{"id":477079,"date":"2023-08-09T09:06:59","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:06:59","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:57","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:57","slug":"embedded-software","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wiki\/embedded-software\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m, donan\u0131m cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n ve sistemlerinin i\u015flevselli\u011fini kontrol eden, izleyen ve y\u00f6neten \u00f6zel bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. PC'lerde ve mobil cihazlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan genel ama\u00e7l\u0131 bilgisayar yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n aksine, g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131, \u00f6zel bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve kontrol etti\u011fi donan\u0131m\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Evrimi<\/h2>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistem kavram\u0131 ve ilgili yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n k\u00f6keni 1960'lara kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. MIT'de Charles Stark Draper taraf\u0131ndan tasarlanan ve Apollo'nun aya ini\u015f g\u00f6revlerinde kullan\u0131lan Apollo Rehberlik Bilgisayar\u0131, ilk g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistem olarak kabul ediliyor. G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m, 1971'de Intel m\u00fchendisi Ted Hoff'un ilk mikroi\u015flemci olan Intel 4004'\u00fc \u00fcretmesiyle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131\u00e7rama yaparak g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistemlerin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir art\u0131\u015f sa\u011flad\u0131. G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n ilk s\u00f6z\u00fc, mikrodenetleyici uygulamalar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015fla ayn\u0131 zamana denk gelen 1980'lerin ortalar\u0131nda teknik literat\u00fcrde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131ma Derin Bir Bak\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m, ev aletlerinden, t\u0131bbi ekipmanlara, end\u00fcstriyel kontrol\u00f6rlerden otomobillere ve u\u00e7a\u011fa kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli sistemlerin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Belirli bir g\u00f6revi veya g\u00f6revleri daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sistem i\u00e7inde, genellikle ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 bilgi i\u015flem k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 'G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc' oldu\u011fundan g\u00fcvenilirlik, verimlilik ve kompaktl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kat\u0131 gereksinimlere sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Bir bilgisayarda \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yan geleneksel masa\u00fcst\u00fc uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n aksine, g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131 genellikle tekil bir i\u015fleve sahiptir. Cihaza g\u00fc\u00e7 verildi\u011fi anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar ve cihaz\u0131n t\u00fcm kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 tekellerine al\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131m genellikle C, C++ veya Python gibi \u00fcst d\u00fczey dillerde yaz\u0131l\u0131r, ancak montaj dili yine de h\u0131z veya ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 yan\u0131tlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Tipik olarak yaz\u0131l\u0131m, hedef g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc ayg\u0131tta \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 bir sistemde (ana bilgisayar) \u00e7apraz derlenir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Arkas\u0131ndaki Di\u015fliler<\/h2>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m, \u00e7evresel ayg\u0131tlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistemler, mikroi\u015flemciler veya mikrodenetleyiciler ile sinerji i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 bir mikroi\u015flemci veya mikrodenetleyici \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve sens\u00f6rler, akt\u00fcat\u00f6rler ve ileti\u015fim aray\u00fczleri gibi \u00e7evre birimleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla fiziksel d\u00fcnyayla etkile\u015fime girer.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131m, olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kodlanan \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f bir i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 takip eder. Karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 bir i\u015fletim sistemi (RTOS) kullanabilir veya bir i\u015fletim sistemi olmadan tamamen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m, onu di\u011fer yaz\u0131l\u0131m t\u00fcrlerinden ay\u0131ran birka\u00e7 kritik \u00f6zellik sergiler:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Ger\u00e7ek Zamanl\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>: \u00c7o\u011fu g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistemin ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 gereksinimleri vard\u0131r. Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n olaylara veya girdilere sabit bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde yan\u0131t vermesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve G\u00fcvenilirlik<\/strong>: \u00c7o\u011funlukla kritik i\u015flevleri yerine getirdiklerinden uzun s\u00fcre ar\u0131zas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Bellek Verimlili\u011fi<\/strong>: G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistemler genellikle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 belle\u011fe sahiptir ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131 tasarruflu kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    G\u00fc\u00e7 verimlili\u011fi<\/strong>: \u00c7o\u011fu g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistem pille \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve verimli g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    \u00d6zel \u0130\u015flevsellik<\/strong>: G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m, genel ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlardan farkl\u0131 olarak belirli g\u00f6revleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n

    G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6nlere g\u00f6re geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir. \u0130\u015fte tablo halinde bir g\u00f6sterim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0130\u015flevselli\u011fe Dayal\u0131<\/th>\nKarma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa Dayal\u0131<\/th>\nPerformansa Dayal\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Kontrol Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nBasit (Tek G\u00f6rev)<\/td>\nGer\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0130zleme Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nOrta (\u00c7oklu g\u00f6rev)<\/td>\nGer\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olmayan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Veri \u0130\u015fleme Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nKarma\u015f\u0131k (RTOS tabanl\u0131)<\/td>\n\u2013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Kullan\u0131m\u0131, Sorunlar\u0131 ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h2>\n

