{"id":478878,"date":"2023-08-09T09:39:28","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:39:28","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:17:45","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:17:45","slug":"secure-sockets-layer-ssl","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wiki\/secure-sockets-layer-ssl\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002SSL \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6 Web \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u8fc7 Internet \u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL) \u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u5386\u53f2\u4ee5\u53ca\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u5b83<\/h2>\n<p>SSL \u6700\u65e9\u7531 Netscape Communications Corporation \u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e 1994 \u5e74\u5728 Netscape Navigator 1.0 \u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728 HTTP \u5c42\u4e0a\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u521b\u5efa\u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u95f4\u8f74\uff1a<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>SSL 1.0\uff081994\u5e74\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5185\u90e8\u5f00\u53d1\u4f46\u4ece\u672a\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSL 2.0\uff081995\u5e74\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e8e 1995 \u5e74 2 \u6708\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSL 3.0\uff081996\u5e74\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> SSL 2.0 \u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u7531 Paul Kocher \u9886\u5bfc\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230 TLS\uff1a<\/strong> 1999 \u5e74\uff0cSSL \u88ab\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\u6027 (TLS) \u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0cTLS \u662f\u7531\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u7ec4 (IETF) \u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u6709\u5173\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL) \u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/h2>\n<p>SSL \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d0\u4f9b\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6269\u5c55\u4e3b\u9898\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL)\uff1a<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f7f\u622a\u83b7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong> \u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6b63\u76f4\uff1a<\/strong> \u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u672a\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42\uff08SSL\uff09\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>SSL \u534f\u8bae\u7531\u4e24\u5c42\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>SSL \u8bb0\u5f55\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fd9\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u79c1\u5bc6\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSL \u63e1\u624b\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fd9\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u76f8\u4e92\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>SSL \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>ClientHello \u6d88\u606f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u652f\u6301\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u503c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>ServerHello \u6d88\u606f\uff1a<\/strong> \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u5176\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong> \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u548c\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\uff1a<\/strong> \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ea4\u6362\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5171\u4eab\u79d8\u5bc6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6700\u7ec8\u786e\u5b9a\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4eec\u4ea4\u6362\u6d88\u606f\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u63e1\u624b\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u4ea4\u6362\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42\uff08SSL\uff09\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u52a0\u5bc6\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u7801\u672f\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a<\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u6838\u5b9e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7edc\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a<\/strong> \u52a0\u5bc6\/\u89e3\u5bc6\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u5c11\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL) \u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 SSL \u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u53ef\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ea7\u522b<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u57df\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e\u7684<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u672c\u52a0\u5bc6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<td>\u4e2d\u7b49\u7684<\/td>\n<td>\u5546\u4e1a\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6269\u5c55\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u7684<\/td>\n<td>\u5f3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL) \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<h3>\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Web \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff1a<\/strong> \u786e\u4fdd\u4e0e\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/strong> \u52a0\u5bc6\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\uff1a<\/strong> \u901a\u8fc7 FTP \u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>VPN\uff1a<\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u52a0\u5bc6\u96a7\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8bc1\u4e66\u5df2\u8fc7\u671f\uff1a<\/strong> \u786e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f31\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9a\u671f\u5ba1\u67e5\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\u53ca\u4e0e\u540c\u7c7b\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h2>\n<h3>SSL \u4e0e TLS\uff1a<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>SSL<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>TLS<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c<\/td>\n<td>\u6700\u9ad8 3.0<\/td>\n<td>1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b<\/td>\n<td>\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u592a\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n<td>\u66f4\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5bc6\u7801\u6280\u672f<\/td>\n<td>\u8f83\u65e7<\/td>\n<td>\u66f4\u52a0\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u548c\u9ad8\u6548<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL) \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u672a\u6765\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6280\u672f<\/h2>\n<p>SSL \u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u3001\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u6cd5\u89c4\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bf8\u5982\u5f00\u53d1\u6297\u91cf\u5b50\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u5f3a\u5927\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42 (SSL) \u5173\u8054<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 OneProxy \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u5229\u7528 SSL \u52a0\u5bc6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a0\u5bc6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5141\u8bb8\u5b89\u5168\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5730\u7406\u9650\u5236\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u52a0\u5bc6\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5206\u6790\u6216\u5185\u5bb9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/wg\/tls\/about\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">IETF TLS \u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.mozilla.org\/Security\/Server_Side_TLS\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Mozilla \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef TLS \u6307\u5357<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">OneProxy\u670d\u52a1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 SSL\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5728\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u79c1\u5bc6\u5730\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9075\u5b88\u548c\u7406\u89e3 SSL \u539f\u5219\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":470437,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-478878","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)?","answer":"<p>Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a protocol used to encrypt connections between web browsers and web servers, ensuring privacy, integrity, and authentication in data sent over the Internet.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the history of SSL?","answer":"<p>SSL was first developed by Netscape in 1994, and its major iterations included SSL 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0. In 1999, SSL was succeeded by the Transport Layer Security (TLS) standard, which continues to be used today.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does SSL work?","answer":"<p>SSL works by using two main layers: the SSL Record Protocol for encrypting data and the SSL Handshake Protocol for authentication and key exchange. The process includes client and server messages, authentication through digital certificates, key exchange, and encryption of the actual data being transmitted.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of SSL?","answer":"<p>The key features of SSL include encryption through symmetric cryptography, authentication using digital certificates, compatibility with most browsers and servers, and a minimal impact on performance.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the different types of SSL?","answer":"<p>SSL certificates can be classified into three main types: Domain Validation for basic encryption, Organization Validation for business authentication, and Extended Validation for strong business authentication.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some common problems with SSL and their solutions?","answer":"<p>Some common problems with SSL include expired certificates, weak encryption algorithms, and misconfiguration. Solutions involve keeping certificates up to date, using strong algorithms, and regularly reviewing and updating configurations.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does SSL differ from TLS?","answer":"<p>Though similar in function, SSL is considered less secure and utilizes older cipher techniques compared to TLS. TLS includes more modern and efficient encryption methods, making it more secure.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with SSL?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers like OneProxy often use SSL to encrypt traffic between the client and the proxy, enhancing privacy and security. It also allows secure bypassing of geo-restrictions or network filters.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives related to SSL?","answer":"<p>The future of SSL and related technologies is focused on adapting to the rise of IoT, cloud computing, and the development of Quantum-resistant algorithms to meet growing security needs.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about SSL?","answer":"<p>You can find more information about SSL through resources such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/wg\/tls\/about\/\" target=\"_new\">IETF TLS Working Group<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.mozilla.org\/Security\/Server_Side_TLS\" target=\"_new\">Mozilla's Server Side TLS Guidelines<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oneproxy.pro\" target=\"_new\">OneProxy Services<\/a>.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/478878\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/470437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478878"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u53ef\u6e7f\u6027\u7c89\u5242","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}