{"id":475922,"date":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:11:35","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:11:35","slug":"astroturfing","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/pt\/wiki\/astroturfing\/","title":{"rendered":"Astroturf"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>O astroturfing, no sentido mais amplo, \u00e9 uma estrat\u00e9gia enganosa em que as organiza\u00e7\u00f5es criam a ilus\u00e3o de um apoio popular genu\u00edno a um produto, causa ou posi\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edtica. O termo \u00e9 derivado de AstroTurf, marca de carpete sint\u00e9tico projetado para se parecer com grama natural, simbolizando a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de um suporte de apar\u00eancia aut\u00eantica que \u00e9, na realidade, artificial.<\/p>\n<h2>A G\u00eanese do Astroturfing<\/h2>\n<p>As ra\u00edzes do astroturfing remontam a meados do s\u00e9culo XX, mas o termo em si foi cunhado pelo senador do Texas Lloyd Bentsen na d\u00e9cada de 1980. Ele usou-a para descrever uma \u201cmontanha de cart\u00f5es e cartas\u201d de companhias de seguros, disfar\u00e7ada de protesto p\u00fablico espont\u00e2neo contra certas pol\u00edticas. Embora o uso do termo tenha evolu\u00eddo desde ent\u00e3o, o conceito central de suporte fabricado permaneceu consistente.<\/p>\n<h2>Desvendando o Astroturf<\/h2>\n<p>O astroturfing \u00e9 comumente visto na pol\u00edtica, publicidade comercial, rela\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00fablicas e plataformas de m\u00eddia digital e social. A inten\u00e7\u00e3o subjacente \u00e9 influenciar a opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica, aumentar a procura de produtos ou criar uma falsa impress\u00e3o de consenso sobre quest\u00f5es controversas. Astroturfing usa m\u00faltiplas estrat\u00e9gias:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Conte\u00fado patrocinado<\/strong>: envolve pagar blogueiros populares, influenciadores ou indiv\u00edduos respeitados para promover um produto ou causa sem divulgar o acordo financeiro.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Contas de fantoches de meia<\/strong>: A cria\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00faltiplas identidades online para apoiar um argumento ou causa e criar uma ilus\u00e3o de consenso popular.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Astroturf em coment\u00e1rios<\/strong>: publicar coment\u00e1rios falsos positivos para melhorar a reputa\u00e7\u00e3o de uma empresa ou publicar coment\u00e1rios negativos para manchar a imagem dos concorrentes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Como funciona o astroturf<\/h2>\n<p>As campanhas de astroturfing s\u00e3o planejadas e executadas de maneira complexa. Uma campanha t\u00edpica pode envolver:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identificar uma causa ou produto para promover.<\/li>\n<li>Estabelecer objetivos claros (por exemplo, influenciar a opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica, suprimir cr\u00edticas).<\/li>\n<li>Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de perfis, sites ou organiza\u00e7\u00f5es falsos para promover a narrativa.<\/li>\n<li>Implementar t\u00e1ticas como recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es pagas, aumentar as m\u00e9tricas de popularidade ou enviar spam a f\u00f3runs com mensagens coordenadas.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>O objectivo final \u00e9 criar uma ilus\u00e3o de apoio ou oposi\u00e7\u00e3o generalizada, fazendo com que a campanha do astroturfing pare\u00e7a um aut\u00eantico movimento popular.<\/p>\n<h2>Principais recursos do astroturf<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Decep\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>: O Astroturfing esconde seus verdadeiros patrocinadores para apresentar a campanha como um movimento popular.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Esfor\u00e7o Coordenado<\/strong>: Astroturfing envolve um esfor\u00e7o sistem\u00e1tico e coordenado para amplificar uma narrativa espec\u00edfica.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Manipula\u00e7\u00e3o da opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica<\/strong>: O objetivo principal \u00e9 manipular a opini\u00e3o ou as percep\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00fablicas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dom\u00ednio digital<\/strong>: A ascens\u00e3o da Internet e das redes sociais exacerbou o astroturf, tornando-o um fen\u00f3meno cada vez mais digital.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Tipos de astroturf<\/h2>\n<p>O astroturfing vem em muitas formas, mas geralmente pode ser dividido em tr\u00eas tipos principais:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Tipo<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Astroturf pol\u00edtico<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Usado para criar uma falsa sensa\u00e7\u00e3o de consenso p\u00fablico sobre quest\u00f5es pol\u00edticas ou candidatos.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Astroturf Corporativo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">As empresas usam isso para melhorar sua imagem ou prejudicar os concorrentes. Muitas vezes envolve avalia\u00e7\u00f5es e endossos falsos.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Grupo de interesse Astroturfing<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Organiza\u00e7\u00f5es sem fins lucrativos ou grupos de lobby utilizam isto para criar a ilus\u00e3o de um amplo apoio p\u00fablico \u00e0s suas causas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Astroturfing: uso, problemas e solu\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h2>\n<p>O astroturfing \u00e9 usado principalmente para manipular a opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica. No entanto, esta pr\u00e1tica anti\u00e9tica pode levar a problemas como a desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o, a eros\u00e3o da confian\u00e7a p\u00fablica e a distor\u00e7\u00e3o dos processos democr\u00e1ticos. Para combater o astroturf:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Incentive a transpar\u00eancia na publicidade e nos endossos.<\/li>\n<li>Implemente regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es mais r\u00edgidas para conte\u00fado online.