{"id":477747,"date":"2023-08-09T09:19:35","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:19:35","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:18","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:18","slug":"json-hijacking","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wiki\/json-hijacking\/","title":{"rendered":"JSON ele ge\u00e7irme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&quot;JavaScript Object Notation ele ge\u00e7irme&quot; olarak da bilinen JSON ele ge\u00e7irme, veri de\u011fi\u015fim format\u0131 olarak JSON&#039;u (JavaScript Object Notation) kullanan web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen bir g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, uygulama bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 uygun \u015fekilde korunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n kurban\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131ndan hassas verileri \u00e7almas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi, web sayfalar\u0131n\u0131n web sayfas\u0131na hizmet veren alan ad\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir alan ad\u0131na istekte bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen bir g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemi olan ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>JSON korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keninin tarihi ve bundan ilk s\u00f6z.<\/h2>\n<p>JSON ele ge\u00e7irme olay\u0131 ilk olarak 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda Jeremiah Grossman taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi ve belgelendi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda, JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanan web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n, buna kar\u015f\u0131 korunmaya y\u00f6nelik standart bir y\u00f6ntemin bulunmamas\u0131 nedeniyle bu g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu buldu. JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesinin ilk s\u00f6z\u00fc, uygun g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nmadan JSON&#039;un veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi format\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ili\u015fkili potansiyel risklere dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n<h2>JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi. JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi konusunu geni\u015fletiyoruz.<\/h2>\n<p>JSON ele ge\u00e7irmesi, bir web uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n, g\u00fcvenli bir JSON yan\u0131t sarmalay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 gibi uygun g\u00fcvenlik mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamadan JSON verilerini sunmas\u0131 durumunda meydana gelir. Normalde bir web sayfas\u0131 bir sunucudan JSON verileri istedi\u011finde, sayfadaki JavaScript kodu taraf\u0131ndan kolayca ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p kullan\u0131labilen me\u015fru bir JSON nesnesi al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi durumunda sald\u0131rgan, JSON verilerini \u00e7almak i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131ndan yararlanabilir. Sald\u0131rgan, kurban\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, kendisi taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilen k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir sunucuya \u00e7apraz kaynak iste\u011finde bulunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kand\u0131r\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131 JSON istekleri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan (geleneksel Ajax isteklerinden farkl\u0131 olarak), k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 sunucu JSON verilerini do\u011frudan alabilir.<\/p>\n<p>&quot;X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff&quot; veya &quot;while(1);&quot; gibi uygun g\u00fcvenlik ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n veya yan\u0131t paketleyicilerinin bulunmamas\u0131, sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir JSON ele ge\u00e7irme sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesine olanak tan\u0131r. Sald\u0131rganlar, hassas verileri \u00e7alarak kullan\u0131c\u0131 gizlili\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye atabilir.<\/p>\n<h2>JSON sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131. JSON ele ge\u00e7irme i\u015flemi nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<p>JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi \u00f6ncelikle belirli g\u00fcvenlik teknikleri uygulanmadan JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanan web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 hedef al\u0131r. Sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kurban\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, JSON verileri i\u00e7in web sunucusuna bir istek g\u00f6nderir.<\/li>\n<li>Web sunucusu iste\u011fi i\u015fler ve yan\u0131t olarak JSON verilerini geri g\u00f6nderir.<\/li>\n<li>Sald\u0131rgan, kurban\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, sald\u0131rgan\u0131n sunucusuna y\u00f6nlendiren ek bir \u00e7apraz kaynak iste\u011fi yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131 JSON istekleri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, sald\u0131rgan\u0131n sunucusu JSON yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan kurban\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131ndan yakalar.<\/li>\n<li>Sald\u0131rgan\u0131n art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca web uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n etki alan\u0131nda eri\u015filmesi gereken hassas JSON verilerine eri\u015fimi var.