{"id":478315,"date":"2023-08-09T09:30:51","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:30:51","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:16:30","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:16:30","slug":"packet-coalescing","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/kr\/wiki\/packet-coalescing\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\uc1a1 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc\ub97c \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uae30\uc220\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\uc1a1\ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc791\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ud070 \ud328\ud0b7\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ud569\ud558\ub294 \uc791\uc5c5\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub294 \uc804\uc1a1\ub41c \ud328\ud0b7 \uc218\ub97c \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uace0, \ud328\ud0b7 \ucc98\ub9ac \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0, \uc804\uccb4 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc758 \uae30\uc6d0\uacfc \ucd5c\ucd08 \uc5b8\uae09\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \uc218\uc2ed \ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc874\uc7ac\ud574 \uc654\uc9c0\ub9cc \ucd08\uae30 \uad6c\ud604\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc7a5\uce58\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc2a4\ud0dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub418\ub294 \ud328\ud0b7 \uc218\ub97c \uc904\uc5ec \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc5b8\uae09\uc740 1990\ub144\ub300 \ud6c4\ubc18\uacfc 2000\ub144\ub300 \ucd08\ubc18\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c \ub17c\ubb38\uacfc \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub85c \uac70\uc2ac\ub7ec \uc62c\ub77c\uac11\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd08\uae30 \uad6c\ud604\uc740 \uc885\uc885 \ub3c5\uc810\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\uace0 \ud2b9\uc815 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \ubc0f \uc6b4\uc601 \uccb4\uc81c\ub85c \uc81c\ud55c\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc790\uc138\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4: \uc8fc\uc81c \ud655\uc7a5<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801\uc740 \uc791\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ub354 \ud070 \ud328\ud0b7\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc791\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc\ub97c \uc904\uc774\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc791\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7\uc758 \uc591\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uc544 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub3c4\uac00 \ube44\ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc13c\ud130, \uae30\uc5c5 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ub4f1 \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d\uc774 \ub9ce\uc740 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2b9\ud788 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uad6c\uc870: \ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \ubc29\uc2dd<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4 \uc218\uc900\uc5d0\uc11c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\uba70, \uc218\uc2e0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc804\uc1a1\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc218\uc9d1\ub418\uace0 \uc784\uc2dc\ub85c \ubcf4\uad00\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud5a5\ud558\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc791\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \uc218\uc2e0\ud558\uba74 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ud070 \ud328\ud0b7\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ud569\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub294 \uc804\ubb38\ud654\ub41c \ubcd1\ud569 \uc5d4\uc9c4\uc774\ub098 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4\ub098 \ud38c\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud589\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c \ub2e8\uacc4\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \uc218\uc9d1: \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc624\ub294 \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \uc218\uc9d1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\ubcd1\ud569 \uacb0\uc815: \ubcd1\ud569 \uc5d4\uc9c4 \ub610\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \ub300\uc0c1 \uc8fc\uc18c \ub610\ub294 \ud328\ud0b7 \ud06c\uae30\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\uc804 \uacb0\uc815\ub41c \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc218\uc9d1\ub41c \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \uacb0\ud569\ud560\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \uc870\ud569: \ubcd1\ud569\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ub418\uba74 \uc218\uc9d1\ub41c \ud328\ud0b7\uc774 \ub354 \ud070 \ud328\ud0b7\uc73c\ub85c \ubcd1\ud569\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\uc804\uc1a1: \uacb0\ud569\ub41c \ud328\ud0b7\uc740 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc758\ub3c4\ud55c \ubaa9\uc801\uc9c0\ub85c \uc804\uc1a1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uae30\ub2a5 \ubd84\uc11d<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc8fc\uc694 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ud328\ud0b7 \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc \uac10\uc18c:<\/strong> \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc791\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ub354 \ud070 \ud328\ud0b7\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ud569\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc2a4\ud0dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ud328\ud0b7 \uc218\ub97c \uc904\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc\uac00 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc774 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ub0ae\uc740 CPU \ud65c\uc6a9\ub3c4:<\/strong> \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \ud328\ud0b7\uc774 \uc801\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 CPU\uac00 \ud328\ud0b7 \ud5e4\ub354\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub354 \uc801\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c CPU \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub960\uc774 \ub0ae\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub9ac\uc18c\uc2a4\uac00 \ud655\ubcf4\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ud5a5\uc0c1\ub41c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub7c9:<\/strong> \ud328\ud0b7 \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc\uc640 CPU \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub960\uc744 \uc904\uc784\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d\uc774 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0\uc11c \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub7c9\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\uc9c0\uc5f0 \uc2dc\uac04 \uac10\uc18c:<\/strong> \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ubcd1\ud569\ud558\uba74 \uc804\uc1a1 \ubc0f \ucc98\ub9ac\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ud328\ud0b7 \uc218\uac00 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ube68\ub77c\uc9c0\ubbc0\ub85c \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ub300\uae30 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370\ub3c4 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569 \uc720\ud615<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \ubc0f \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud504\ub77c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc758 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc720\ud615\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18 \ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569:<\/strong> \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569\uc740 \ud2b9\uc218 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6c\ud604\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 CPU\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcd1\ud569 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c \uc624\ud504\ub85c\ub4dc\ud558\uc5ec \uc804\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18 \ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569:<\/strong> \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18 \ud1b5\ud569\uc5d0\uc11c \ud1b5\ud569 \ub17c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc6b4\uc601 \uccb4\uc81c\uc758 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc2a4\ud0dd\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6c\ud604\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18 \ubcd1\ud569\ub9cc\ud07c \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub354 \uc720\uc5f0\ud558\uace0 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc640 \ud638\ud658\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc694\uc57d\ud55c \ube44\uad50\ud45c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\uc720\ucc29 \uc720\ud615<\/th>\n<th>\uc7a5\uc810<\/th>\n<th>\ub2e8\uc810<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \uace0\uc131\ub2a5<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \uc81c\ud55c\ub41c \ud638\ud658\uc131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \ub0ae\uc740 CPU \ud65c\uc6a9\ub3c4<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \ud2b9\uc218 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \ud544\uc694<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \ud328\ud0b7 \ucc98\ub9ac<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \ub354 \uc720\uc5f0\ud568<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \ub354 \ub192\uc740 CPU \ud65c\uc6a9\ub3c4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc640 \ud638\ud658 \uac00\ub2a5<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131 \uc800\ud558<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \uad6c\ud604\uc774 \ub354 \uc27d\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Packet coalescing\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubb38\uc81c\uc810 \ubc0f \ud574\uacb0\ubc29\ubc95<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc13c\ud130:<\/strong> \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d \uc591\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc13c\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7 \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0 \uc804\uccb4 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub7c9\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\uac00\uc0c1\ud654\ub41c \ud658\uacbd:<\/strong> \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc0c1 \uba38\uc2e0\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ub97c \uacf5\uc720\ud558\ub294 \uac00\uc0c1\ud654\ub41c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud328\ud0b7 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c CPU \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc\ub97c \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\uace0\ub300\uc5ed\ud3ed \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158:<\/strong> \ube44\ub514\uc624 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\ubc0d \ubc0f \ub300\uc6a9\ub7c9 \ud30c\uc77c \uc804\uc1a1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uace0\ub300\uc5ed\ud3ed \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uc7a5\uc810\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uacfc\uc81c\ub3c4 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ud638\ud658\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c:<\/strong> \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18 \ud1b5\ud569\uc5d0\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uae30\uc874 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc\uc758 \ud638\ud658\uc131\uc774 \uc81c\ud55c\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\uacfc\uc789 \uc751\uc9d1:<\/strong> \uacf5\uaca9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \uacb0\ud569\ud558\uba74 \ud328\ud0b7\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \ucee4\uc838 \uc870\uac01\ud654\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uace0 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub824\uba74 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc774 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\uc801\uc808\ud55c \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4\ub97c \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624:<\/strong> \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\uace0 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud504\ub77c\uc640 \ud638\ud658\ub418\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4\ub97c \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ubcd1\ud569 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218 \uc870\uc815:<\/strong> \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc \uac10\uc18c\uc640 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud55c \ud1b5\ud569 \ubc29\uc9c0 \uac04\uc758 \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \ucc3e\uc73c\ub824\uba74 \ud1b5\ud569 \uc124\uc815\uc744 \uc870\uc815\ud558\uc138\uc694.