{"id":476746,"date":"2023-08-09T07:35:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:35:16","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-07-22T14:49:46","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T14:49:46","slug":"datagram","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wiki\/datagram\/","title":{"rendered":"Veri birimi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Datagramlar a\u011f ileti\u015fim protokollerinin temel yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131ndan birini temsil eder. Veri paketlerinin iletilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir format sa\u011flayarak \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u011f teknolojileri aras\u0131nda verimli ve esnek veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Datagram\u0131n K\u00f6keni ve \u0130lk S\u00f6z\u00fc<\/h2>\n

Datagram kavram\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keni bilgisayar a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnlerine kadar uzanabilir. Datagram terimi ilk kez 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z bilgisayar bilimcisi Louis Pouzin taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. Pouzin, internetin geli\u015fimini etkileyen \u00f6nc\u00fc bir Frans\u0131z projesi olan CYCLADES a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tasar\u0131m\u0131nda datagram\u0131 tan\u0131tt\u0131.<\/p>\n

CYCLADES a\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemliydi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc u\u00e7tan uca ilkesini ve ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131z a\u011f katman\u0131n\u0131 uygulayan ilk a\u011flardan biriydi. Bu a\u011f, paketlerin veya datagramlar\u0131n ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 g\u00f6nderilmesine ve her birinin kaynaktan hedefe kendi yolunu bulmas\u0131na izin verdi.<\/p>\n

Datagram: Daha Yak\u0131ndan Bir Bak\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n

Bilgisayar a\u011f\u0131 alan\u0131nda, bir datagram, kaynak ve hedef bilgisayarlar aras\u0131ndaki daha \u00f6nceki al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flere dayanmaks\u0131z\u0131n, kaynaktan hedefe y\u00f6nlendirilmeye yetecek kadar bilgiyi ta\u015f\u0131yan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir veri paketidir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle datagramlar, her biri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 iletilen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z veri paketleridir.<\/p>\n

Datagramlar, paket anahtarlamal\u0131 bir a\u011f \u00fczerinden veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir protokol olan \u0130nternet Protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn (IP) birincil bile\u015fenidir. Her IP datagram\u0131 yaln\u0131zca y\u00fck\u00fc (ger\u00e7ek veriler) de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda kaynak ve hedef IP adresleri gibi ba\u015fl\u0131k bilgilerini de i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

Datagramlar\u0131n, Datagram Hizmeti modeli olarak bilinen ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131z bir ileti\u015fim modunda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmekte fayda var. Bu modelde her mesaj di\u011ferlerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce kaynak ile hedef aras\u0131nda \u00f6zel bir yolun olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu ba\u011flant\u0131 odakl\u0131 hizmet modelinden farkl\u0131 olarak, iletimden \u00f6nce \u00f6zel bir yol olu\u015fturmaya gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n

Datagram\u0131n Yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0130\u015flevselli\u011fini Anlamak<\/h2>\n

Bir IP datagram\u0131 iki ana bile\u015fenden olu\u015fur:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Datagram Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131: Bu, kaynak ve hedef IP adresleri, kullan\u0131lan protokol (TCP, UDP, vb.), datagram\u0131n toplam uzunlu\u011fu ve par\u00e7alanma ve yeniden birle\u015ftirmeyi kontrol etmek i\u00e7in di\u011fer bayraklar gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli kontrol bilgilerini i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n
  2. Y\u00fck: Bu, datagram\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7ek verilerdir. Genellikle ta\u015f\u0131ma katman\u0131 verilerinin kaps\u00fcllenmi\u015f bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bir datagram bir a\u011f \u00fczerinden iletildi\u011finde, hedefteki a\u011f aray\u00fcz\u00fc katman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131r. Burada, datagram\u0131n bir sonraki nereye iletilece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in IP ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenir. Datagram nihai var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, y\u00fck \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve daha ileri i\u015flemler i\u00e7in OSI modelinin \u00fcst katmanlar\u0131na iletilir.<\/p>\n

