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\u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/th>\n<th>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u090f\u0915\u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u093e 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\u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a-\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947, \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0964<\/h2>\n<h3>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928<\/strong>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930<\/strong>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0921\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928<\/strong>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 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\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u090f\u0915\u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/strong>\u092e\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0925\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0921\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0928 \u092c\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0932<\/strong>: \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0928\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928<\/strong>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0916\u093e\u0938\u0915\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0909\u0921-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e<\/th>\n<th>\u0905\u0923\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/th>\n<th>\u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/th>\n<th>\u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e<\/td>\n<td>\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928<\/td>\n<td>\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930<\/td>\n<td>\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td>\n<td>\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0921\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928<\/td>\n<td>\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td>\n<td>\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0964<\/h2>\n<p>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/strong>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f-\u0936\u0949\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b-\u0936\u0949\u091f \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u092f\u093e \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d-\u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928<\/strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u091a\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/h2>\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u092c\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0902, \u092b\u093c\u094b\u0930\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0948\u092a \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0925\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/h2>\n<p>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0943\u092a\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0932\u0947\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1409.0473\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0932 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 (\u092c\u0939\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094c \u090f\u091f \u0905\u0932., 2014)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2016\/11\/zero-shot-translation-with-googles.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0917\u0942\u0917\u0932 \u090f\u0906\u0908 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0917: \u0917\u0942\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0932 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u0940\u0930\u094b-\u0936\u0949\u091f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/language-unsupervised\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0913\u092a\u0928\u090f\u0906\u0908 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0917: \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 (\u0930\u0947\u0921\u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u090f\u091f \u0905\u0932., 2018)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Back-translation\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0935\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e: \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a-\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u092c\u0948\u0915-\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0915\u0930, \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u090f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0916\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":467682,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-475962","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Back-Translation: Enhancing Language Translation through Innovation<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Back-translation and how does it work?","answer":"<p>Back-translation is a technique used to enhance machine translation models. It involves translating a text from one language to another and then translating it back to the original language. This iterative process helps the model learn from its own mistakes and improves translation quality.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where did Back-translation originate, and when was it first mentioned?","answer":"<p>The concept of Back-translation dates back to the 1950s, and it was first mentioned in a research paper by Warren Weaver titled \"The general problem of mechanical translation,\" published in 1949.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Back-translation improve machine translation?","answer":"<p>Back-translation improves machine translation by providing additional training data through synthetic translations. These synthetic translations are generated by translating the source sentences into the target language using the initial model. By incorporating these augmented datasets, the model fine-tunes its parameters and improves its understanding of the language.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the types of Back-translation?","answer":"<p>There are different types of Back-translation based on the datasets used for augmentation:<\/p><ol><li>Monolingual Back-translation: Utilizes monolingual data in the target language for augmentation, useful for low-resource languages.<\/li><li>Bilingual Back-translation: Involves translating the source sentences into multiple target languages, resulting in a multilingual model.<\/li><li>Parallel Back-translation: Uses alternative translations from multiple models to augment the parallel dataset, enhancing translation quality.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How can Back-translation be used?","answer":"<p>Back-translation has various applications, including:<\/p><ol><li>Translation Quality Enhancement: It significantly improves the accuracy and fluency of machine translation models.<\/li><li>Language Support Expansion: By incorporating Back-translation, machine translation models can support a wider range of languages, including low-resource ones.<\/li><li>Customization for Domains: The synthetic translations can be specialized for specific domains, such as legal, medical, or technical, to provide accurate translations.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"What are the challenges associated with Back-translation and their solutions?","answer":"<p>Some challenges and solutions related to Back-translation are:<\/p><ol><li>Over-reliance on Monolingual DatEnsuring accurate synthetic translations from monolingual data by using reliable language models for the target language.<\/li><li>Domain Mismatch: Combining translations from multiple models using ensemble methods to reduce inconsistencies in Parallel Back-translation.<\/li><li>Computational Resources: Addressing the need for substantial computational power through distributed computing or cloud-based services.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How does Back-translation compare to Forward Translation and Machine Translation?","answer":"<table><thead><tr><th>Characteristic<\/th><th>Back-Translation<\/th><th>Forward Translation<\/th><th>Machine Translation<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Iterative Learning<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>No<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dataset Augmentation<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>No<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Language Support Expansion<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Domain Adaptation<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives of Back-translation?","answer":"<p>The future of Back-translation includes:<\/p><ol><li>Multilingual Back-translation: Extending Back-translation to work with multiple source and target languages simultaneously.<\/li><li>Zero-shot and Few-shot Learning: Training translation models with minimal or no parallel data for languages with limited resources.<\/li><li>Context-aware Back-translation: Incorporating context and discourse information to improve translation coherence and context preservation.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with Back-translation?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can aid Back-translation by facilitating access to diverse and geographically distributed monolingual data, enriching the training dataset. They also help in bypassing language barriers and accessing content from specific regions, leading to more accurate synthetic translations and better overall translation quality.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/475962\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/467682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}