{"id":477304,"date":"2023-08-09T09:10:23","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:10:23","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:26","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:26","slug":"free-software","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wiki\/free-software\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m, \u00f6zg\u00fcrce kullan\u0131labilen, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131labilen ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilen program ve uygulamalar\u0131 ifade eder. Konsept, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, payla\u015fma, inceleme ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme haklar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc felsefesini kapsar. Ama\u00e7, yaz\u0131l\u0131m end\u00fcstrisinde \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kullan\u0131c\u0131 kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ve bilgi ve yenili\u011fin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmektir.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu: K\u0131sa Bir Tarih<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m kavram\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keni, MIT Yapay Zeka Laboratuvar\u0131&#039;nda bilgisayar programc\u0131s\u0131 olan Richard Stallman&#039;\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Hareketi&#039;ni ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 1980&#039;lerin ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini veya payla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan \u00f6zel yaz\u0131l\u0131m modelinden memnun olmayan Stallman, yaz\u0131l\u0131m kullan\u0131m\u0131nda &#039;D\u00f6rt \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck&#039;\u00fc savunan yeni bir paradigmay\u0131 savundu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck 0: Program\u0131 diledi\u011finiz gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck 1: Program\u0131n kaynak kodunu inceleme ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck 2: Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n kopyalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden da\u011f\u0131tma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck 3: De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f versiyonlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kopyalar\u0131n\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu \u00e7abadaki ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck proje, 1983&#039;te ba\u015flat\u0131lan GNU i\u015fletim sistemiydi. GNU, \u00f6zg\u00fcr, Unix benzeri bir i\u015fletim sistemi olarak tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in &#039;GNU Unix De\u011fildir&#039; ifadesinin yinelenen bir k\u0131saltmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131ma Daha Derin Bir Bak\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kaynak koduna eri\u015fimini garanti etmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zel m\u00fclk yaz\u0131l\u0131mdan temel olarak farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6zel m\u00fclk yaz\u0131l\u0131mlarda kaynak kodu genellikle gizlidir; bu, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyemeyece\u011fi veya onu kendi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6zelle\u015ftiremeyece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftiricileri bir program yazd\u0131klar\u0131nda kaynak kodunu kamuya sunarlar. Bu a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015filebilirlik, kodlama becerisine sahip herkesin kodu incelemesine, hatalar\u0131 bulmas\u0131na, i\u015flevlerini geli\u015ftirmesine ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kendi \u00f6zel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re uyarlamas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Bu i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131m, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kendilerinin yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n geli\u015fimine katk\u0131da bulunma yetkisine sahip oldu\u011fu, s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fim ve iyile\u015ftirme ekosistemini destekler.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n \u0130\u00e7 Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131nda yatan yap\u0131, do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi onun &#039;a\u00e7\u0131k&#039; do\u011fas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Python, Java, C++ veya di\u011ferleri gibi \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir dilde yaz\u0131lan kaynak kodu kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulur. Geli\u015ftiriciler ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u015fleyi\u015fini anlamak, de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapmak ve hatta tamamen yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnler olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in bu kodu derinlemesine inceleyebilirler.<\/p>\n<p>Yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftiricileri GitHub, GitLab veya SourceForge gibi platformlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yaparak projeleri &#039;\u00e7atallayabilir&#039; (kopyalayabilir ve de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir), de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u00f6nerebilir ve katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 orijinal kaynak koduyla birle\u015ftirebilirler. Bu \u015fekilde, \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m projesi topluluk kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 yoluyla s\u00fcrekli olarak geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kullan\u0131c\u0131 \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kullanabilir, kopyalayabilir, da\u011f\u0131tabilir, inceleyebilir, de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir ve geli\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0130\u015fbirli\u011fine Dayal\u0131 Geli\u015fim:<\/strong> D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok geli\u015ftirici ve kullan\u0131c\u0131, yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesine ve iyile\u015ftirilmesine katk\u0131da bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u015eeffafl\u0131k:<\/strong> Eri\u015filebilir kaynak koduyla t\u00fcm yaz\u0131l\u0131m eylemleri incelenebilir, b\u00f6ylece g\u00fcven ve g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilirlik:<\/strong> \u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m genellikle a\u00e7\u0131k standartlara ba\u011fl\u0131 kalarak di\u011fer yaz\u0131l\u0131mlarla uyumlulu\u011fu ve entegrasyonu te\u015fvik eder.