{"id":479686,"date":"2023-08-09T10:43:25","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T10:43:25","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:19:23","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:19:23","slug":"windows-sockets-api-winsock","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wiki\/windows-sockets-api-winsock\/","title":{"rendered":"Windows \u5957\u63a5\u5b57 API (Winsock)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Windows Sockets API\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a Winsock\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5728 Microsoft Windows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e0\u7f1d\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002Winsock API \u5728 Windows \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5f00\u53d1\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Windows Sockets API\uff08Winsock\uff09\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u5386\u53f2\u4ee5\u53ca\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u5b83<\/h2>\n<p>Winsock \u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6 Windows \u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e00\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc API \u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728 Winsock \u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u4e13\u6709 API \u6765\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5f00\u53d1\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7e41\u7410\u3002Winsock \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u662f Microsoft\u3001FTP Software \u548c Novell \u7b49\u591a\u5bb6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u4efb\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 API\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u516c\u5f00\u63d0\u53ca Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u662f\u968f\u7740 1992 \u5e74 Windows 3.1 \u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec Winsock API \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u5728 Windows \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6709\u5173 Windows \u5957\u63a5\u5b57 API (Winsock) \u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/h2>\n<p>Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93 (DLL)\uff0c\u5b83\u516c\u5f00\u4e00\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 TCP\/IP \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\uff0c\u62bd\u8c61\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u3002 Winsock \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u63d2\u5ea7<\/strong>\uff1a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u662fWinsock\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 (TCP) \u6216\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 (UDP)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5bfb\u5740<\/strong>\uff1aWinsock \u4f7f\u7528 Berkeley Sockets API \u7ea6\u5b9a\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301 IPv4 \u548c IPv6 \u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\uff1aWinsock\u652f\u6301\u5404\u79cd\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662fTCP\uff08\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u548cUDP\uff08\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u963b\u585e\u548c\u975e\u963b\u585e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/strong>\uff1aWinsock \u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4ee5\u963b\u585e\u6216\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002\u5728\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>Winsock \u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 Winsock DLL \u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">WSAStartup<\/code> \u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57 <code data-no-translation=\"\">socket<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u5730\u5740\u65cf\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f SOCK_STREAM\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e TCP\uff09\u6216 SOCK_DGRAM\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e UDP\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">connect<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">bind<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0e\u672c\u5730IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e <code data-no-translation=\"\">listen<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7b49\u5f85\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5f53\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\uff0c <code data-no-translation=\"\">accept<\/code> \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u63a5\u53d7\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">sendto<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e <code data-no-translation=\"\">recvfrom<\/code> \u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">closesocket<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528 Winsock \u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">WSACleanup<\/code> \u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Windows Sockets API\uff08Winsock\uff09\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5e73\u53f0\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aWinsock \u5728 Windows \u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u81f4\u7684 API\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7f16\u5199\u53ea\u9700\u7a0d\u52a0\u4fee\u6539\u5373\u53ef\u8f7b\u677e\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aWinsock \u652f\u6301\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u652f\u6301 IPv4 \u548c IPv6\uff0cWinsock \u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3 IP \u534f\u8bae\u8fc7\u6e21\u65f6\u65e0\u7f1d\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5f02\u6b65I\/O<\/strong>\uff1aWinsock \u652f\u6301\u975e\u963b\u585e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528<\/strong>\uff1aWinsock \u5df2\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5927\u578b\u793e\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Windows Sockets API \u7684\u7c7b\u578b (Winsock)<\/h2>\n<p>Winsock \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7248\u672c\uff1aWinsock 1.1 \u548c Winsock 2.0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7ea7\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u7279\u5f81<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u6e29\u7d22\u514b1.1<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u6e29\u7d22\u514b2.0<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5f02\u6b65\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5bf9\u5f02\u6b65 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u91cd\u53e0\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u534f\u8bae\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5bf9 IPv6 \u7b49\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5168\u9762\u652f\u6301IPv6\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff08QoS\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u63a5\u53e3 (SPI)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 SPI\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5171\u5b58\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u7ec4\u64ad\u652f\u6301<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5bf9\u591a\u64ad\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6709\u9650\u6216\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5168\u9762\u652f\u6301\u591a\u64ad\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u9f13\u52b1\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 Winsock 2.0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Windows Sockets API (Winsock)\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u6d89\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316Winsock\u5e93 <code data-no-translation=\"\">WSAStartup<\/code> \u529f\u80fd\u3002\u968f\u540e\u5e94\u68c0\u67e5 Winsock \u7684\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u521b\u5efa<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57 <code data-no-translation=\"\">socket<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u65cf\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8c03\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">connect<\/code> \u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">bind<\/code> \u548c <code data-no-translation=\"\">listen<\/code> \u4e3a\u4f20\u5165\u8fde\u63a5\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8baf<\/strong>: \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e <code data-no-translation=\"\">send<\/code>\/<code data-no-translation=\"\">sendto<\/code> \u5e76\u6536\u5230\u4f7f\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">recv<\/code>\/<code data-no-translation=\"\">recvfrom<\/code>. \u5728\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7ec8\u6b62<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u901a\u4fe1\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e94\u8be5\u8c03\u7528 <code data-no-translation=\"\">closesocket<\/code> \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5e76 <code data-no-translation=\"\">WSACleanup<\/code> \u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528Winsock\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6216\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5e76\u53d1\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u64cd\u4f5c\u540c\u6b65\u4e0d\u5f53\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u635f\u574f\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362 (NAT)<\/strong>\uff1a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c NAT \u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8d85\u65f6<\/strong>\uff1a\u672a\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8d85\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e0\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u9501\u7b49\u540c\u6b65\u6280\u672f\u3001\u5904\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c NAT \u904d\u5386\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8d85\u65f6\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\u53ca\u4e0e\u540c\u7c7b\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3 Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u548c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u672f\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc API \u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>BSD \u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/strong>\uff1aBSD \u5957\u63a5\u5b57 API \u662f Winsock \u6240\u57fa\u4e8e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a API \u90fd\u9075\u5faa Berkeley \u5957\u63a5\u5b57 API \u7ea6\u5b9a\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfb\u5740\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0cBSD \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e Unix \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c Winsock \u5219\u4e13\u4e3a Windows \u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Socket.io<\/strong>\uff1aSocket.io \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a JavaScript \u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4fc3\u8fdb Web \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4e0e Winsock \u4e0d\u540c\uff0cSocket.io \u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u5728 Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u7528\u5b9e\u65f6\u804a\u5929\u3001\u901a\u77e5\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u4e0e Windows Sockets API\uff08Winsock\uff09\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u672a\u6765\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6280\u672f<\/h2>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u9700\u6c42\u5c06\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u3002 Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u8ddf\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u65b0\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u53ef\u7528 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8017\u5c3d\uff0cIPv6 \u7684\u91c7\u7528\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002 Winsock \u5c06\u5728\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u987a\u5229\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230 IPv6 \u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u957f\u671f\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u589e\u957f\uff0cWinsock\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u652f\u6301\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u5173\u8054<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5145\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u62e6\u622a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8c03\u7528\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u4e0e Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u5173\u8054\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee3\u8868\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06 Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u4e0e\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u53d7\u589e\u5f3a\u9690\u79c1\u3001\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5730\u7406\u9650\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n<p>\u6709\u5173 Windows Sockets API (Winsock) \u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4f\u89c8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/win32\/winsock\/windows-sockets-start-page\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Microsoft Winsock \u6587\u6863<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/win32\/winsock\/windows-sockets-2\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Winsock 2.0 API \u89c4\u8303<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":470948,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-479686","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Windows Sockets API (Winsock): A Comprehensive Overview<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"<strong>What is the Windows Sockets API (Winsock)?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>The Windows Sockets API, commonly known as Winsock, is a programming interface that allows developers to create networking applications on the Microsoft Windows operating system. It provides a standardized way for applications to communicate over a network, making it possible to establish connections, send and receive data, and manage network-related functions seamlessly.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What is the history of Windows Sockets API (Winsock)?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>The origins of Winsock trace back to the early 1990s when the need for a consistent networking API on Windows arose. It was first publicly mentioned with the release of Windows 3.1 in 1992, which included the first implementation of the Winsock API. The development of Winsock was a collaborative effort by several organizations, including Microsoft, FTP Software, and Novell, with the aim of providing a unified API for networking tasks.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How does the Windows Sockets API (Winsock) work?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Winsock is implemented as a set of functions accessible through the Winsock DLL. The application initializes the library using the <code>WSAStartup<\/code> function and creates sockets to establish communication. It supports both connection-oriented (TCP) and connectionless (UDP) communication. Communication between sockets can be done using <code>send<\/code>\/<code>sendto<\/code> for data transmission and <code>recv<\/code>\/<code>recvfrom<\/code> for data reception. Finally, the application calls <code>closesocket<\/code> to close the socket and <code>WSACleanup<\/code> to release resources.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the key features of Windows Sockets API (Winsock)?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Winsock offers platform independence, flexibility with support for various protocols, scalability with IPv6 support, asynchronous I\/O capabilities, and wide adoption among developers, making it a robust and versatile networking API.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What types of Windows Sockets API (Winsock) are available?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Winsock provides two main versions: Winsock 1.1 and Winsock 2.0. Winsock 2.0 offers enhanced features such as better asynchronous functionality, support for newer protocols like IPv6 and Quality of Service (QoS), and the Service Provider Interface (SPI) for multiple transport providers.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are common problems and solutions related to Winsock usage?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Common problems include memory management, concurrency issues, and dealing with firewalls and NAT traversal. Solutions involve proper memory allocation, synchronization techniques, handling firewall and NAT devices, and setting appropriate socket timeouts.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How is Windows Sockets API (Winsock) compared to other networking APIs?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Winsock is based on the BSD Sockets API convention and provides similar functionalities. However, BSD Sockets is primarily used on Unix-based systems, while Winsock is designed for Windows. On the other hand, Socket.io is a JavaScript library tailored for real-time communication in web applications.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>What are the future perspectives of Windows Sockets API (Winsock)?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>As technology advances, Winsock is expected to support new protocols, security enhancements, and performance optimizations. It will play a crucial role in enabling applications to transition smoothly to IPv6 networks and adapt to evolving networking requirements.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>How can proxy servers be used with Windows Sockets API (Winsock)?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>Proxy servers act as intermediaries between client applications and destination servers. By associating proxy servers with Winsock, users can enjoy enhanced privacy, bypass geo-restrictions, and improved network performance through caching and load balancing.<\/p>"},{"question":"<strong>Where can I find more information about Windows Sockets API (Winsock)?<\/strong>","answer":"<p>For more in-depth information, you can explore the Microsoft Winsock documentation at <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/win32\/winsock\/windows-sockets-start-page\" target=\"_new\">docs.microsoft.com<\/a> and the Winsock 2.0 API specification at <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/win32\/winsock\/windows-sockets-2\" target=\"_new\">docs.microsoft.com<\/a>.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479686","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/479686\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/470948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479686"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u53ef\u6e7f\u6027\u7c89\u5242","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}