<\/strong> V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee5n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, BIOS v\u00e0 UEFI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n, mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            3. \n

              BIOS m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m BIOS m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4-\u0111un, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 khi c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u1edbi BIOS<\/h2>\n

              C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 do OneProxy cung c\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi BIOS trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \n

                C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt BIOS:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt BIOS t\u1eeb trang web c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              2. \n

                Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng:<\/strong> Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng qua m\u1ea1ng, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u1ea3nh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch theo c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t BIOS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              3. \n

                T\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean BIOS:<\/strong> Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e2ng cao, BIOS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n

                \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 BIOS, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Wikipedia \u2013 BIOS<\/a><\/li>\n
                2. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u2013 BIOS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li>\n
                3. Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c IBM \u2013 T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 UEFI<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  V\u00ec BIOS ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, BIOS s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m t\u1edbi.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":467738,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476036","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about BIOS: Basic Input\/Output System<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is BIOS and what does it do?<\/strong>","answer":"

                  BIOS stands for Basic Input\/Output System, a fundamental software component embedded on your computer's motherboard. It plays a crucial role in initializing and controlling essential hardware components during the boot process. BIOS acts as an interface between the operating system and hardware, enabling communication with various peripheral devices.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did BIOS originate, and when was it first mentioned?<\/strong>","answer":"

                  The concept of BIOS dates back to the early 1970s when Gary Arlen Kildall developed the CP\/M operating system. The first mention of BIOS came with CP\/M's Control Program for Microcomputers (CP\/M BIOS). In 1981, IBM released the IBM PC, introducing the IBM PC BIOS, which set the standard for BIOS designs in modern computers.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key functions of BIOS?<\/strong>","answer":"

                  The BIOS performs several crucial tasks, including:<\/p>