{"id":475926,"date":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:11:38","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:11:38","slug":"asynchronous-transfer-mode","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/asynchronous-transfer-mode\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (ATM) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 video qua c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gh\u00e9p k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. ATM tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, lo\u1ea1i, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee6y ban t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (CCITT) gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 M\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng (B-ISDN) c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ATM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 mang nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m tho\u1ea1i, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 video, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u00f4 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch g\u00f3i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00f4, chia d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00f4, m\u1ed7i \u00f4 g\u1ed3m 53 byte. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00f4 bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 5 byte v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng 48 byte. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>ATM ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u1ea3o, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn logic gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ch \u1ea3o: M\u1ea1ch \u1ea3o c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (PVC) v\u00e0 M\u1ea1ch \u1ea3o chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch (SVC). PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i, trong khi SVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ea1ng ATM th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ATM<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ATM d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin trong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i ATM<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ATM. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ATM<\/strong>: M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ATM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1p quang ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/strong>: ATM cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb 1.544 Mbps (T1) \u0111\u1ebfn 622 Mbps (OC-12) v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (QoS)<\/strong>: ATM h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, cho ph\u00e9p \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: M\u1ea1ng ATM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>: C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00f4 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ATM gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch trung gian, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ATM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM qua SONET\/SDH<\/strong>: Trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ATM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i g\u1ecdn trong c\u00e1c khung M\u1ea1ng quang \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (SONET) ho\u1eb7c H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (SDH). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ATM v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng SONET\/SDH hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM qua IP\/MPLS<\/strong>: C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ATM trong c\u00e1c g\u00f3i IP ho\u1eb7c Chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e3n \u0111a giao th\u1ee9c (MPLS). N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng ATM v\u00e0 IP\/MPLS, cho ph\u00e9p linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Ki\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ATM qua SONET\/SDH<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 T\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u0169<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 Chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n do v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 QoS tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ATM qua IP\/MPLS<\/td>\n<td>- Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 Ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 QoS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1ed5 sung trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>ATM \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: ATM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5c l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t video<\/strong>: Do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cao, ATM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t video trong \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u00e0 WAN<\/strong>: ATM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i M\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN) v\u00e0 M\u1ea1ng di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng (WAN) trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, ATM mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng ATM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u1ea3o v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh QoS c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1<\/strong>: Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ATM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebf th\u1eeba<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 l\u00ean ATM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u0169.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh ATM v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM so v\u1edbi Ethernet<\/strong>: ATM cung c\u1ea5p QoS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian, trong khi Ethernet ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng LAN.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM so v\u1edbi Frame Relay<\/strong>: ATM cung c\u1ea5p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 QoS, trong khi Frame Relay \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM so v\u1edbi MPLS<\/strong>: C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 QoS, nh\u01b0ng ATM t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cao, trong khi MPLS c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady QoS c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 IP\/MPLS v\u00e0 Carrier Ethernet. Khi nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay th\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (SDN) v\u00e0 \u1ea2o h\u00f3a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1ea1ng (NFV).<\/p>\n<h2>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 internet. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ATM kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tri\u1ec3n khai ATM trong m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012527\/https:\/\/www.atmforum.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n ATM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012540\/https:\/\/www.itu.int\/rec\/T-REC-I.150\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ITU-T cho ATM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012614\/http:\/\/www.rad.com\/networks\/1995\/atm\/atm1.htm\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ATM<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>ATM v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Khi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":475701,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-475926","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)?","answer":"<p>Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a high-speed networking technology designed for efficient data, voice, and video transmission over both local and wide area networks. It utilizes fixed-size cells to ensure uniform and predictable transmission times, making it ideal for diverse traffic types with varying quality of service requirements.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did Asynchronous Transfer Mode originate?","answer":"<p>Asynchronous Transfer Mode was first introduced by the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) in the late 1980s as part of their Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN) recommendations. Its initial concept focused on using fixed-size cells for transmitting data, unlike traditional packet-switched networks with variable-sized packets.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Asynchronous Transfer Mode work?","answer":"<p>ATM operates on the basis of virtual circuits, establishing logical paths between endpoints for data transmission. It comprises ATM switches responsible for routing and switching ATM cells, ATM endpoints generating and receiving ATM cells, and a physical transmission medium such as optical fibers or copper cables.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>ATM offers high-speed data transmission rates, supports multiple classes of service for prioritizing different traffic types, ensures scalability to accommodate a large number of devices and users, and provides efficient network utilization with its fixed cell size structure.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Asynchronous Transfer Mode exist?","answer":"<p>There are two main types of ATM:<\/p><ol><li>ATM over SONET\/SDH: ATM cells encapsulated within Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) frames, allowing integration with existing SONET\/SDH networks.<\/li><li>ATM over IP\/MPLS: ATM cells encapsulated within IP or Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) packets, facilitating the convergence of ATM and IP\/MPLS networks for greater flexibility and cost-effectiveness.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How is Asynchronous Transfer Mode used, and what are the challenges?","answer":"<p>ATM is widely used in telecommunications, video streaming, and LAN\/WAN connectivity. Challenges include network complexity, higher implementation costs, and compatibility issues with legacy equipment.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Asynchronous Transfer Mode compare with other terms?","answer":"<p>ATM offers predictable QoS and is suitable for time-sensitive applications, while Ethernet is cost-effective and commonly used for LAN connectivity. Compared to Frame Relay, ATM provides higher bandwidth and better QoS support, while Frame Relay is simpler and more cost-effective for low-bandwidth applications. ATM and MPLS both support QoS, with ATM being better for high-bandwidth applications, while MPLS is more scalable and suitable for complex network topologies.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future prospects of Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>While ATM remains relevant in certain applications, emerging technologies like IP\/MPLS and Carrier Ethernet are gaining traction due to evolving network demands, especially in the context of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV).<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers related to Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>While ATM itself doesn't directly relate to proxy servers, organizations deploying ATM in their networks can also use proxy servers for various purposes, such as enhancing security, content caching, and optimizing network traffic.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>For further information about Asynchronous Transfer Mode, you can visit the following resources:<\/p><ol><li>ATM Forum (<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012527\/https:\/\/www.atmforum.org\/\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012527\/https:\/\/www.atmforum.org\/<\/a>)<\/li><li>ITU-T Recommendations for ATM (<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012540\/https:\/\/www.itu.int\/rec\/T-REC-I.150\/\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012540\/https:\/\/www.itu.int\/rec\/T-REC-I.150\/<\/a>)<\/li><li>ATM Technology Tutorial (<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012614\/http:\/\/www.rad.com\/networks\/1995\/atm\/atm1.htm\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012614\/http:\/\/www.rad.com\/networks\/1995\/atm\/atm1.htm<\/a>)<\/li><\/ol>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475926\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/475701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}