{"id":478098,"date":"2023-08-09T09:27:27","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:27:27","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:16:03","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:16:03","slug":"nat-traversal","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wiki\/nat-traversal\/","title":{"rendered":"NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932, \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a, \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0930 (NATs) \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 NAT \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 IPv4 \u092a\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b NAT \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0942 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916<\/h2>\n<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 1990 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u092c IPv4 \u092a\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 NAT \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 STUN (NAT \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 1999 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 STUN \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 NAT \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940: NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 NAT \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u093c\u093f\u0917\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 NAT \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0948\u092a \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0925 \u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>STUN (NAT \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901)<\/strong>STUN \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 NAT \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 IP \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c (NAT \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932)<\/strong>\u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, TURN \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0906\u0908\u0938\u0940\u0908 (\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u090f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0936\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f)<\/strong>ICE \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b STUN \u0914\u0930 TURN \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u0925 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e: NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/h2>\n<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 NAT \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0916\u094b\u091c<\/strong>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f STUN \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 IP \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a<\/strong>\u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 NAT \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0941\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f STUN \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947<\/strong>STUN \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930, \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u092f\u0930-\u091f\u0942-\u092a\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 NAT \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0947 TURN \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0906 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923<\/h2>\n<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0930\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u093c\u093f\u0917\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928<\/strong>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092b\u0949\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u093c\u093f\u0917\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940<\/strong>: \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947, NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u0902\u092c\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong>: NAT \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 IP \u092a\u0924\u0947 \u091b\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092b\u093c\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0925 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f NAT \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0930\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>\u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e<\/th>\n<th>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>STUN (NAT \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901)<\/td>\n<td>NAT \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940\/\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c (NAT \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932)<\/td>\n<td>\u091c\u092c \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0924\u094b \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0906\u0908\u0938\u0940\u0908 (\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u090f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0936\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f)<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u0925 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f STUN \u0914\u0930 TURN \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947, \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/h2>\n<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0935\u0940\u0913\u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940 (\u0935\u0949\u092f\u0938 \u0913\u0935\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932)<\/strong>: NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0935\u0940\u0913\u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u092a\u09402\u092a\u0940 \u092b\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0936\u0947\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong>: NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092b\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0917\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong>: \u0917\u0947\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 NAT, \u092b\u093c\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f TURN \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u092e \u092a\u0925 \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f ICE \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f<\/th>\n<th>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>NAT (\u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928)<\/td>\n<td>\u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0908\u092a\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u092b\u093c\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932<\/td>\n<td>\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0909\u091f\u0917\u094b\u0907\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u092b\u093c\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930<\/td>\n<td>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>NAT \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u092b\u093c\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/h2>\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947-\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 IPv6 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e, NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f IPv6 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, IPv4 \u0938\u0947 IPv6 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928, \u0926\u094b \u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/h2>\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 NAT \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/h2>\n<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0906\u092a \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc5389\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0906\u0930\u090f\u092b\u0938\u0940 5389 - \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc5766\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 5766 \u2013 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc8445\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RFC 8445 \u2013 ICE: \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NAT \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0915\u0930, \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u092f\u0930-\u091f\u0942-\u092a\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":478099,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-478098","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>NAT Traversal: Exploring the Secrets of Seamless Communication<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is NAT traversal, and why is it important?","answer":"<p>NAT traversal, also known as Network Address Translation traversal, is a technology that allows devices located behind different NATs to communicate with each other. It is essential because NATs are commonly used to conserve IPv4 addresses, making direct communication between devices behind different NATs difficult. NAT traversal techniques enable seamless data transmission and enhance connectivity in modern networks.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did NAT traversal originate, and when was it first mentioned?","answer":"<p>The concept of NAT traversal emerged in the late 1990s due to the widespread adoption of NATs caused by the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses. The first mention of NAT traversal can be traced back to the introduction of the STUN (Session Traversal Utilities for NAT) protocol in 1999. STUN servers allowed devices to discover their public IP addresses and traverse NATs using various network behaviors.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the internal structure of NAT traversal, and how does it work?","answer":"<p>NAT traversal works by leveraging specific protocols and techniques to facilitate communication across NAT boundaries. The process involves address discovery, connectivity checks, and traversal methods. Devices query STUN servers to obtain their public IP and port information. Based on the results, they attempt direct peer-to-peer communication. If that's not possible, they fallback to relayed communication using TURN servers.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of NAT traversal?","answer":"<p>NAT traversal brings several essential features to network communication. It simplifies network configuration, improves connectivity by enabling direct communication, and enhances security by keeping internal IP addresses hidden behind NATs.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of NAT traversal exist?","answer":"<p>Several NAT traversal methods exist to address different network scenarios. The main types include:<\/p><ul><li>STUN (Session Traversal Utilities for NAT): Identifies NAT type and obtains public IP\/port information.<\/li><li>TURN (Traversal Using Relays around NAT): Acts as a relay when direct communication is not possible.<\/li><li>ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment): Combines STUN and TURN for optimal connection path establishment.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"How is NAT traversal used, and what problems does it solve?","answer":"<p>NAT traversal finds applications in various scenarios, such as VoIP, P2P file sharing, and online gaming. It solves challenges like symmetric NATs, firewall restrictions, and asymmetric routing by using TURN servers for relaying data and ICE for optimal path selection.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does NAT traversal compare to other similar terms?","answer":"<p>NAT traversal complements firewalls and proxy servers by enabling direct communication between devices behind NATs. While NATs translate private IP addresses to public ones, firewalls control network traffic, and proxy servers act as intermediaries for client-server communication.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future prospects of NAT traversal?","answer":"<p>As IPv6 adoption grows, the need for NAT traversal will diminish, as IPv6 provides a vast address space. However, during the transitional period from IPv4 to IPv6, NAT traversal will remain crucial to ensure compatibility between the two addressing schemes.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with NAT traversal?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers play a vital role in NAT traversal by acting as intermediaries for communication between devices behind NATs. When direct communication is not possible, devices can connect to a proxy server that relays data between them, ensuring successful data transmission.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478098","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478098\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/478099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478098"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}