{"id":477724,"date":"2023-08-09T09:19:17","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:19:17","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:17","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:17","slug":"is-is","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wiki\/is-is\/","title":{"rendered":"IS-IS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>IS-IS veya Ara Sistemden Ara Sisteme, veri paketlerini iletmenin en iyi yolunu belirlemek i\u00e7in a\u011f cihazlar\u0131 (y\u00f6nlendiriciler) taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan bir ba\u011flant\u0131 durumu y\u00f6nlendirme protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Esas olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k a\u011f ortamlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve OSI (A\u00e7\u0131k Sistemler Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131) modeli i\u00e7erisinde standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>I\u015e\u0130D&#039;in K\u00f6keninin Tarihi ve \u0130lk Bahsedilmesi<\/h2>\n<p>IS-IS ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta OSI modelinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak ISO 10589&#039;da tan\u0131mland\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli a\u011flar i\u00e7in sa\u011flam y\u00f6nlendirme protokollerine olan ihtiyac\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 1980&#039;lerin sonlar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. IS-IS, Y\u00f6nlendirme Bilgi Protokol\u00fc (RIP) gibi \u00f6nceki protokollere daha \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir bir alternatif olacak \u015fekilde tasarland\u0131 ve 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda RFC 1195 ile IP ortamlar\u0131na uyarland\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2>I\u015e\u0130D Hakk\u0131nda Detayl\u0131 Bilgi: Konuyu Geni\u015fletmek I\u015e\u0130D<\/h2>\n<p>IS-IS, OSI modelinin 2. Katman\u0131nda (Veri Ba\u011flant\u0131 Katman\u0131) \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve bu, farkl\u0131 a\u011f katman\u0131 protokollerini y\u00f6nlendirmesine olanak tan\u0131r. Paket iletimi i\u00e7in en iyi yolu hesaplamak amac\u0131yla bir ba\u011flant\u0131 durumu algoritmas\u0131 kullan\u0131r ve hem IPv4 hem de IPv6&#039;y\u0131 destekleyebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>IS-IS Bile\u015fenleri<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmler<\/strong>: Ara Sistemler (IS) ve Son Sistemler (ES) olarak ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ba\u011flant\u0131 Durumu Paketleri (LSP&#039;ler)<\/strong>: A\u011f\u0131n topolojisi hakk\u0131nda bilgi payla\u015fmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alanlar<\/strong>: A\u011f i\u00e7indeki \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran hiyerar\u015fik atamalar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Seviyeler<\/strong>: \u0130ki hiyerar\u015fik d\u00fczey \u2013 D\u00fczey 1 (alan i\u00e7i) ve D\u00fczey 2 (alanlar aras\u0131).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Protokol Operasyonu<\/h3>\n<p>IS-IS y\u00f6nlendiricileri kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffeder, bilgi al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde bulunur ve t\u00fcm a\u011f hedeflerine giden en k\u0131sa yolu hesaplamak i\u00e7in Dijkstra algoritmas\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>I\u015e\u0130D&#039;in \u0130\u00e7 Yap\u0131s\u0131: I\u015e\u0130D Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor?<\/h2>\n<p>I\u015e\u0130D&#039;in i\u015fleyi\u015fi iki hiyerar\u015fik seviyesi ve \u00e7e\u015fitli mesaj t\u00fcrleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla anla\u015f\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Kom\u015fu Ke\u015ffi<\/strong>: Kom\u015fu ili\u015fkilerini ke\u015ffetmek ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in Merhaba paketlerini kullanma.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Link-State Veritaban\u0131 (LSDB) \u0130n\u015faat\u0131<\/strong>: Ba\u011flant\u0131 Durumu Paketlerini (LSP&#039;ler) kullanarak bir veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fturma ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6nce En K\u0131sa Yol (SPF) Hesaplamas\u0131<\/strong>: Optimum yollar\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in Dijkstra algoritmas\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Mesaj T\u00fcrleri<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Merhaba Paketler<\/strong>: Kom\u015fu ke\u015ffi ve ili\u015fki bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<li><strong>LSP&#039;ler<\/strong>: Topoloji bilgilerini payla\u015fmak i\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tam S\u0131ra Numaras\u0131 Paketleri (CSNP&#039;ler)<\/strong> Ve <strong>K\u0131smi S\u0131ra Numaras\u0131 Paketleri (PSNP&#039;ler)<\/strong>: Veritaban\u0131 senkronizasyonu i\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>IS-IS&#039;in Temel \u00d6zelliklerinin Analizi<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00d6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik<\/strong>: Hiyerar\u015fik yap\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011flara uygundur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Esneklik<\/strong>: Birden fazla a\u011f katman\u0131 protokol\u00fcn\u00fc destekler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sa\u011flaml\u0131k<\/strong>: H\u0131zl\u0131 yak\u0131nsama ve kararl\u0131l\u0131k.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Basit Yap\u0131land\u0131rma<\/strong>: Konfig\u00fcrasyonda minimum karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>IS-IS T\u00fcrleri: Tablo ve Listeleri Kullanmak<\/h2>\n<h3>Y\u00f6nlendirme Seviyeleri<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Seviye<\/th>\n<th>Tan\u0131m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Seviye 1<\/td>\n<td>Bir alan i\u00e7inde y\u00f6nlendirme (alan i\u00e7i).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Seviye 2<\/td>\n<td>Alanlar aras\u0131nda y\u00f6nlendirme (alanlar aras\u0131).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Desteklenen A\u011f Protokolleri<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>IPv4<\/li>\n<li>IPv6<\/li>\n<li>IPX (tarihsel)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>IS-IS Kullan\u0131m Yollar\u0131, Kullan\u0131ma \u0130li\u015fkin Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h2>\n<p>IS-IS, b\u00fcy\u00fck kurumsal ve ISP a\u011flar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak zorluklara kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k de\u011fildir:<\/p>\n<h3>Sorunlar<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011flarda karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k.<\/li>\n<li>Yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f a\u011flarda y\u00f6nlendirme d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri potansiyeli.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Do\u011fru a\u011f tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve segmentasyonu.