{"id":477801,"date":"2023-08-09T09:20:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:20:26","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:27","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:27","slug":"lateral-movement","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wiki\/lateral-movement\/","title":{"rendered":"Yanal hareket"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yanal hareket, siber sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n ilk eri\u015fim elde edildikten sonra bir a\u011fa yay\u0131lmak ve d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 tekni\u011fi ifade eder. Tehdit akt\u00f6rlerinin bir kurulu\u015fun altyap\u0131s\u0131nda yatay olarak hareket etmesine, farkl\u0131 sistemleri ke\u015ffetmesine ve bunlardan yararlanmas\u0131na, an\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphe uyand\u0131rmadan olanak tan\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntem \u00f6zellikle i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in endi\u015fe vericidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yanal hareket veri ihlallerine, yetkisiz eri\u015fime ve \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvenlik risklerine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Yanal hareketin k\u00f6keninin tarihi ve ilk s\u00f6z\u00fc<\/h2>\n

Yanal hareket kavram\u0131, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bilgisayar sistemlerinin geli\u015fmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kurulu\u015flar kendi i\u00e7 a\u011flar\u0131nda birden fazla bilgisayar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flamaya ba\u015flad\u0131k\u00e7a, bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131 de\u011ferli verilere eri\u015fmek veya zarar vermek i\u00e7in bu birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 sistemleri a\u015fman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 arad\u0131. "Yatay hareket" terimi, 2000'li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda siber g\u00fcvenlik alan\u0131nda, savunucular\u0131n sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli teknikler kullanarak a\u011flar \u00fczerinden manevra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemesiyle \u00f6nem kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yanal hareket hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgi. Konunun geni\u015fletilmesi Yanal hareket<\/h2>\n

Yanal hareket, siber sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir model olan siber \u00f6ld\u00fcrme zincirinin kritik bir a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r. Sosyal m\u00fchendislik, yaz\u0131l\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndan yararlanma veya ba\u015fka yollarla ilk dayanak noktas\u0131 olu\u015fturulduktan sonra sald\u0131rgan, a\u011f \u00fczerinde daha \u00f6nemli eri\u015fim ve kontrol elde etmek i\u00e7in yanal hareket etmeyi ama\u00e7lar.<\/p>\n

Sald\u0131rganlar, yanal hareket s\u0131ras\u0131nda genellikle y\u00fcksek de\u011ferli hedefleri belirlemek, ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131 art\u0131rmak ve k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 veya ara\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u011f genelinde yaymak i\u00e7in ke\u015fif ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Kurulu\u015f i\u00e7indeki n\u00fcfuzlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmek i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ihlal edilmi\u015f kimlik bilgileri, karma ge\u00e7i\u015f sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, uzaktan kod y\u00fcr\u00fctme veya di\u011fer karma\u015f\u0131k teknikleri kullanabilirler.<\/p>\n

Yanal hareketin i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131. Yanal hareket nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

Yanal hareket teknikleri sald\u0131rgan\u0131n beceri d\u00fczeyine, kurulu\u015fun g\u00fcvenlik duru\u015funa ve mevcut ara\u00e7lara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir. Ancak baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n stratejiler \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Karma Ge\u00e7i\u015f (PtH) Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>: Sald\u0131rganlar, g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ihlal edilmi\u015f bir sistemden karma parolalar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ve bunlar\u0131, orijinal parolalar\u0131 bilmeye gerek kalmadan di\u011fer sistemlerde kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Uzaktan Kod Y\u00fcr\u00fctme (RCE)<\/strong>: Yetkisiz eri\u015fime izin vererek uzak sistemlerde rastgele kod y\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in uygulamalardaki veya hizmetlerdeki g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndan yararlanmak.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Kaba Kuvvet Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>: Sistemlere yetkisiz eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifre kombinasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar tekrar denemek.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    G\u00fcven \u0130li\u015fkilerinden Yararlanmak<\/strong>: A\u011f \u00fczerinde yanal hareket etmek i\u00e7in sistemler veya etki alanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan g\u00fcvenden yararlanmak.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    Uzaktan Eri\u015fim Truva Atlar\u0131 (RAT'lar) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla pivotlama<\/strong>: Tehlike alt\u0131ndaki sistemleri kontrol etmek i\u00e7in uzaktan eri\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak ve bunlar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine eri\u015fim i\u00e7in basamak olarak kullanmak.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \n