    Datagram'\u0131n Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n

    Datagram yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerle birlikte gelir:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k:<\/strong> Her datagram di\u011ferlerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu, herhangi bir s\u0131rayla g\u00f6nderilip al\u0131nabilecekleri anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/li>\n
    2. Kendi kendine yeten:<\/strong> Datagramlar, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131ndan var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirme i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm bilgileri ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    3. \u00d6nceden belirlenmi\u015f bir yol yok:<\/strong> Bir datagram a\u011f\u0131nda veriyi iletmeden \u00f6nce bir yol olu\u015fturmaya gerek yoktur.<\/li>\n
    4. Esnek:<\/strong> Her datagram kendi yolunu se\u00e7ebildi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu model daha sa\u011flam olabilir ve a\u011f ar\u0131zalar\u0131na veya t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 uyarlanabilir.<\/li>\n
    5. Garantili teslimat yok:<\/strong> Datagram a\u011flar\u0131 garantili teslimat veya ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z teslimat bildirimi sa\u011flamaz.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Datagram T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n

      Datagramlar, ili\u015fkili olduklar\u0131 protokole g\u00f6re geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir. En yayg\u0131n ikisi \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. IP Datagram\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130nternet Protokol\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lan bu datagramlar, internet \u00fczerinden veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in birincil paket format\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Veri da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in hem TCP (\u0130letim Kontrol Protokol\u00fc) hem de UDP (Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Datagram Protokol\u00fc) taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n
      2. UDP Datagram\u0131:<\/strong> Bu datagramlar Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Datagram Protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. UDP, IP a\u011flar\u0131 \u00fczerinden veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi i\u00e7in basit ama h\u0131zl\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntem sa\u011flar. TCP'nin karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve ek y\u00fck\u00fcnden yoksundur ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda teslimat\u0131, sipari\u015fi veya hata kontrollerini garanti etmez.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \"Veri<\/a>
        Veri birimi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Datagram Kullan\u0131m\u0131, Zorluklar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/h2>\n

        Datagramlar bilgisayar a\u011flar\u0131ndaki \u00e7ok say\u0131da uygulamada kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Canl\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f, video konferans ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i oyun gibi h\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu ve ara s\u0131ra veri kayb\u0131n\u0131n tolere edilebildi\u011fi senaryolarda \u00f6zellikle kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

        Ancak datagramlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 baz\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 da beraberinde getirir. Teslimat\u0131 garanti etmedikleri veya paketlerin s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 korumad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, baz\u0131 datagramlar kaybolabilir veya hatal\u0131 \u015fekilde ula\u015fabilir. Bu genellikle TCP gibi protokollerin d\u00fczenli, g\u00fcvenilir teslimat sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygulama katman\u0131nda y\u00f6netilir.<\/p>\n

        \u00d6rne\u011fin, datagramlar\u0131 g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in UDP kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, datagramlar\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 onaylamak veya vard\u0131klar\u0131nda bunlar\u0131 yeniden s\u0131ralamak i\u00e7in uygulaman\u0131za ek mant\u0131k olu\u015fturabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

        Datagram ve Benzer A\u011f \u0130leti\u015fimi Terimleri<\/h2>\n
          \n
        1. Datagram ve Paket:<\/strong> Bir datagram, bir paket t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr, \u00f6zellikle kaynaktan hedefe y\u00f6nlendirilecek yeterli bilgiyi ta\u015f\u0131yan, kendi kendine yeten, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir veri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
        2. Datagram ve \u00c7er\u00e7eve:<\/strong> \u00c7er\u00e7eve, bilgisayar a\u011f\u0131ndaki dijital veri iletim birimidir. Bir datagram\u0131n aksine, bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve senkronizasyon bilgilerini, hata kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ve kontrol verilerini i\u00e7erir ve bunlar\u0131n bir sonraki do\u011frudan ba\u011fl\u0131 a\u011f d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcne g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde iletilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Datagram\u0131n Gelece\u011fi ve Geli\u015fen Teknolojiler<\/h2>\n

          A\u011f teknolojisi geli\u015ftik\u00e7e datagram kavram\u0131, \u00f6zellikle verimli, esnek veri iletimi gerektiren Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti (IoT) ve u\u00e7 bilgi i\u015flem gibi teknolojilerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesiyle birlikte ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

          Ayr\u0131ca, Datagram Aktar\u0131m Katman\u0131 G\u00fcvenli\u011finin (DTLS) geli\u015ftirilmesi, g\u00fcvenli datagram tabanl\u0131 uygulamalara olan ilginin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. DTLS, TLS (g\u00fcvenli web taramas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r) ile ayn\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik garantilerini sa\u011flar, ancak UDP gibi datagram protokolleri i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