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Maliyet etkinli\u011fi:<\/strong> \u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m mutlaka \u00fccretsiz olmasa da, genellikle \u00f6zel m\u00fclk emsallerine k\u0131yasla daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetlere neden olur.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n<p>\u00dccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi i\u015flevlerine g\u00f6re kategorize edilebilir:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Kategori<\/th>\n<th>\u00d6rnekler<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130\u015fletim sistemleri<\/td>\n<td>GNU\/Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ofis tak\u0131mlar\u0131<\/td>\n<td>LibreOffice, OpenOffice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Mozilla Firefox, Krom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Grafik Edit\u00f6rleri<\/td>\n<td>GIMP, Inkscape<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IDE&#039;leri programlama<\/td>\n<td>Eclipse, Atom, Visual Studio Kodu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Veritabanlar\u0131<\/td>\n<td>MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Medya Oynat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131<\/td>\n<td>VLC, Cesur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sunucular<\/td>\n<td>Apache HTTP Sunucusu, nginx, Tomcat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Kullanmak: Zorluklar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m bir\u00e7ok avantaj sunarken ayn\u0131 zamanda baz\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 da beraberinde getirir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k:<\/strong> \u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n kurulmas\u0131, kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi genellikle teknik uzmanl\u0131k gerektirir ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 gerekli becerilere sahip ki\u015filerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Destek:<\/strong> Topluluk temelli model g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ticari yaz\u0131l\u0131mlarda oldu\u011fu gibi \u00f6zel m\u00fc\u015fteri hizmetleri veya resmi destek kanallar\u0131 mevcut olmayabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ancak bu sorunlar genellikle forumlarda, e-posta listelerinde ve StackOverflow gibi \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i platformlarda sunulan canl\u0131 topluluk deste\u011fiyle hafifletilir. Ek olarak, bir\u00e7ok \u00fccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m projesi \u00fccretli profesyonel destek sunarak i\u015fletmelerin \u00fccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kullanabilmesini ve gerekti\u011finde uzman yard\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcvencesini almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Benzer Kavramlarla Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve \u00fccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m benzer gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, farkl\u0131 felsefeleri ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m modellerini ifade ederler.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u00dccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini vurgular; Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrce kullanabilir, de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir ve da\u011f\u0131tabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>A\u00e7\u0131k Kaynak Yaz\u0131l\u0131m:<\/strong> A\u00e7\u0131k kaynak koduna sahip olman\u0131n artan kalite, g\u00fcvenilirlik ve esneklik gibi teknik faydalar\u0131na odaklan\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131mla uyumlu olsa da kullan\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini ayn\u0131 derecede vurgulamayabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u00dccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m:<\/strong> Bu, herhangi bir parasal maliyet olmaks\u0131z\u0131n kullan\u0131labilen bir yaz\u0131l\u0131md\u0131r. Ancak kaynak kodu genellikle mevcut de\u011fildir ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Gelecek Perspektifleri: \u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve Geli\u015fen Teknolojiler<\/h2>\n<p>Teknoloji geli\u015ftik\u00e7e, \u00f6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir rol oynamas\u0131 muhtemeldir. A\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fbirli\u011fi modeli \u00f6zellikle yapay zeka, Makine \u00d6\u011frenimi, Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti, Blockchain ve daha fazlas\u0131 gibi son teknoloji alanlar i\u00e7in uygundur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Makine \u00d6\u011frenimi ve Yapay Zeka i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi olan TensorFlow, halihaz\u0131rda bu alanlara \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve Proxy Sunucular\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Proxy sunucular\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda, \u00fccretsiz yaz\u0131l\u0131m, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve esnek bir a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 proxy sunucu yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 olan Squid gibi, proxy sunucular\u0131n\u0131 kurmak ve y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u00e7lar sunabilir. Bu t\u00fcr ara\u00e7larla kullan\u0131c\u0131lar kendi proxy sunucular\u0131n\u0131 kurabilir, i\u015flemlerini \u00f6zelle\u015ftirebilir, veri gizlili\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flayabilirler.