{"id":476862,"date":"2023-08-09T09:04:34","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:04:34","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:35","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:35","slug":"distributed-denial-of-service-ddos","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wiki\/distributed-denial-of-service-ddos\/","title":{"rendered":"Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi (DDoS)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi (DDoS) sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131, hedefi veya \u00e7evresindeki altyap\u0131y\u0131 internet trafi\u011fi seli ile bunaltarak bir a\u011f\u0131n, hizmetin veya sunucunun d\u00fczenli i\u015fleyi\u015fini bozmaya y\u00f6nelik k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli bir giri\u015fimdir.<\/p>\n<h2>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi (DDoS) Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Evrimi<\/h2>\n<p>DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kenleri internetin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131yor ve en eski \u00f6rneklerinden biri 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana geldi. Bu, en eski internet servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olan PANIX&#039;e kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u201cPanik Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131\u201dyd\u0131. &quot;Hizmet Reddi&quot; terimi ilk kez bu sald\u0131r\u0131yla ilgili olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131 ve bu, ilk kez resmi olarak ifade edildi.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak birden fazla sistemin tek bir hedefe senkronize sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenledi\u011fi Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015f 1999 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi. \u0130lk y\u00fcksek profilli DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Kanadal\u0131 bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun, &quot;Mafiaboy&quot; ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak CNN, Yahoo, Amazon ve eBay gibi y\u00fcksek profilli web sitelerini hedef ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddine (DDoS) Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 Genel Bak\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n<p>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi (DDoS) sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, internet istikrar\u0131 ve hizmet s\u00fcreklili\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir tehdittir. Hizmet kesintisine neden olmay\u0131, itibara zarar vermeyi veya mali kay\u0131plara neden olmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan siber su\u00e7lular taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenleniyorlar. Nesnelerin internetinin (IoT), bulut bili\u015fimin y\u00fckseli\u015fi ve i\u015fletmelerin \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla birlikte, DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de artt\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi (DDoS) Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Mekani\u011fi<\/h2>\n<p>DDooS sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131, g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ihlal edilmi\u015f birden fazla bilgisayar\u0131n tek bir sisteme sald\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 ve Hizmet Reddi&#039;ne (DoS) neden olmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Sald\u0131rganlar genellikle k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m kullanarak a\u011flar\u0131 ihlal ediyor ve sistemleri ele ge\u00e7irerek onlar\u0131 bir &quot;bot&quot;a veya &quot;zombiye&quot; d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor. &quot;Botnet&quot; olarak bilinen bu botlardan olu\u015fan bir a\u011f, on binlerce ki\u015fiye ula\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Sald\u0131r\u0131, bu botnet&#039;lerin hedefi trafik veya isteklerle doldurmas\u0131, sistemin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenmesi ve hedef kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in eri\u015filemez hale gelmesiyle meydana gelir. Temel ama\u00e7, sistemin istekleri i\u015fleme yetene\u011fini a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckleyerek hizmet reddine veya yava\u015flamaya neden olmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi&#039;nin (DDoS) Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u00d6l\u00e7ek<\/strong>: DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, saniyede y\u00fczlerce gigabit trafik i\u00e7erebilen b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleriyle ay\u0131rt edilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Do\u011fa<\/strong>: DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 birden fazla sistemden kaynaklan\u0131r ve bu da onlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ve azaltmay\u0131 daha zor hale getirir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u00c7oklu Hedefler<\/strong>: Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar bir a\u011f i\u00e7indeki altyap\u0131y\u0131, uygulamalar\u0131 ve hatta belirli hizmetleri hedefleyebilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong>: DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 saatlerce, hatta g\u00fcnlerce s\u00fcrebilir; sald\u0131rganlar savunma \u00f6nlemlerinden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f yapar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi (DDoS) Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n<p>DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, her biri farkl\u0131 taktiklere ve hafifletme yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na sahip \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerde gelir. \u0130\u015fte en yayg\u0131n t\u00fcrlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n listesi:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Hacim Tabanl\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131lar<\/strong>: UDP ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131, ICMP ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011fer sahte paket ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Ama\u00e7, sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayan sitenin bant geni\u015fli\u011fini doyurmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Protokol Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>: SYN ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131, par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f paket sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, Ping of Death&#039;i, Smurf DDoS&#039;yi vb. i\u00e7erir. Bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lar, ger\u00e7ek sunucu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 veya g\u00fcvenlik duvarlar\u0131 ve y\u00fck dengeleyiciler gibi ara ileti\u015fim ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcketir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Uygulama Katman\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>: HTTP GET\/POST sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, Slowloris gibi yava\u015f sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, s\u0131f\u0131r g\u00fcn DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, Apache, Windows veya OpenBSD g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 vb. i\u00e7erir. Bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lar Apache, Windows veya OpenBSD g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 hedefler ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla e\u015flik eder g\u00fcvenlik ihlali nedeniyle.