    G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck kullan\u0131m aletlerinden, e\u011flence sistemlerine, t\u0131bbi ekipmanlara, end\u00fcstriyel otomasyona, ula\u015f\u0131m sistemlerine, telekom\u00fcnikasyona, kritik havac\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da uygulamas\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Ancak g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n tasarlanmas\u0131 ve uygulanmas\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kaynaklar, donan\u0131m ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 gereksinimler ve kat\u0131 emniyet ve g\u00fcvenlik standartlar\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok zorlu\u011fu beraberinde getirir. Bunlar\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in m\u00fchendisler dikkatli sistem tasar\u0131m\u0131, etkili algoritmalar, titiz testler ve do\u011frulama s\u00fcre\u00e7leri gibi stratejiler kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Benzer Terimlerle Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Terim<\/th>\nTan\u0131m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Firmware<\/td>\nROM veya flash bellek gibi kal\u0131c\u0131 bellekte saklanan bir t\u00fcr g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m. Bir cihaz\u0131n belirli donan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeli kontrol sa\u011flar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ger\u00e7ek Zamanl\u0131 Sistem Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nBelirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde belirli bir yetene\u011fi garanti eden yaz\u0131l\u0131m. \u00c7o\u011fu kritik g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistem bunu kullan\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sistem yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nBilgisayar donan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netilmesinden ve kontrol edilmesinden, uygulama yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n etkinle\u015ftirilmesinden sorumlu yaz\u0131l\u0131m. \u0130\u015fletim sistemlerini, ayg\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerini ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 programlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Hem genel ama\u00e7l\u0131 hem de g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc olabildi\u011fi i\u00e7in g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131mdan daha geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Gelecek Perspektifleri ve Teknolojileri<\/h2>\n

    G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n gelece\u011fi, IoT (Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti), Yapay Zeka ve Makine \u00d6\u011frenimi, Siber Fiziksel Sistemler ve U\u00e7 Bilgi \u0130\u015flem gibi trendler taraf\u0131ndan \u015fekilleniyor. Bu alanlardaki ilerlemeler giderek daha ak\u0131ll\u0131, otonom ve ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistemlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Proxy Sunucular\u0131 ve G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m<\/h2>\n

    Proxy sunucular\u0131 g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistemlerle \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde etkile\u015fime girebilir. G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc cihazlar\u0131n internete g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde ba\u011flanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir, onlar\u0131 harici a\u011flara do\u011frudan maruz kalmaktan koruyabilir, trafi\u011fi y\u00fck dengeleyebilir ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 al\u0131m i\u00e7in verileri \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alabilir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n, genellikle a\u011f programlama ve siber g\u00fcvenlik unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren, bu hususlar\u0131 ele alacak \u015fekilde tasarlanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

    \u0130lgili Ba\u011flant\u0131lar<\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m \u2013 Vikipedi<\/a><\/li>\n
    2. G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Sistemlere Giri\u015f \u2013 MIT OpenCourseWare<\/a><\/li>\n
    3. G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve Sistemler | Coursera<\/a><\/li>\n
    4. G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc Sistem Programlama \u2013 edX<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477079","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Embedded Software: The Heartbeat of Modern Electronics<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is embedded software?","answer":"

      Embedded software is a type of software that controls, monitors, and manages the functionality of hardware devices and systems. It operates in a limited, dedicated fashion and is integral to the hardware it controls.<\/p>"},{"question":"When and where did the concept of embedded software originate?","answer":"

      The concept of embedded systems and the associated software traces back to the 1960s. The first embedded system is considered to be the Apollo Guidance Computer, engineered by Charles Stark Draper at MIT for the Apollo moon landing missions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does embedded software function?","answer":"

      Embedded software functions in synergy with embedded systems, microprocessors or microcontrollers, and peripheral devices. It runs a predetermined sequence of operations coded during its creation. Depending on the complexity, it may use a real-time operating system (RTOS) or may run bare-metal without an operating system.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some key features of embedded software?","answer":"

      Key features of embedded software include real-time operation, stability and reliability, memory efficiency, power efficiency, and specific functionality.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of embedded software exist?","answer":"

      Embedded software can be categorized based on functionality into control software, monitoring software, and data processing software. It can also be classified based on complexity into simple (single task), moderate (multi-task), and complex (RTOS based), or based on performance into real-time and non-real-time.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some challenges associated with embedded software and how are they mitigated?","answer":"

      Designing and implementing embedded software poses several challenges, including limited resources, hardware dependencies, real-time requirements, and stringent safety and security standards. Engineers mitigate these by employing strategies such as careful system design, efficient algorithms, rigorous testing, and validation processes.<\/p>"},{"question":"What future perspectives and technologies are shaping embedded software?","answer":"

      The future of embedded software is being shaped by trends like the Internet of Things (IoT), AI and Machine Learning, Cyber-Physical Systems, and Edge Computing. These advancements will lead to increasingly intelligent, autonomous, and connected embedded systems.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers interact with embedded software?","answer":"

      Proxy servers can help embedded devices connect securely to the internet, shield them from direct exposure to external networks, load-balance traffic, and cache data for faster retrieval. Embedded software needs to be designed to handle these aspects, which involves network programming and cybersecurity elements.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477079\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}