{"id":475908,"date":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:24:43","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:11:33","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:11:33","slug":"arpanet","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wiki\/arpanet\/","title":{"rendered":"ARPANET"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>ARPANET (\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0698\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647) \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 TCP\/IP \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 ARPANET<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647 ARPANET \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062a \u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a (IPTO) \u062f\u0631 ARPA (\u0622\u0698\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647)\u060c \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1966 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc ARPANET \u062f\u0631 21 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 1969 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0633 (UCLA) \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f (SRI) \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f. \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1971\u060c 15 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 ARPANET \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u06a9\u0627\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a ARPANET<\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc ARPANET \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>ARPANET \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 TCP\/IP \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f. TCP\/IP \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 Vint Cerf \u0648 Bob Kahn \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1973 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f \u0648 ARPANET \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 1 \u0698\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 1983 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f ARPANET<\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc ARPANET \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 (IMP) \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0631 IMP \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 Honeywell DDP-516 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f. IMP \u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0631 IMP \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648 IMP \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc ARPANET<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc ARPANET \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 TCP\/IP: ARPANET \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 TCP\/IP \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647: \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062f\u0631 ARPANET \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 (IMP): \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 IMP \u0647\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 ARPANET<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0632 ARPANET \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/th>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u062d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>MILNET<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1983 \u0627\u0632 ARPANET \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0634 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CSNET<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1981 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0633 \u0634\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NSFNET<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1985 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>ARPANET \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c ARPANET \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0645\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0634 TCP\/IP \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 ARPANET \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0622\u0646\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ARPANET<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc TCP\/IP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 NPL<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 TCP\/IP \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 ARPANET \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1990 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u0641\u0646 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 ARPANET \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u060c VPN \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627 (IoT) \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>ARPANET \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f ARPANET \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 ARPANET \u0631\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f - \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0642\u0648\u06cc ARPANET \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/walden-family.com\/public\/2012\/cr\/cr\/index.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644 ARPANET<\/a> - \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0632 ARPANET \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.internetsociety.org\/internet\/history-internet\/brief-history-internet\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/a> - \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0634 ARPANET.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.computerhistory.org\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631<\/a> - \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 ARPANET.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":475680,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-475908","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>ARPANET: The Forefather of the Modern Internet<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is ARPANET?","answer":"<p>ARPANET, short for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, was the first wide-area packet-switching network that implemented distributed control and one of the first to use the TCP\/IP protocol suite. It is considered the precursor to today's global Internet.<\/p>"},{"question":"When was ARPANET created and who was behind its creation?","answer":"<p>ARPANET was conceptualized in a series of memos written by Robert Taylor of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) at ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency), a branch of the U.S. Department of Defense, in 1966. The first functional ARPANET link was established on November 21, 1969.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did ARPANET work?","answer":"<p>ARPANET worked using a network of packet-switching nodes known as Interface Message Processors (IMPs). Each IMP was a minicomputer paired with specialized communications hardware. The IMPs were interconnected by high-speed lines, and communication between the hosts was achieved through packet switching.<\/p>"},{"question":"What were the key features of ARPANET?","answer":"<p>Key features of ARPANET included packet-switching technology, the TCP\/IP protocol suite, distributed control, and the use of Interface Message Processors (IMPs).<\/p>"},{"question":"What networks evolved from ARPANET?","answer":"<p>Several networks evolved from ARPANET, including MILNET, CSNET, and NSFNET. These networks shared many of the key features of ARPANET and expanded its reach and utility.<\/p>"},{"question":"What were some challenges faced by ARPANET?","answer":"<p>Some challenges faced by ARPANET included a lack of universally agreed-upon protocols and a lack of networked applications. These were addressed through the adoption of TCP\/IP as the universal protocol suite and the development of various applications such as electronic mail, file transfer, and remote login.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the future of ARPANET-related technologies?","answer":"<p>While ARPANET was officially decommissioned in 1990, its core technologies continue to drive internet development. Technologies that can trace their lineage back to ARPANET include cloud computing, VPNs, and large-scale networks such as the Internet of Things (IoT).<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers related to ARPANET?","answer":"<p>While ARPANET itself didn't use proxy servers, these servers have become an integral part of the modern internet, which grew out of ARPANET. Proxy servers act as intermediaries in the flow of internet traffic, helping improve service security, performance, and privacy.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475908\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/475680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}