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>DDoS Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Kullan\u0131m, Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/h2>\n<p>DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 genellikle siber su\u00e7lular taraf\u0131ndan genellikle fidye, itibar\u0131n zedelenmesi veya yaln\u0131zca kaos yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla hizmet operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 aksatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kiral\u0131k DDoS hizmetlerinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 teknik bilgiye sahip ki\u015filerin bile g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sald\u0131r\u0131lar ba\u015flatabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n<p>DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131yla ilgili sorun, me\u015fru trafi\u011fi botnet trafi\u011finden ay\u0131rman\u0131n zorlu\u011fudur. H\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131 gibi geleneksel y\u00f6ntemler etkisiz olabilir ve normal servis i\u015fleyi\u015fini engelleyebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler, yapay zeka ve makine \u00f6\u011freniminin anormal trafik d\u00fczenlerini tan\u0131mlamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fu anormallik tabanl\u0131 alg\u0131lama ve uygulama katman\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flayan web uygulamas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik duvarlar\u0131 (WAF&#039;ler) gibi daha geli\u015fmi\u015f y\u00f6ntemleri i\u00e7erir. Bant geni\u015fli\u011finin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131, sald\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ek bir arabellek de sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Benzer Terimlerle Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Terim<\/th>\n<th>Tan\u0131m<\/th>\n<th>Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>DOS sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Hizmet Reddi sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 tek bir makineden gelir ve bir makineyi veya a\u011f kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131lamaz hale getirmeyi ama\u00e7lar.<\/td>\n<td>DDoS&#039;tan farkl\u0131 olarak DoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmaz, bu da sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bot a\u011f\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Her biri bir veya daha fazla bot \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran, internete ba\u011fl\u0131 cihazlardan olu\u015fan bir koleksiyon.<\/td>\n<td>Bot a\u011flar\u0131 genellikle DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda spam g\u00f6ndermek, veri \u00e7almak vb. i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>K\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m<\/td>\n<td>Bir sistemi bozmak, ona zarar vermek veya yetkisiz eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131l\u0131m.<\/td>\n<td>K\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m, DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lanlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 arac\u0131 kapsayan geni\u015f bir terimdir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>DDoS ile \u0130lgili Gelecek Perspektifleri ve Teknolojiler<\/h2>\n<p>5G&#039;nin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve IoT cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131yla birlikte DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n potansiyel \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi de artacak. Ancak yapay zeka ve makine \u00f6\u011frenimindeki ilerlemeler potansiyel azaltma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri sunuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Gelecekte, tehditlere dinamik olarak yan\u0131t verebilen &quot;ak\u0131ll\u0131&quot; savunma sistemlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi muhtemeldir. Blockchain teknolojisi merkezi olmayan yap\u0131s\u0131yla bu sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 da potansiyel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<h2>Proxy Sunucular\u0131 ve DDoS Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Proxy sunucular DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 savunmada \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayabilir. Proxy, hedefin IP adresini maskeleyerek ve gelen istekleri birden fazla sunucuya da\u011f\u0131tarak DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n etkisini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilir. OneProxy gibi hizmetler, a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 koruman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131, g\u00fcvenilir ve g\u00fcvenli proxy sunucular\u0131 sunar.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130lgili Ba\u011flant\u0131lar<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/learning\/ddos\/what-is-a-ddos-attack\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Cloudflare&#039;den DDoS Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.akamai.com\/us\/en\/multimedia\/documents\/state-of-the-internet\/q1-2017-state-of-the-internet-security-report.pdf\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Akamai&#039;nin \u0130nternetin Durumu \/ G\u00fcvenlik Raporu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.us-cert.gov\/ncas\/tips\/ST04-015\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">DDoS Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin US-CERT K\u0131lavuzu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.imperva.com\/learn\/application-security\/ddos-attack\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Imperva&#039;n\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ve DDoS Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Savunma<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476862","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>The Comprehensive Guide to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?","answer":"<p>A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is a malicious attempt to disrupt the regular functioning of a network, service, or server by overwhelming the target or its surrounding infrastructure with a flood of internet traffic.<\/p>"},{"question":"When did the first DDoS attack occur?","answer":"<p>The first high-profile DDoS attack happened in 2000, when a 15-year-old Canadian boy, known online as \"Mafiaboy\", targeted high-profile websites such as CNN, Yahoo, Amazon, and eBay.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of a DDoS attack?","answer":"<p>Key features of a DDoS attack include its scale (which can involve hundreds of gigabits per second of traffic), its distributed nature (attacks originate from multiple systems), its ability to target multiple elements of infrastructure, applications, or specific services within a network, and its persistence, with attacks lasting for hours or even days.<\/p>"},{"question":"How do DDoS attacks work?","answer":"<p>DDoS attacks involve multiple compromised computers to attack a single system causing a Denial of Service (DoS). Attackers use malware to breach networks and take over systems, turning them into a \"bot,\" or \"zombie.\" A network of these bots, known as a \"botnet,\" is then used to flood the target with traffic or requests, overwhelming the system and making it inaccessible to intended users.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the different types of DDoS attacks?","answer":"<p>DDoS attacks come in various forms including volume based attacks (like UDP floods, ICMP floods), protocol attacks (like SYN floods, fragmented packet attacks), and application layer attacks (like HTTP GET\/POST floods, slow attacks like Slowloris).<\/p>"},{"question":"What solutions exist to mitigate DDoS attacks?","answer":"<p>Solutions include advanced methods like anomaly-based detection, where AI and machine learning help identify abnormal traffic patterns, and web application firewalls (WAFs) that protect against application layer attacks. Overprovisioning bandwidth can also provide an additional buffer during an attack.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers be used in relation to DDoS attacks?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can play an important role in defending against DDoS attacks. By masking the target's IP address and distributing incoming requests across multiple servers, a proxy can significantly limit the effect of a DDoS attack. Services like OneProxy offer high-speed, reliable, and secure proxy servers that can help protect your network against such attacks.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives and technologies related to DDoS?","answer":"<p>With the advent of 5G and the proliferation of IoT devices, the potential scale of DDoS attacks is set to grow. However, advancements in AI and machine learning offer potential mitigation solutions. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized nature, can also provide potential solutions against these attacks.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476862\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}