    Yanl\u0131\u015f Yap\u0131land\u0131rmalardan Yararlanmak<\/strong>: Yetkisiz eri\u015fim elde etmek i\u00e7in yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sistemlerden veya hizmetlerden yararlanmak.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Yanal hareketin temel \u00f6zelliklerinin analizi<\/h2>\n

    Yanal hareket, onu m\u00fccadele edilmesi zor bir tehdit haline getiren birka\u00e7 temel \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahiptir:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Gizlilik ve Kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong>: Sald\u0131rganlar tespit edilmemek ve a\u011fa eri\u015fimi uzun s\u00fcre s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in karma\u015f\u0131k teknikler kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      H\u0131z ve Otomasyon<\/strong>: Otomatik ara\u00e7lar, sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n a\u011flarda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde hareket etmesine olanak tan\u0131r ve ilk izinsiz giri\u015f ile y\u00fcksek de\u011ferli varl\u0131klara ula\u015fma aras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcreyi en aza indirir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Evrim ve Adaptasyon<\/strong>: Yanal hareket teknikleri, g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerini atlatmak ve de\u011fi\u015fen a\u011f ortamlar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli olarak geli\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k<\/strong>: Sald\u0131rganlar genellikle a\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in birden fazla tekni\u011fi bir arada kullan\u0131r, bu da savunmac\u0131lar\u0131n yanal hareketleri tespit etmesini ve \u00f6nlemesini zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Yanal Hareket T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n

      Yanal hareket, sald\u0131rgan\u0131n hedeflerine ve a\u011f\u0131n mimarisine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerde olabilir. Baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n yanal hareket t\u00fcrleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Tip<\/th>\nTan\u0131m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Karma Ge\u00e7i\u015fi (PtH)<\/td>\nDi\u011fer sistemlerde kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in karma kimlik bilgileri kullanma.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Uzaktan Kod Y\u00fcr\u00fctme<\/td>\nUzaktan kod y\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndan yararlanma.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      WMI tabanl\u0131 Yanal Hareket<\/td>\nYanal hareket i\u00e7in Windows Y\u00f6netim Ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yararlanma.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kerbero k\u0131zartma<\/td>\nHizmet hesab\u0131 kimlik bilgileri Active Directory'den \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      KOB\u0130 Yanal Hareketi<\/td>\nYanal hareket i\u00e7in Sunucu Mesaj Blo\u011fu protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Kullan\u0131m yollar\u0131 Yanal hareket, kullan\u0131ma ili\u015fkin sorunlar ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h2>\n

      Yanal hareketin kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. \n

        K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Tak\u0131m Egzersizleri<\/strong>: G\u00fcvenlik uzmanlar\u0131, ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnyadaki siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sim\u00fcle etmek ve bir kurulu\u015fun g\u00fcvenlik duru\u015funu de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in yanal hareket tekniklerini kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        G\u00fcvenlik De\u011ferlendirmeleri<\/strong>: Kurulu\u015flar, a\u011flar\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek ve d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in yatay hareket de\u011ferlendirmeleri kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler:<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. \n

          Yetersiz A\u011f Segmentasyonu<\/strong>: A\u011flar\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde b\u00f6l\u00fcmlendirilmesi, sald\u0131rgan\u0131 belirli b\u00f6lgeler i\u00e7inde tutarak yanal hareketin potansiyel etkisini s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          Ayr\u0131cal\u0131k Y\u00fckseltme G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong>: Yetkisiz y\u00fckseltmeyi \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131 ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak inceleyin ve y\u00f6netin.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        3. \n

          Yetersiz Eri\u015fim Kontrolleri<\/strong>: Yetkisiz yanal hareketleri k\u0131s\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in sa\u011flam eri\u015fim kontrolleri ve iki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama uygulay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Ana \u00f6zellikler ve benzer terimlerle di\u011fer kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Terim<\/th>\nTan\u0131m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          Dikey Hareket<\/td>\nAyr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fckseltmeye veya g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmaya odaklanan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ifade eder.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Yatay Hareket<\/td>\nA\u011f ge\u00e7i\u015fine odaklanan, Yanal hareketle birbirinin yerine kullan\u0131lan ba\u015fka bir terim.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Yanal hareketle ilgili gelece\u011fin perspektifleri ve teknolojileri<\/h2>\n

          Yanal hareket savunmas\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi ileri teknolojilerden faydalanmada yatmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \n