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130lgili Ba\u011flant\u0131lar<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kaynaklar\u0131 ziyaret edin:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fsf.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u00d6zg\u00fcr Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Vakf\u0131 (FSF)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gnu.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">GNU \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/opensource.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">A\u00e7\u0131k Kaynak Giri\u015fimi (OSI)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sourceforge.net\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">SourceForge \u2013 Topluluk Kayna\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">GitHub \u2013 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Platformu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.squid-cache.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Kalamar Proxy Sunucusu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m alan\u0131, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki tutkulu geli\u015ftiricilerin kolektif katk\u0131lar\u0131yla beslenen, geni\u015f ve s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fen bir alan. \u0130ster geli\u015ftirici, ister i\u015fletme sahibi, ister s\u0131radan bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olun, \u00f6zg\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ke\u015ffetmek dijital \u00f6zerklik, yenilik ve i\u015fbirli\u011fine dayal\u0131 sorun \u00e7\u00f6zme i\u00e7in yeni yollar a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":468446,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477304","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Free Software: An Open Revolution in Digital Technology<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is free software?","answer":"<p>Free software refers to programs and applications that can be freely used, distributed, and modified. It emphasizes user rights to run, share, study, and alter the software, promoting transparency, user control, and the unrestricted dissemination of knowledge and innovation in the software industry.<\/p>"},{"question":"Who initiated the Free Software Movement and when?","answer":"<p>The Free Software Movement was initiated by Richard Stallman, a computer programmer at MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, in the early 1980s. The first major project under this movement was the GNU operating system, launched in 1983.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the 'Four Freedoms' of software usage in free software?","answer":"<p>The 'Four Freedoms' of software usage include: Freedom 0 - the freedom to run the program as you wish; Freedom 1 - the freedom to study and modify the program's source code; Freedom 2 - the freedom to redistribute copies of the software; Freedom 3 - the freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does free software differ from proprietary software?","answer":"<p>Free software fundamentally differs from proprietary software by granting users access to its source code. This allows users to study how the software works, or customize it to suit their needs, a feature not available with proprietary software.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some examples of free software?","answer":"<p>Examples of free software include GNU\/Linux (operating system), LibreOffice (office suite), Mozilla Firefox (web browser), GIMP (graphic editor), Eclipse (programming IDE), MySQL (database), and VLC (media player), among others.<\/p>"},{"question":"What challenges can users face while using free software and how can these be addressed?","answer":"<p>Users might find free software complex to use and may lack dedicated customer service or official support channels. However, these issues are often mitigated by vibrant community support available in forums, mailing lists, and online platforms. Many free software projects also offer paid professional support.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the differences between free software, open-source software, and freeware?","answer":"<p>While free software emphasizes user freedoms, open-source software focuses on technical benefits such as increased quality, reliability, and flexibility. Freeware refers to software available for use at no monetary cost, but usually does not provide access to source code or the freedoms to modify or distribute the software.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the role of free software in future technologies?","answer":"<p>Free software is likely to play an integral role in the development of emerging technologies like AI, Machine Learning, IoT, and Blockchain due to its open collaboration model.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can free software be associated with proxy servers?","answer":"<p>Free software can offer a range of tools for setting up and managing proxy servers. With these tools, users can set up their own proxy servers, customize their operations, and ensure data privacy and security.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some resources for more information about free software?","answer":"<p>Some resources for more information on free software include the Free Software Foundation (FSF), the GNU Operating System website, Open Source Initiative (OSI), SourceForge, GitHub, and the Squid Proxy Server website.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477304\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}