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00fczenli izleme ve te\u015fhis ara\u00e7lar\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ana \u00d6zellikler ve Benzer Terimlerle Di\u011fer Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar<\/h2>\n<h3>OSPF ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u00d6zellik<\/th>\n<th>IS-IS<\/th>\n<th>OSPF<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>OSI Katman\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Katman 2<\/td>\n<td>Katman 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Protokol Deste\u011fi<\/td>\n<td>\u00c7oklu protokol<\/td>\n<td>IPv4, IPv6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Yap\u0131land\u0131rma<\/td>\n<td>Daha basit<\/td>\n<td>Daha karma\u015f\u0131k<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Alan T\u00fcrleri<\/td>\n<td>Temel Hiyerar\u015fik<\/td>\n<td>\u00c7e\u015fitli Alan Tipleri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>I\u015e\u0130D ile \u0130lgili Gelece\u011fin Perspektifleri ve Teknolojileri<\/h2>\n<p>IS-IS&#039;in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki konularda s\u00fcrekli iyile\u015ftirmeyle gelecekteki a\u011f olu\u015fturmada \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fen olarak kalmas\u0131 bekleniyor:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>G\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri<\/strong>: Kimlik do\u011frulama ve \u015fifrelemede geli\u015ftirmeler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SDN ile entegrasyon<\/strong>: Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Tan\u0131ml\u0131 A\u011f \u0130leti\u015fimi ile \u0130\u015fbirlikleri.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yeni Protokoller Deste\u011fi<\/strong>: Geli\u015fen a\u011f teknolojilerine uyum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Proxy Sunucular\u0131 Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131labilir veya IS-IS ile \u0130li\u015fkilendirilebilir?<\/h2>\n<p>Baz\u0131 a\u011f mimarilerinde proxy sunucular, i\u00e7erik filtreleme, \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma veya g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe kaydetme gibi belirli i\u015flevleri sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in IS-IS ile birlikte da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Proxy sunucular\u0131n\u0131 IS-IS y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle entegre ederek a\u011f performans\u0131 optimize edilebilir ve g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri daha uyumlu bir \u015fekilde uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130lgili Ba\u011flant\u0131lar<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/68959.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISO 10589: Bilgi Teknolojisi \u2013 Telekom\u00fcnikasyon ve Bilgi Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1195\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 1195: TCP\/IP ve \u0130kili Ortamlarda Y\u00f6nlendirme i\u00e7in OSI IS-IS Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/intermediate-system-to-intermediate-system-is-is\/13713-22.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Cisco&#039;nun IS-IS K\u0131lavuzu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">OneProxy Resmi Web Sitesi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu kapsaml\u0131 k\u0131lavuz, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve sa\u011flam y\u00f6nlendirme protokol\u00fc IS-IS&#039;yi, uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131, zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 ve gelecekteki geli\u015fmeleri anlamak i\u00e7in bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r. OneProxy taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flananlara benzer proxy sunucularla etkile\u015fimi, modern a\u011f senaryolar\u0131ndaki potansiyelini daha da geni\u015fletir.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":477725,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477724","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is IS-IS and how does it work?","answer":"<p>IS-IS, which stands for Intermediate System to Intermediate System, is a link-state routing protocol used by routers to determine the best path for forwarding data packets in large and complex network environments. It operates on Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) of the OSI model and can support both IPv4 and IPv6. IS-IS routers discover neighbors, exchange information, and use the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path to all network destinations.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did IS-IS originate?","answer":"<p>IS-IS was initially defined in ISO 10589 as part of the OSI model in the late 1980s. It was developed to provide a more scalable alternative to earlier routing protocols like RIP. In 1990, it was adapted to IP environments with RFC 1195.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of IS-IS?","answer":"<p>IS-IS offers several important features, including scalability for large networks, flexibility in supporting multiple network layer protocols, robustness with quick convergence, and simplicity in configuration.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the different types of IS-IS?","answer":"<p>IS-IS operates with two hierarchical levels: Level 1 for routing within an area (intra-area) and Level 2 for routing between areas (inter-area). It also supports multiple network protocols, including IPv4, IPv6, and IPX (historical).<\/p>"},{"question":"How is IS-IS compared to OSPF?","answer":"<p>While both IS-IS and OSPF are link-state routing protocols, they have some differences. IS-IS operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model, while OSPF operates at Layer 3. IS-IS supports multi-protocol environments, while OSPF primarily focuses on IPv4 and IPv6. IS-IS configuration is generally simpler compared to OSPF's more complex setup.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers be associated with IS-IS?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can be used alongside IS-IS in certain network architectures to enhance performance and security. By integrating proxy servers with IS-IS routing, specific functionalities like content filtering, caching, and logging can be provided, optimizing network operations.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future prospects of IS-IS?","answer":"<p>The future of IS-IS is promising, with continuous improvements in security measures, integration with SDN (Software-Defined Networking), and support for emerging network protocols and technologies.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about IS-IS?","answer":"<p>For further information about IS-IS, you can refer to the ISO standard 10589 and RFC 1195. Additionally, Cisco offers a comprehensive guide to IS-IS, and you can explore OneProxy's website for more networking solutions and resources.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477724","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477724\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477724"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}