            Davran\u0131\u015f Analizi<\/strong>: Anormal yanal hareket modellerini tespit etmek ve potansiyel tehditleri belirlemek i\u00e7in makine \u00f6\u011frenimini kullanma.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            S\u0131f\u0131r G\u00fcven Mimarisi<\/strong>: Her eri\u015fim giri\u015fiminin potansiyel olarak k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 oldu\u011funu varsayarak yanal hareketin etkisini en aza indirmek i\u00e7in s\u0131f\u0131r g\u00fcven ilkelerinin uygulanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3. \n

            A\u011f Segmentasyonu ve Mikrosegmentasyon<\/strong>: Kritik varl\u0131klar\u0131 izole etmek ve yanal hareketin yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in a\u011f b\u00f6l\u00fcmlendirmesinin geli\u015ftirilmesi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Proxy sunucular\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilir veya Yanal hareketle nas\u0131l ili\u015fkilendirilebilir?<\/h2>\n

            Proxy sunucular\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yollarla yanal hareket risklerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayabilir:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              Trafi\u011fi \u0130zleme<\/strong>: Proxy sunucular\u0131 a\u011f trafi\u011fini g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe kaydedip analiz edebilir ve potansiyel yanal hareket faaliyetlerine ili\u015fkin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcler sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              K\u00f6t\u00fc Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi Filtreleme<\/strong>: G\u00fcvenlik \u00f6zellikleriyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f proxy sunucular, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 trafi\u011fi engelleyebilir ve yanal hareket giri\u015fimlerini engelleyebilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            3. \n

              A\u011f Segmentlerini Yal\u0131tmak<\/strong>: Proxy sunucular\u0131 farkl\u0131 a\u011f b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini ay\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak yanal hareket olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u0130lgili Ba\u011flant\u0131lar<\/h2>\n

              Yatay hareket ve siber g\u00fcvenlikle ilgili en iyi uygulamalar hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kaynaklara bak\u0131n:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. MITRE ATT&CK\u00ae \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/a><\/li>\n
              2. CISA'n\u0131n Yanal Hareket K\u0131lavuzu<\/a><\/li>\n
              3. SANS Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc: Yanal Hareket<\/a><\/li>\n
              4. NIST Siber G\u00fcvenlik \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477801","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Lateral Movement: Enhancing Network Accessibility and Security<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Lateral Movement?","answer":"

                Lateral movement refers to the technique used by cyber attackers to move horizontally through a network after gaining initial access. It allows them to explore and exploit different systems without being immediately detected.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did Lateral Movement originate?","answer":"

                The concept of lateral movement emerged with the evolution of networked computer systems in the late 20th century. As organizations interconnected multiple computers within their internal networks, hackers sought ways to traverse these systems to access valuable data or cause harm.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Lateral Movement work?","answer":"

                Once attackers gain initial access to a network, they perform reconnaissance to identify high-value targets and then use various techniques like pass-the-hash attacks, remote code execution, and exploiting trust relationships to expand their influence within the organization.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Lateral Movement?","answer":"

                Lateral movement is characterized by stealth and persistence, speed and automation, evolution and adaptation, and complexity. These features make it a challenging threat to combat for organizations.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Lateral Movement exist?","answer":"

                There are several types of lateral movement, including Pass-the-Hash (PtH) attacks, Remote Code Execution (RCE), WMI-based lateral movement, Kerberoasting, and SMB lateral movement.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can Lateral Movement be used, and what are the associated problems and solutions?","answer":"

                Lateral movement can be simulated in Red Team exercises and used for security assessments. Problems may arise due to insufficient network segmentation, privilege escalation vulnerabilities, and inadequate access controls. Solutions involve proper network segmentation, user privilege management, and robust access controls.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is Lateral Movement compared to similar terms?","answer":"

                Lateral movement is synonymous with horizontal movement, both describing the technique of traversing networks after gaining initial access. It is different from vertical movement, which focuses on privilege escalation.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives and technologies related to Lateral Movement?","answer":"

                The future of lateral movement defense lies in leveraging advanced technologies like behavioral analytics, zero trust architecture, and network segmentation to isolate critical assets.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers be used in association with Lateral Movement?","answer":"

                Proxy servers can play a crucial role in mitigating lateral movement risks by monitoring traffic, filtering malicious content, and isolating network segments.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about Lateral Movement and cybersecurity best practices?","answer":"

                For more information about lateral movement and cybersecurity best practices, you can refer to resources like the MITRE ATT&CK\u00ae Framework, CISA's Guide to Lateral Movement, SANS Institute, and NIST Cybersecurity Framework.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477801","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477801\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}