{"id":475926,"date":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:11:38","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:11:38","slug":"asynchronous-transfer-mode","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wiki\/asynchronous-transfer-mode\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06af\u0627\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 (ATM) \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 1980 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627. ATM \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0686\u0634\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 1980 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 (CCITT) \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0647\u0646 (B-ISDN) \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0634\u062f. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 ATM \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 53 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0647\u062f\u0631 5 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0631 48 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>ATM \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u06cc (PVC) \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0634\u062f\u0647 (SVC). PVC \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 SVC \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ATM<\/strong>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ATM \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc ATM<\/strong>: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632<\/strong>: \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ATM \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/strong>: ATM \u0646\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 1.544 \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 (T1) \u062a\u0627 622 \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 (OC-12) \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (QoS)<\/strong>: ATM \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/strong>: \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/strong>: \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a ATM \u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc ATM \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc SONET\/SDH<\/strong>: \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc ATM \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 (SONET) \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 (SDH) \u06a9\u067e\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 ATM \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc SONET\/SDH \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 IP\/MPLS<\/strong>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u067e\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ATM \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc IP \u06cc\u0627 Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ATM \u0648 IP\/MPLS \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc SONET\/SDH<\/td>\n<td>- \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc<\/td>\n<td>- \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>- \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/td>\n<td>- \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 QoS<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ATM \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 IP\/MPLS<\/td>\n<td>- \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647<\/td>\n<td>- \u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 QoS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>- \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/td>\n<td>- \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637<\/h2>\n<p>ATM \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0635\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u067e\u062e\u0634 \u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648<\/strong>: \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c ATM \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u062e\u0634 \u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0626\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 LAN \u0648 WAN<\/strong>: ATM \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc (LAN) \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 (WAN) \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 ATM \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc<\/strong>: \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ATM \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a QoS \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647<\/strong>: \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b\u06cc<\/strong>: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 ATM \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/strong>: ATM QoS \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 LAN \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0644\u0647<\/strong>: ATM \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc QoS \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 Frame Relay \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ATM \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 MPLS<\/strong>: \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0632 QoS \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 ATM \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 MPLS \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u067e\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0686\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc QoS \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f IP\/MPLS \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0634\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 (SDN) \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 (NFV).<\/p>\n<h2>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc<\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc ATM \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 ATM \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012527\/https:\/\/www.atmforum.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0646 ATM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012540\/https:\/\/www.itu.int\/rec\/T-REC-I.150\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ITU-T \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012614\/http:\/\/www.rad.com\/networks\/1995\/atm\/atm1.htm\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc ATM<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>ATM \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":475701,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-475926","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)?","answer":"<p>Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a high-speed networking technology designed for efficient data, voice, and video transmission over both local and wide area networks. It utilizes fixed-size cells to ensure uniform and predictable transmission times, making it ideal for diverse traffic types with varying quality of service requirements.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did Asynchronous Transfer Mode originate?","answer":"<p>Asynchronous Transfer Mode was first introduced by the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) in the late 1980s as part of their Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN) recommendations. Its initial concept focused on using fixed-size cells for transmitting data, unlike traditional packet-switched networks with variable-sized packets.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Asynchronous Transfer Mode work?","answer":"<p>ATM operates on the basis of virtual circuits, establishing logical paths between endpoints for data transmission. It comprises ATM switches responsible for routing and switching ATM cells, ATM endpoints generating and receiving ATM cells, and a physical transmission medium such as optical fibers or copper cables.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>ATM offers high-speed data transmission rates, supports multiple classes of service for prioritizing different traffic types, ensures scalability to accommodate a large number of devices and users, and provides efficient network utilization with its fixed cell size structure.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Asynchronous Transfer Mode exist?","answer":"<p>There are two main types of ATM:<\/p><ol><li>ATM over SONET\/SDH: ATM cells encapsulated within Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) frames, allowing integration with existing SONET\/SDH networks.<\/li><li>ATM over IP\/MPLS: ATM cells encapsulated within IP or Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) packets, facilitating the convergence of ATM and IP\/MPLS networks for greater flexibility and cost-effectiveness.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How is Asynchronous Transfer Mode used, and what are the challenges?","answer":"<p>ATM is widely used in telecommunications, video streaming, and LAN\/WAN connectivity. Challenges include network complexity, higher implementation costs, and compatibility issues with legacy equipment.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Asynchronous Transfer Mode compare with other terms?","answer":"<p>ATM offers predictable QoS and is suitable for time-sensitive applications, while Ethernet is cost-effective and commonly used for LAN connectivity. Compared to Frame Relay, ATM provides higher bandwidth and better QoS support, while Frame Relay is simpler and more cost-effective for low-bandwidth applications. ATM and MPLS both support QoS, with ATM being better for high-bandwidth applications, while MPLS is more scalable and suitable for complex network topologies.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future prospects of Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>While ATM remains relevant in certain applications, emerging technologies like IP\/MPLS and Carrier Ethernet are gaining traction due to evolving network demands, especially in the context of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV).<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers related to Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>While ATM itself doesn't directly relate to proxy servers, organizations deploying ATM in their networks can also use proxy servers for various purposes, such as enhancing security, content caching, and optimizing network traffic.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about Asynchronous Transfer Mode?","answer":"<p>For further information about Asynchronous Transfer Mode, you can visit the following resources:<\/p><ol><li>ATM Forum (<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012527\/https:\/\/www.atmforum.org\/\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012527\/https:\/\/www.atmforum.org\/<\/a>)<\/li><li>ITU-T Recommendations for ATM (<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012540\/https:\/\/www.itu.int\/rec\/T-REC-I.150\/\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012540\/https:\/\/www.itu.int\/rec\/T-REC-I.150\/<\/a>)<\/li><li>ATM Technology Tutorial (<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012614\/http:\/\/www.rad.com\/networks\/1995\/atm\/atm1.htm\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210921012614\/http:\/\/www.rad.com\/networks\/1995\/atm\/atm1.htm<\/a>)<\/li><\/ol>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475926\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/475701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}