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>JSON korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00f6zelliklerinin analizi.<\/h2>\n<p>JSON ele ge\u00e7irme i\u015fleminin temel \u00f6zellikleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131: JSON ele ge\u00e7irme i\u015flemi, JSON istekleri i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131n\u0131n muafiyetinden yararlanarak bir sald\u0131rgan\u0131n JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesine olanak tan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Uygun yan\u0131t sarmalay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n olmamas\u0131: &quot;while(1);&quot; gibi g\u00fcvenli JSON yan\u0131t sarmalay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131. veya &quot;X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff&quot;, web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z b\u0131rakabilir.<\/li>\n<li>JSON u\u00e7 noktalar\u0131na odaklan\u0131n: Sald\u0131r\u0131, veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi i\u00e7in JSON u\u00e7 noktalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanan web uygulamalar\u0131na odaklan\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>JSON ele ge\u00e7irme t\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n<p>JSON ele ge\u00e7irme sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak iki ana t\u00fcre ayr\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Do\u011frudan JSON ele ge\u00e7irme:<\/strong> Bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131da sald\u0131rgan, kurban\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kand\u0131rarak do\u011frudan sald\u0131rgan\u0131n sunucusuna bir JSON iste\u011fi g\u00f6ndermesini sa\u011flar. Sald\u0131rgan\u0131n sunucusu daha sonra herhangi bir ek ad\u0131ma gerek kalmadan JSON verilerini do\u011frudan al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>JSONP (Dolgulu JSON) ele ge\u00e7irilmesi:<\/strong> JSONP, \u00e7apraz kaynak isteklerinde ayn\u0131 kaynak ilkesi s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir tekniktir. JSONP ele ge\u00e7irmesinde sald\u0131rgan, JSON verilerini almak ve potansiyel olarak hassas bilgileri \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in JSONP geri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma i\u015flevini kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, iki JSON ele ge\u00e7irme t\u00fcr\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 vurgulayan bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma tablosu bulunmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Tip<\/th>\n<th>Y\u00f6ntem<\/th>\n<th>Avantajlar\u0131<\/th>\n<th>Dezavantajlar\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Do\u011frudan JSON ele ge\u00e7irme<\/td>\n<td>JSON istekleri i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131r<\/td>\n<td>Uygulamada basitlik, JSON verilerine do\u011frudan eri\u015fim<\/td>\n<td>G\u00fcnl\u00fcklerde daha g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, tespit edilmesi daha kolay<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>JSONP&#039;nin ele ge\u00e7irilmesi<\/td>\n<td>JSONP geri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma i\u015flevini y\u00f6netir<\/td>\n<td>Potansiyel olarak ayn\u0131 men\u015fe politikas\u0131n\u0131 atlar<\/td>\n<td>Savunmas\u0131z bir JSONP uygulamas\u0131 gerektirir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>JSON korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullanma yollar\u0131, sorunlar ve kullan\u0131mla ilgili \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri.<\/h2>\n<h3>Kullan\u0131m Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h3>\n<p>JSON ele ge\u00e7irme, kullan\u0131c\u0131 kimlik bilgileri, kimlik do\u011frulama belirte\u00e7leri gibi hassas bilgileri veya JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131nda depolanan di\u011fer hassas verileri elde etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. \u00c7al\u0131nan veriler daha sonra sald\u0131rgan taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7larla k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/h3>\n<p>JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesiyle ilgili temel sorun, JSON&#039;u veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi format\u0131 olarak kullanan bir\u00e7ok web uygulamas\u0131nda standart g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerinin bulunmamas\u0131d\u0131r. JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesiyle ili\u015fkili riskleri azaltmak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftiriciler ve web sitesi y\u00f6neticileri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri uygulayabilir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>G\u00fcvenli JSON Yan\u0131t Paketleyici:<\/strong> JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 &quot;while(1);&quot; gibi g\u00fcvenli bir sarmalay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine al\u0131n. veya &quot;X-\u0130\u00e7erik-T\u00fcr\u00fc-Se\u00e7enekleri: burun \u00e7ekme.&quot; Bu, JSON verilerinin taray\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek potansiyel sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n eri\u015fememesine neden olur.