<\/li>\n<li>Educar o p\u00fablico sobre como reconhecer e relatar o astroturfing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Astroturfing e fen\u00f4menos semelhantes<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Prazo<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Astroturf<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Criar um movimento popular falso para influenciar a opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Fantoches de meia<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00faltiplas identidades online para manipular discuss\u00f5es.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Xelim<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Promover um produto, servi\u00e7o ou causa para ganho pessoal, muitas vezes sem divulga\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Futuro do Astroturf<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c0 medida que a tecnologia evolui, as t\u00e1ticas de astroturfing podem tornar-se mais sofisticadas, envolvendo potencialmente intelig\u00eancia artificial ou an\u00e1lise avan\u00e7ada de dados. O aumento da conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o e da regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m poderia levar a t\u00e9cnicas de disfarce mais sofisticadas.<\/p>\n<h2>Proxies e Astroturfing<\/h2>\n<p>Os proxies podem facilitar o astroturf, fornecendo anonimato, contornando restri\u00e7\u00f5es geogr\u00e1ficas e permitindo a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de in\u00fameras contas a partir de diferentes endere\u00e7os IP. No entanto, tamb\u00e9m podem ser ferramentas para rastrear e combater o astroturf, rastreando pegadas digitais e identificando atividades suspeitas.<\/p>\n<h2>Links Relacionados<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftc.gov\/tips-advice\/business-center\/guidance\/ftcs-endorsement-guides-what-people-are-asking\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Diretrizes da Comiss\u00e3o Federal de Com\u00e9rcio sobre Endossos<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Astroturfing\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre astroturf na Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-bYAQ-ZZtEU\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Palestra sobre Astroturfing por Sharyl Attkisson no TEDx<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4340070\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Astroturf e manipula\u00e7\u00e3o de mensagens de m\u00eddia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Este mergulho profundo no astroturfing deve fornecer uma compreens\u00e3o abrangente desta pr\u00e1tica enganosa, das suas implica\u00e7\u00f5es e de como ferramentas como os proxies podem ajudar e contrariar tais esfor\u00e7os.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":467652,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-475922","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Astroturfing: A Deep Dive into Synthetic Grassroots Movements<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Astroturfing?","answer":"<p>Astroturfing is a deceptive strategy wherein organizations create the illusion of genuine grassroots support for a product, cause, or political stance. This artificial support aims to sway public opinion, increase product demand, or create a false impression of consensus on contentious issues.<\/p>"},{"question":"Who coined the term 'Astroturfing' and when?","answer":"<p>The term 'Astroturfing' was coined by Texas Senator Lloyd Bentsen in the 1980s. He used it to describe the artificially created public outcry against certain policies by insurance companies.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some common Astroturfing strategies?","answer":"<p>Common Astroturfing strategies include sponsored content, the use of sock puppet accounts, and false reviews. These methods aim to create the illusion of a popular consensus or widespread support.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does a typical Astroturfing campaign work?","answer":"<p>A typical Astroturfing campaign begins with identifying a cause or product to promote, establishing clear objectives, creating fake profiles or organizations to push the narrative, and implementing tactics like paid endorsements, inflating popularity metrics, or spamming forums with coordinated messages.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Astroturfing?","answer":"<p>The key features of Astroturfing include deception, a coordinated effort, manipulation of public opinion, and a dominant presence in the digital realm.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Astroturfing exist?","answer":"<p>Astroturfing can generally be divided into three main types: political, where a false sense of public consensus on political issues or candidates is created; corporate, where businesses boost their image or harm competitors; and interest group, where non-profit organizations or lobbying groups create the illusion of wide public support for their causes.<\/p>"},{"question":"What problems are associated with Astroturfing and how can they be solved?","answer":"<p>Astroturfing can lead to problems like misinformation, eroded public trust, and skewed democratic processes. Solutions include encouraging transparency in advertising and endorsements, implementing stricter regulations for online content, and educating the public about recognizing and reporting Astroturfing.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is Astroturfing expected to evolve in the future?","answer":"<p>As technology evolves, Astroturfing tactics may become more sophisticated, potentially involving artificial intelligence or advanced data analytics. Increased awareness and regulations could also lead to more sophisticated disguising techniques.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the role of proxy servers in Astroturfing?","answer":"<p>Proxies can facilitate Astroturfing by providing anonymity, circumventing geo-restrictions, and enabling the creation of numerous accounts from different IP addresses. However, they can also be tools for tracking and countering Astroturfing by tracing digital footprints and identifying suspicious activities.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475922\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/467652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}