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1 \ubc0f \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8:<\/strong> \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uc815\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\ud558\uace0 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\uc5ec \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\uc8fc\uc694 \ud2b9\uc9d5 \ubc0f \uae30\ud0c0 \uc720\uc0ac \uc6a9\uc5b4\uc640\uc758 \ube44\uad50<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7 \uc9d1\uacc4 \ubc0f \ud328\ud0b7 \ubc84\ud37c\ub9c1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uae30\uc220\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\uc810\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uc8fc\uc694 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uacfc \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud55c \ube44\uad50\ud45c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\uae30\uc220<\/th>\n<th>\uc124\uba85<\/th>\n<th>\ubaa9\uc801<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569<\/td>\n<td>\uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc791\uc740 \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ub354 \ud070 \ud328\ud0b7\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ud569\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td>\ud328\ud0b7 \uc624\ubc84\ud5e4\ub4dc \uac10\uc18c \ubc0f \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ud328\ud0b7 \uc9d1\uacc4<\/td>\n<td>\uc5ec\ub7ec \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9bc\uc744 \ub2e8\uc77c \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9bc\uc73c\ub85c \ubcd1\ud569\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td>\uace0\ub300\uc5ed\ud3ed \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0\uc11c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub7c9 \ud5a5\uc0c1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubc84\ud37c\ub9c1<\/td>\n<td>\uc804\uc1a1\uc744 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud328\ud0b7\uc744 \ubcf4\uad00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td>\uae09\uc99d\ud558\ub294 \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d\uc744 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \ud328\ud0b7 \uc190\uc2e4\uc744 \uc904\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \uae30\uc220 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc751\uc6a9 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uacfc \uc791\ub3d9 \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubbf8\ub798 \uc804\ub9dd\uacfc \uae30\uc220<\/h2>\n<p>\ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uae30\uc220\uc774 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ubc1c\uc804\ud568\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc720\ud6a8\ud560 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4, \ubcd1\ud569 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubc0f \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uae30\ubc18 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uacfc \ud655\uc7a5\uc131\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>5G \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc758 \ub4f1\uc7a5\uacfc \uc5e3\uc9c0 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud305\uc758 \ud655\uc0b0\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc740 \uc99d\uac00\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc0b0 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\uae30 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc911\uc694\ud574\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub610\ud55c SDN(\uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc815\uc758 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud0b9) \ubc0f NFV(\ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uae30\ub2a5 \uac00\uc0c1\ud654)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\uad6c \uac1c\ubc1c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc870\uac74 \ubc0f \uc694\uad6c \uc0ac\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc801\uc751\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc720\uc5f0\ud558\uace0 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569 \uad6c\ud604\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uacfc \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h2>\n<p>\ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d\uc744 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \ubcf4\uc548 \ubc0f \uac1c\uc778 \uc815\ubcf4 \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uacfc \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uad00\ub828\uc740 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\uccb4 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\uce90\uc2f1 \ubc0f \uc555\ucd95:<\/strong> \ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\ub294 \uc790\uc8fc \uc694\uccad\ub418\ub294 \ucf58\ud150\uce20\ub97c \uce90\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\uc1a1\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc904\uc774\uace0 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ub85c\ub4dc \ubc38\ub7f0\uc2f1:<\/strong> \ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc694\uccad\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc11c\ubc84\uc5d0 \ubd84\uc0b0\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc11c\ubc84 \ub9ac\uc18c\uc2a4\ub97c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ud558\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\ucf58\ud150\uce20 \ud544\ud130\ub9c1:<\/strong> \ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\ub294 \uc6d0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac70\ub098 \uc545\uc758\uc801\uc778 \ucf58\ud150\uce20\ub97c \ud544\ud130\ub9c1\ud558\uace0 \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\uc1a1\ub418\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc591\uc744 \uc904\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\uc640 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc740 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uacfc \uc131\ub2a5\uc774 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uad00\ub828\ub41c \ub9c1\ud06c\ub4e4<\/h2>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc790\uc138\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ubcf4\ub824\uba74 \ub2e4\uc74c \ub9ac\uc18c\uc2a4\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc138\uc694.