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u00c7apraz Kaynakl\u0131 Kaynak Payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 (CORS):<\/strong> CORS politikalar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131, JSON verilerine \u00e7apraz kaynak eri\u015fimini k\u0131s\u0131tlayarak sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131 muafiyetinden yararlanmas\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde \u00f6nleyebilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Belirte\u00e7 Tabanl\u0131 Kimlik Do\u011frulama:<\/strong> Yetkisiz eri\u015fime kar\u015f\u0131 korunmaya ve JSON ele ge\u00e7irilmesinin etkisini azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek OAuth gibi belirte\u00e7 tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama y\u00f6ntemlerinden yararlan\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0130\u00e7erik G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Politikas\u0131 (CSP):<\/strong> Y\u00f6neticiler, CSP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rarak, web sayfalar\u0131nda hangi etki alanlar\u0131n\u0131n komut dosyalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmesine izin verildi\u011fini kontrol edebilir ve JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi riskini azaltabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ana \u00f6zellikler ve benzer terimlerle di\u011fer kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar tablo ve liste \u015feklinde.<\/h2>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da benzer terimler ve ilgili kavramlarla JSON korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma tablosu verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Terim<\/th>\n<th>Tan\u0131m<\/th>\n<th>Fark<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>JSON Ele Ge\u00e7irilmesi<\/td>\n<td>JSON istekleri i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131 muafiyetinden yararlanan g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/td>\n<td>JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131na \u00f6zel, g\u00fcvenli JSON yan\u0131t sarmalay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 olmayan web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 hedefler.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Siteler Aras\u0131 Komut Dosyas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/td>\n<td>Verileri \u00e7almak veya kullan\u0131c\u0131 oturumlar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in bir web uygulamas\u0131na k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 komut dosyalar\u0131 enjekte ederek sald\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131n.<\/td>\n<td>Komut dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n enjekte edilmesine odaklan\u0131rken JSON ele ge\u00e7irme, JSON verilerine do\u011frudan eri\u015fimi hedefler.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Siteler Aras\u0131 \u0130stek Sahtecili\u011fi (CSRF)<\/td>\n<td>Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fcvenilen bir sitede istenmeyen eylemler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nlendiren sald\u0131r\u0131.<\/td>\n<td>CSRF, kullan\u0131c\u0131 eylemlerine odaklan\u0131rken, JSON ele ge\u00e7irme, JSON i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131ndan yararlanmayla ilgilenir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesiyle ilgili gelece\u011fin perspektifleri ve teknolojileri.<\/h2>\n<p>Web teknolojileri geli\u015ftik\u00e7e JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesiyle ili\u015fkili potansiyel riskler de art\u0131yor. Geli\u015ftiriciler ve g\u00fcvenlik uzmanlar\u0131 bu t\u00fcr g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli olarak yenilik\u00e7i y\u00f6ntemler ar\u0131yor. JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesiyle ilgili gelece\u011fin baz\u0131 potansiyel perspektifleri ve teknolojileri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>G\u00fcvenli JSON Yan\u0131t Sarmalay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Standardizasyonu:<\/strong> Standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir g\u00fcvenli JSON yan\u0131t sarmalay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n benimsenmesi, geli\u015ftiricilerin JSON verilerini ele ge\u00e7irme sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 korumas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>JSON i\u00e7in Geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f Ayn\u0131 Kaynak Politikas\u0131:<\/strong> JSON isteklerini daha kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kapsayacak \u015fekilde ayn\u0131 kaynak politikas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan iyile\u015ftirmeler, JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi riskini azaltabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Web Uygulamas\u0131 G\u00fcvenlik Duvarlar\u0131ndaki (WAF) Geli\u015fmeler:<\/strong> Web Uygulamas\u0131 G\u00fcvenlik Duvarlar\u0131, JSON ele ge\u00e7irme giri\u015fimlerini etkili bir \u015fekilde tespit etmek ve engellemek i\u00e7in daha karma\u015f\u0131k algoritmalar i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>JSON Web Belirte\u00e7lerinin (JWT) Artan Benimsenmesi:<\/strong> JWT&#039;ler, JSON nesneleri olarak taraflar aras\u0131nda bilgi aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir yolunu sa\u011flayarak JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 daha az duyarl\u0131 hale getirir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Proxy sunucular\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilir veya JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesiyle nas\u0131l ili\u015fkilendirilebilir?