{"id":475814,"date":"2023-08-09T07:23:51","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:23:51","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:11:16","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:11:16","slug":"advanced-encryption-standard-aes","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wiki\/advanced-encryption-standard-aes\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e2ng cao (AES)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e2ng cao (AES) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 (NIST) thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u1ed1i kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h2>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a AES<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a AES c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 khi NIST t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ebf th\u1eeba cho Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n M\u00e3 h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DES) \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, NIST \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997.<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u1edf ra cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi. Sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eadt m\u00e3 s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n do hai nh\u00e0 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ec9, Vincent Rijmen v\u00e0 Joan Daemen, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Rijndael, \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 AES<\/h2>\n<p>AES, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u1ed1i kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a cho c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, DES, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 64 bit v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 56 bit, AES mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3a. AES \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i 128 bit v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 128, 192 v\u00e0 256 bit.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, AES ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c (d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o) th\u00e0nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a (d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a). Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m thay th\u1ebf, ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb, tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 th\u00eam kh\u00f3a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng qua nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a AES<\/h2>\n<p>AES ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#039;v\u00f2ng&#039;. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a 128 bit, c\u00f3 10 v\u00f2ng; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a 192 bit, 12 v\u00f2ng; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a 256 bit, 14 v\u00f2ng. M\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n h\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>SubByte<\/strong> \u2013 b\u01b0\u1edbc thay th\u1ebf trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i byte trong kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t byte kh\u00e1c theo b\u1ea3ng tra c\u1ee9u, S-Box.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ShiftH\u00e0ng<\/strong> \u2013 b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c byte trong m\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n theo chu k\u1ef3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tr\u1ed9n c\u1ed9t<\/strong> \u2013 m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c tr\u1ed9n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u1ed1n byte trong m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u00eamRoundKey<\/strong> - b\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i byte tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a tr\u00f2n; m\u1ed7i kh\u00f3a tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a m\u1eadt m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>V\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecf qua b\u01b0\u1edbc MixColumns v\u00ec l\u00fd do k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a AES<\/h2>\n<p>AES n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>: AES ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong>: AES h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3a 128, 192 v\u00e0 256 bit, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>: Do k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i cao, AES c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u01afng du\u0323ng r\u00f4\u0323ng Rai<\/strong>: AES \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong nhi\u1ec1u giao th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 AES: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h2>\n<p>AES ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf ba bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0i kh\u00f3a (bit)<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>128<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>192<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>256<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0i kh\u00f3a cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f3a 256 bit mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong AES<\/h2>\n<p>AES \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1edd t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y, VPN v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1eadt \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 Tuy\u1ec7t m\u1eadt trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn AES ph\u00e1t sinh khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt m\u00e3, bao g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o s\u1ed1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 AES cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h2>So s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a AES so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n<p>So s\u00e1nh AES v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 DES, Triple DES v\u00e0 Blowfish, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n<\/th>\n<th>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3a (bit)<\/th>\n<th>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i (bit)<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng<\/th>\n<th>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>AES<\/td>\n<td>128\/192\/256<\/td>\n<td>128<\/td>\n<td>10\/12\/14<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>DES<\/td>\n<td>56<\/td>\n<td>64<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u0169 phu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3DES<\/td>\n<td>112\/168<\/td>\n<td>64<\/td>\n<td>48\/32<\/td>\n<td>An to\u00e0n h\u01a1n DES nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00e1 n\u00f3c<\/td>\n<td>32-448<\/td>\n<td>64<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>Nhanh nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a y\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn AES<\/h2>\n<p>Khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean, m\u1eadt m\u00e3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, AES v\u1eabn an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng AES tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, bao g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i kh\u00f3a. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, NIST \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi AES.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 AES v\u00e0 Proxy<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng AES \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng, AES c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb nghe l\u00e9n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 OneProxy s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a AES \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy n\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 AES l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea9n danh hay b\u1ecf ch\u1eb7n n\u1ed9i dung, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng AES \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 AES, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u00edch:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nvlpubs.nist.gov\/nistpubs\/FIPS\/NIST.FIPS.197.pdf\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u1ea4n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a NIST v\u1ec1 AES<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6054451\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">AES: T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/blog\/information-security\/aes-encryption\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n AES<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/itl\/current-cryptographic-standards-and-guidelines\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt m\u00e3<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thesslstore.com\/blog\/aes-encryption\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">M\u00e3 h\u00f3a AES cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":467494,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-475814","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Advanced Encryption Standard (AES): An Essential Mechanism in Modern Cryptography<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)?","answer":"<p>The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a cryptographic algorithm that is widely used for encrypting electronic data. It was established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did AES come about?","answer":"<p>AES was chosen through a competitive process initiated by NIST in 1997 to replace the aging Data Encryption Standard (DES). The process was open to public scrutiny and comment. An algorithm submitted by two Belgian cryptographers, Vincent Rijmen and Joan Daemen\u2014known as Rijndael\u2014was selected as the new standard in 2001.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does AES work?","answer":"<p>AES operates by converting plaintext (input data) into ciphertext (encrypted data) using a series of transformations that include substitution, permutation, mixing, and key adding. These transformations are applied over multiple rounds that depend on the key size: 10 rounds for 128-bit keys, 12 rounds for 192-bit keys, and 14 rounds for 256-bit keys.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of AES?","answer":"<p>AES is efficient, operates quickly in both software and hardware, supports key sizes of 128, 192, and 256 bits, is resistant to all known practical attacks, and is globally recognized and adopted in numerous security protocols and systems.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of AES exist?","answer":"<p>AES primarily exists in three variants, determined by the length of the key used in the encryption and decryption process: AES-128 uses a 128-bit key and runs 10 rounds, AES-192 uses a 192-bit key with 12 rounds, and AES-256 uses a 256-bit key with 14 rounds.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where is AES used and what problems can arise?","answer":"<p>AES is used across various fields such as telecommunications, banking, and electronic commerce due to its security and efficiency. It's also used in securing wireless networks, VPNs, and classified information within the U.S. government. Problems related to AES mostly occur when it's improperly implemented or when key management is inadequate.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does AES compare to other similar algorithms?","answer":"<p>AES is more standardized, offers a larger key size, and is more widely used than other similar cryptographic algorithms like DES, Triple DES, and Blowfish.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives of AES?","answer":"<p>While AES remains secure against all known practical attacks, efforts to strengthen it against potential future threats include more robust key management, hardware-based encryption, and increased key lengths. NIST has also initiated a process to develop quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers like OneProxy associated with AES?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers often use AES to secure data in transit between the client and the server. AES encryption helps maintain the confidentiality and protection against eavesdropping, ensuring user data remains secure.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475814\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/467494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}