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.freebsd.org\/cgi\/man.cgi?query=net.inet.tcp.coalesce\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">FreeBSD\uc758 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ubcd1\ud569<\/a> \u2013 FreeBSD\uc758 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud1b5\ud569\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uacf5\uc2dd \ubb38\uc11c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/ethernet\/products\/energy-efficient-ethernet-coalescing-brief.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \uc774\ub354\ub137\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569<\/a> \u2013 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \uc774\ub354\ub137\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc758 \uc774\uc810\uc744 \ub17c\uc758\ud558\ub294 Intel\uc758 \uae30\uc0ac.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.networkcomputing.com\/data-centers\/understanding-data-center-traffic-coalescing\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc13c\ud130 \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d \ud1b5\ud569 \uc774\ud574<\/a> \u2013 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc13c\ud130 \ud2b8\ub798\ud53d \ubcd1\ud569\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 Network Computing\uc758 \uae30\uc0ac.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8531187\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\uac00\uc0c1\ud654\ub41c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569 \uc131\ub2a5 \ud3c9\uac00<\/a> \u2013 \uac00\uc0c1\ud654\ub41c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 IEEE \uc5f0\uad6c \ub17c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/Documentation\/networking\/packet_coalescing.txt\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Linux \ucee4\ub110\uc758 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569<\/a> \u2013 \ud328\ud0b7 \ubcd1\ud569\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c Linux \ucee4\ub110 \ubb38\uc11c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\ud328\ud0b7 \ud1b5\ud569\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud658\uacbd\uacfc \ud2b9\uc815 \ud558\ub4dc\uc6e8\uc5b4 \ubc0f \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uad6c\ud604\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud558\uac8c \ubc30\ud3ec\ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc2e0\uc911\ud558\uac8c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uace0 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":478316,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-478315","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Packet Coalescing: Efficient Network Data Handling<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Packet coalescing?","answer":"<p>Packet coalescing is a network optimization technique that involves combining multiple small data packets into a single larger packet before sending it over the network. This process reduces packet overhead and improves network performance.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Packet coalescing work?","answer":"<p>Packet coalescing operates at the network interface level, where incoming data is collected and temporarily held. When multiple small packets destined for the same destination are received, they are combined into a larger packet before transmission. This reduces the number of packets processed by the network stack and lowers CPU utilization.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Packet coalescing?","answer":"<p>The key features of Packet coalescing include reduced packet overhead, lower CPU utilization, improved throughput, and reduced network latency. It efficiently optimizes data transmission in high-traffic environments.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the types of Packet coalescing?","answer":"<p>There are two main types of Packet coalescing:<\/p><ol><li>Hardware-Based Packet Coalescing: Implemented in specialized network interface hardware, it offers high performance and low CPU utilization.<\/li><li>Software-Based Packet Coalescing: Implemented in the network stack of the operating system, it is more flexible but may have higher CPU utilization.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"Where can Packet coalescing be used?","answer":"<p>Packet coalescing can be beneficial in various scenarios, including data centers, virtualized environments, and high-bandwidth applications like video streaming and large file transfers. It optimizes network performance and efficiency.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the challenges and solutions related to using Packet coalescing?","answer":"<p>Some challenges include compatibility issues with hardware-based coalescing and the risk of over-coalescing causing packet fragmentation. To address these, choose appropriate hardware, tune coalescing parameters, and regularly monitor network performance.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is Packet coalescing related to proxy servers?","answer":"<p>While not directly related, using proxy servers in conjunction with Packet coalescing can further enhance network efficiency. Proxy servers provide caching, compression, load balancing, and content filtering, all contributing to improved network performance.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives of Packet coalescing?","answer":"<p>As network technology evolves, Packet coalescing is expected to remain relevant. Advancements in hardware, algorithms, and software-defined networking may lead to more efficient and flexible coalescing implementations.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I learn more about Packet coalescing?","answer":"<p>For more information about Packet coalescing, you can explore the resources provided in the article above. Additionally, OneProxy.pro offers top-notch proxy server solutions that can complement your network optimization efforts.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478315\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/478316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}