          Proxy Sunucular\u0131 ve Datagram<\/h2>\n

          Proxy sunucular\u0131 datagramlar\u0131 i\u015fleyebilir ve di\u011fer sunuculardan kaynak arayan istemcilerden gelen istekler i\u00e7in arac\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rebilir. G\u00fcvenlik, gizlilik ve veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flevler sa\u011flayabilirler.<\/p>\n

          \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir proxy sunucusu, bir istemcinin di\u011fer a\u011f hizmetleriyle dolayl\u0131 bir a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kurmas\u0131na izin verebilir. Bir istemci proxy sunucusuna ba\u011flanarak bir ba\u011flant\u0131, dosya veya farkl\u0131 bir sunucuda bulunan di\u011fer kaynaklar\u0131 talep eder. Proxy sunucusu, kayna\u011f\u0131 muhtemelen belirtilen sunucuya ba\u011flanarak veya sunucuya bir \u00f6nbellekten hizmet vererek sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

          Datagramlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, bir proxy sunucusu bunlar\u0131 yakalayabilir, verileri okuyabilir ve yorumlayabilir ve ard\u0131ndan datagram\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilir. Bu, veri biriminin yeniden y\u00f6nlendirilmesini, verinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini ve hatta tamamen bloke edilmesini i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n

          \u0130lgili Ba\u011flant\u0131lar<\/h2>\n

          Datagramlar ve ilgili kavramlar hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kaynaklar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc - Vikipedi<\/a><\/li>\n
          2. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Datagram Protokol\u00fc - Vikipedi<\/a><\/li>\n
          3. Datagram Aktar\u0131m Katman\u0131 G\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u2013 Vikipedi<\/a><\/li>\n
          4. RFC 768 \u2013 Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Datagram Protokol\u00fc<\/a><\/li>\n
          5. RFC 791 \u2013 \u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":505603,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476746","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Datagram: A Detailed Guide to Data Packets in Networking<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a Datagram?","answer":"A Datagram is a basic transfer unit associated with a packet-switched network. Datagrams are designed to be routed from the source to the destination without depending on prior exchanges between these points. They are self-contained data packets that include the data payload along with header details used in routing."},{"question":"Who first introduced the concept of Datagram?","answer":"The concept of Datagram was introduced by Louis Pouzin, a French computer scientist, in 1970 as part of the design for the CYCLADES network."},{"question":"How is a Datagram structured?","answer":"A Datagram typically consists of two parts: the Datagram Header and the Payload. The header carries control information such as source and destination IP addresses, protocol used, length of the Datagram, among other things. The payload is the actual data that the Datagram carries."},{"question":"What are the key features of a Datagram?","answer":"Key features of a Datagram include its independence, where each Datagram is independent of others and can be sent and received in any order; its self-containment, where Datagrams carry all the necessary information for routing from the origin to the destination; and its flexibility, as they do not need a pre-established path for transmission."},{"question":"What are the types of Datagram?","answer":"Datagrams can be classified based on the protocol they are associated with. The two most common are IP Datagram and UDP Datagram. IP Datagram is used in the Internet Protocol and forms the primary packet format for transmitting data over the internet. UDP Datagram is part of the User Datagram Protocol, which provides a simple but fast method for the exchange of data over IP networks."},{"question":"How are Datagrams used, and what are the challenges associated with them?","answer":"Datagrams are used across various applications in computer networking, especially where speed is vital, and occasional data loss is tolerable. However, using Datagrams can pose certain challenges such as potential loss of data or arrival of data out of order. To manage these issues, additional logic may be built into applications to confirm receipt of Datagrams or reorder them on arrival."},{"question":"How are Datagrams associated with proxy servers?","answer":"Proxy servers can handle Datagrams by serving as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. They can read and interpret the data, perform various tasks based on the Datagram's content such as rerouting the Datagram, modifying the data, or even blocking it."},{"question":"What is the future perspective of Datagrams?","answer":"As networking technology evolves, the concept of Datagrams continues to be relevant, particularly with the growth of technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing. Moreover, the development of Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) shows a growing interest in secure Datagram-based applications."}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":505604,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476746\/revisions\/505604"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/505603"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}