{"id":479187,"date":"2023-08-09T10:31:59","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:31:59","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-11-30T04:11:58","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T04:11:58","slug":"stun-server","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ua\/wiki\/stun-server\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 STUN"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 STUN (Session Traversal Utilities for NAT) \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443, \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 (NAT) \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443. \u0423 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 STUN, \u0457\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0457\u0445 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0456\u044e \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 STUN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 STUN \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 NAT (Network Address Translation) \u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443 (P2P). NAT, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438 IPv4, \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043c\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f\u0445. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430 \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e STUN \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456 IETF RFC 3489, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432 2003 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 STUN \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 NAT. \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NAT Discovery:<\/strong> \u0412\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044e NAT, \u0437\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0457\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:<\/strong> \u0414\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0443 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c:<\/strong> \u0411\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0437 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438 NAT, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 Full Cone, Restricted Cone, Port Restricted Cone \u0456 Symmetric NAT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0426\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0454 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c, \u044f\u043a VoIP (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0406\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442), \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 STUN \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0456\u044f\u0445, \u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0438 VoIP:<\/strong> \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u044f:<\/strong> \u0417\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043e \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0456\u043e \u0437&#039;\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0406\u0433\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d:<\/strong> \u0423\u0432\u0456\u043c\u043a\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0433\u043e\u0440 \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0456.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f STUN \u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0446\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 NAT, \u0437\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 Symmetric NAT. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0456\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u044f\u043a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 TURN (Traversal Using Relays around NAT).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437 \u0456\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/th><th>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 STUN<\/th><th>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 TURN<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b ICE<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/td><td>\u041e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434 NAT<\/td><td>\u0420\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f NAT<\/td><td>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f NAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u041d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438<\/td><td>\u041d\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/td><td>\u0412\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/td><td>\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0421\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td><td>\u041e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438 NAT<\/td><td>\u0423\u0441\u0456 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438 NAT<\/td><td>\u0415\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0412\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/td><td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437&#039;\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f P2P<\/td><td>\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0430<\/td><td>\u0423\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041c\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041c\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0454 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 STUN \u0442\u0456\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0437 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0439. \u0417 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043e\u044e IPv6 \u0456 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0456\u0446\u044f\u043d\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0443\u0441\u0443\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438 NAT \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c STUN \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f. \u0422\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448, \u0442\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0447\u0456\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 STUN \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0449 NAT \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0437 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u044f\u043a 5G.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0456 STUN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 STUN, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0438. \u0423 \u043f\u043e\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0437 STUN \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0456\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437 NAT. \u0426\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u0445, \u0434\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u043e\u0432&#039;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 STUN, \u0457\u0445\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc3489\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IETF RFC 3489 \u2013 STUN \u2013 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 (UDP) \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 (NAT)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webrtc.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">WebRTC.org \u2013 \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f STUN\/TURN<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.voip-info.org\/stun\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">VoIP-Info \u2013 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b STUN<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0426\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 STUN, \u0457\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0457\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0431\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":479188,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-479187","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark><\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a STUN Server?","answer":"A STUN (Session Traversal Utilities for NAT) server is a standardized protocol used in network applications to discover public Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and the type of NAT firewall they are behind. It's essential for enabling applications to traverse Network Address Translator (NAT) gateways and is widely used in VoIP, video conferencing, and real-time communication."},{"question":"When was the STUN Server Protocol First Defined?","answer":"The STUN protocol was initially defined in RFC 3489, published in March 2003 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It has seen several updates, with the latest significant version defined in RFC 5389 in October 2008."},{"question":"How Does the STUN Server Work?","answer":"The STUN server works by receiving a query from a client behind a NAT, processing the request, and responding with the client's public IP address and port number. It consists of a listening component, a response component, and a mapping component, working together in a stateless manner to facilitate communication between hosts located behind NAT devices."},{"question":"What are the Key Features of a STUN Server?","answer":"Key features of a STUN server include its ability to traverse NAT, lightweight design, security measures such as authentication, and versatility in various real-time applications."},{"question":"What Types of STUN Servers Exist?","answer":"There are different types of STUN servers, including Classic STUN for traditional NAT traversal, TURN (Traversal Using Relays around NAT), and ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment)."},{"question":"What are Some Problems and Solutions Related to STUN Server Usage?","answer":"Some problems associated with STUN server usage include incompatibility with certain NAT types (Symmetric NAT) and security concerns. Solutions include utilizing TURN servers for complex NAT scenarios and implementing proper authentication and encryption."},{"question":"What are the Future Perspectives of STUN Technology?","answer":"Future perspectives of STUN technology include the integration with artificial intelligence, increased security measures, and enhanced scalability, driven by the ongoing development of real-time applications and IoT devices."},{"question":"How are Proxy Servers Associated with STUN Servers?","answer":"Proxy servers and STUN servers can work together to enhance privacy and security. While the STUN server facilitates NAT traversal, proxy servers add an extra layer of anonymity and content filtering."},{"question":"Where Can I Find More Information about STUN Servers?","answer":"More information about STUN servers can be found at <a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc5389\" target=\"_new\">IETF's Official RFC 5389<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.html5rocks.com\/en\/tutorials\/webrtc\/infrastructure\/\" target=\"_new\">WebRTC's Overview of STUN\/TURN<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\" target=\"_new\">OneProxy Services<\/a>."}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479187\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/479188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}