<\/h2>\n<p>Proxy sunucular\u0131, istemciler ve web sunucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda arac\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rerek JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi riskinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda rol oynayabilir. Proxy sunucular\u0131n\u0131n JSON ele ge\u00e7irmeyle nas\u0131l ili\u015fkilendirilebilece\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Filtreleme \u0130ste\u011fi:<\/strong> Proxy sunucular\u0131, gelen JSON isteklerini filtreleyecek ve olas\u0131 JSON ele ge\u00e7irme giri\u015fimlerinin i\u015faretlerini g\u00f6sterenleri engelleyecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Yan\u0131t Paketleme:<\/strong> Proxy sunucular\u0131, JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 istemcilere teslim etmeden \u00f6nce g\u00fcvenli yan\u0131t ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131yla (\u00f6rne\u011fin, &quot;while(1);&quot;) sarabilir ve bu da ek bir g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>CORS Y\u00f6netimi:<\/strong> Proxy sunucular\u0131 kat\u0131 CORS politikalar\u0131n\u0131 uygulayarak JSON verilerine yetkisiz eri\u015fimi \u00f6nleyebilir ve JSON&#039;un ele ge\u00e7irilmesi riskini en aza indirebilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0130lgili Ba\u011flant\u0131lar<\/h2>\n<p>JSON ele ge\u00e7irme ve web uygulamas\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kaynaklara ba\u015fvurabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/owasp.org\/www-community\/attacks\/JSON_Hijacking\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">OWASP JSON&#039;un Ele Ge\u00e7irilmesi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jeremiahgrossman.com\/2006\/01\/advanced-web-attack-techniques-using.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jeremiah Grossman&#039;\u0131n Blogu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/Security\/Same-origin_policy\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Mozilla Geli\u015ftirici A\u011f\u0131 (MDN) \u2013 Ayn\u0131 Kaynak Politikas\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>JSON ele ge\u00e7irme risklerini anlaman\u0131n ve ele alman\u0131n, web uygulamas\u0131 geli\u015ftiricileri ve y\u00f6neticileri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131 verilerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve gizlili\u011fini sa\u011flamak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n. En iyi uygulamalar\u0131 uygulamak ve en son g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleriyle g\u00fcncel kalmak, bu t\u00fcr g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 korunmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":477748,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477747","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>JSON Hijacking: An Encyclopedia Article<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is JSON hijacking?","answer":"<p>JSON hijacking, also known as \"JavaScript Object Notation hijacking,\" is a security vulnerability that affects web applications using JSON as a data interchange format. It allows attackers to steal sensitive data from the victim's browser when the application lacks proper security measures.<\/p>"},{"question":"Who discovered JSON hijacking, and when was it first mentioned?","answer":"<p>JSON hijacking was first discovered and documented by Jeremiah Grossman in 2006. He brought attention to this vulnerability, highlighting the risks associated with using JSON without appropriate security measures.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does JSON hijacking work?","answer":"<p>JSON hijacking exploits the same-origin policy exemption for JSON requests. The attacker tricks the victim's browser into making an additional cross-origin request, which is intercepted by the attacker's server, granting them direct access to the JSON data.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of JSON hijacking?","answer":"<p>Key features include exploiting the same-origin policy, absence of secure JSON response wrappers, and targeting web applications using JSON endpoints for data exchange.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the types of JSON hijacking?","answer":"<p>JSON hijacking can be classified into two types:<\/p><ol><li>Direct JSON hijacking: The attacker tricks the victim's browser to send JSON directly to the attacker's server.<\/li><li>JSONP hijacking: The attacker manipulates the JSONP callback function to extract JSON data.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How can JSON hijacking be mitigated?","answer":"<p>To prevent JSON hijacking, developers can implement secure JSON response wrappers, utilize CORS policies, employ token-based authentication, and configure Content Security Policy (CSP) headers.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does JSON hijacking differ from Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)?","answer":"<p>JSON hijacking targets the direct access to JSON data exploiting same-origin policy. XSS injects malicious scripts into web apps, while CSRF tricks users into performing unwanted actions on trusted sites.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives and technologies related to JSON hijacking?","answer":"<p>Future developments may include standardized secure JSON response wrappers, improved same-origin policy for JSON, and increased adoption of JSON Web Tokens (JWT) for secure data transmission.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers help protect against JSON hijacking?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can act as intermediaries between clients and web servers, filtering requests, wrapping responses securely, and managing CORS to minimize the risk of JSON hijacking.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477747","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477747\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}