{"id":476585,"date":"2023-08-09T07:31:20","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T07:31:20","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:02","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:02","slug":"dangling-pointer","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wiki\/dangling-pointer\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 C \u0914\u0930 C++ \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f 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\u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916<\/h2>\n<p>\u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e 1970 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940\u0964 \u0938\u0940, \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e, \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0932\u091a\u0940\u0932\u0947\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0915\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 &quot;\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930&quot; \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u091c\u092c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940: \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>\u0921\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0924\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e 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data-no-translation=\"\">free()<\/code> \u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e <code data-no-translation=\"\">delete<\/code> \u0938\u0940++ \u092e\u0947\u0902. \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0930\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092f\u093e NULL \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u091f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0928\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u093c\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0905\u092c-\u0905\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0907\u0936\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e: \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/h2>\n<p>\u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947)\u0964 <code data-no-translation=\"\">malloc()<\/code> \u092f\u093e <code data-no-translation=\"\">new<\/code>), \u0909\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e \u0926\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0921\u0947\u091f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e NULL \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u091f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0917\u093e, \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0921\u0940\u0930\u0947\u092b\u093c\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0936 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u0921\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923<\/h2>\n<p>\u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930<\/strong>: \u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0932<\/strong>: \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0916\u093e\u0938\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0921\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u092c\u0917\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e<\/strong>: \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0939\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917-\u092c\u093e\u0926-\u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>\u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/th>\n<th>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915<\/td>\n<td>\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915 \u091c\u094b NULL \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0948\u0915 \u0921\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930<\/td>\n<td>\u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092b\u093c\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0922\u0947\u0930 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915<\/td>\n<td>\u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0928\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947, \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/h2>\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u092c\u0942\u091d\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930<\/strong>: \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0936 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong>: \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u092e\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935<\/strong>: \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u0940\u0915 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\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940-\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/h2>\n<p>\u0921\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0906\u092a \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.cppreference.com\/w\/c\/memory\/dangling\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0938\u0940++ \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d: \u0921\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/understanding-extern-keyword-in-c\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cprogramming.com\/tutorial\/c\/lesson10.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0917\u0932\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u093c\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u0940\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0930, \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0932\u091f\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":476586,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476585","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Dangling Pointer: Understanding the Potential Pitfalls<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a dangling pointer?","answer":"<p>A dangling pointer is a pointer in computer programming that points to a memory location that has been deallocated or freed. When a program attempts to access the memory at that location, it can lead to unexpected and potentially hazardous behavior.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did the concept of dangling pointers originate?","answer":"<p>The concept of dangling pointers emerged with the development of low-level programming languages in the 1970s, particularly in languages like C and C++. The term \"dangling pointer\" was likely coined during the early days of C programming when programmers faced challenges managing memory manually.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does a dangling pointer work internally?","answer":"<p>When memory is deallocated or freed, a pointer that still references the deallocated memory becomes a dangling pointer. If the program attempts to access the memory through the dangling pointer, it can result in undefined behavior, causing data corruption, program crashes, or security vulnerabilities.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of dangling pointers?","answer":"<p>Key features of dangling pointers include:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Undefined Behavior<\/strong>: Accessing data through a dangling pointer leads to unpredictable outcomes.<\/li><li><strong>Difficult to Detect<\/strong>: Identifying dangling pointers in large codebases can be challenging, making debugging problematic.<\/li><li><strong>Security Risks<\/strong>: Dangling pointers can be exploited in security attacks, such as use-after-free vulnerabilities.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"What types of dangling pointers exist?","answer":"<p>Dangling pointers can be classified into different types based on their causes:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Null Dangling Pointer<\/strong>: A pointer that points to NULL or has not been initialized.<\/li><li><strong>Stack Dangling Pointer<\/strong>: Pointers that become dangling after a function returns.<\/li><li><strong>Heap Dangling Pointer<\/strong>: Pointers that reference deallocated memory.<\/li><li><strong>Wild Pointers<\/strong>: Pointers that have not been initialized and contain arbitrary addresses.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"Can dangling pointers be used intentionally?","answer":"<p>In some specific programming techniques, dangling pointers might be used intentionally. However, it requires a deep understanding of memory management and entails potential risks. Generally, it is best to avoid creating dangling pointers to ensure program stability and security.<\/p>"},{"question":"What problems can be associated with dangling pointers?","answer":"<p>Problems related to dangling pointers include:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Memory Corruption<\/strong>: Dangling pointers can corrupt memory and cause program instability or crashes.<\/li><li><strong>Security Vulnerabilities<\/strong>: Exploiting dangling pointers is a common tactic for attackers to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or execute malicious code.<\/li><li><strong>Memory Leaks<\/strong>: Mishandling dangling pointers can result in memory leaks, causing the program's memory footprint to grow over time.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"How can developers manage dangling pointers?","answer":"<p>To manage dangling pointers effectively, developers should:<\/p><ul><li>Always set pointers to NULL after deallocating memory to prevent them from becoming dangling pointers.<\/li><li>Avoid using pointers that go out of scope and become invalid.<\/li><li>Use smart pointers or memory management libraries that help in handling memory deallocation more robustly.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"How do proxy servers relate to dangling pointers?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers play a crucial role in web application security. While they are not directly associated with dangling pointers, they can be used to implement security measures that protect against common vulnerabilities, including those arising from memory-related issues.<\/p>"},{"question":"Are there any future technologies related to dangling pointers?","answer":"<p>In modern programming languages, memory management has evolved significantly, with newer languages using automatic memory management or safer pointer handling mechanisms. Researchers and language developers continue to explore solutions to manage memory more efficiently and prevent issues like dangling pointers.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476585\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/476586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}