{"id":477126,"date":"2023-08-09T09:07:44","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:07:44","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-10-30T16:50:08","modified_gmt":"2023-10-30T16:50:08","slug":"etl-extract-transform-load","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wiki\/etl-extract-transform-load\/","title":{"rendered":"ETL\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>ETL \u4ee3\u8868\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u662f\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6216\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7b49\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u3002ETL \u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ETL\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/h2>\n<p>ETL \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0cETL \u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u667a\u80fd (BI) \u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IBM \u4e8e 1966 \u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf (IMS) \u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a ETL \u7684\u524d\u8eab\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cETL \u4e00\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u548c 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u968f\u7740\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6269\u5c55\u4e3b\u9898\uff1aETL\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>ETL \u6d89\u53ca\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u70bc\uff1a<\/strong> \u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u6d89\u53ca\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u6765\u6e90\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6765\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001CRM \u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u3002\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6216\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/strong> \u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u6d89\u53ca\u6e05\u7406\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u805a\u5408\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a<\/strong> \u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>ETL \u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ETL\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>ETL \u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u6682\u5b58\uff1a<\/strong> \u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u88ab\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u4ee5\u4f9b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\u88ab\u6e05\u7406\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6240\u9700\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a<\/strong> \u6e05\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5448\u73b0\uff1a<\/strong> \u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3001\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u800c\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ETL\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u6574\u5408\uff1a<\/strong> ETL \u652f\u6301\u6574\u5408\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\uff1a<\/strong> ETL \u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong> ETL \u5de5\u5177\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u5de5\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u548c\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/strong> ETL \u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong> ETL \u5de5\u5177\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6062\u590d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>ETL \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0cETL \u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u56e0\u7d20<\/th>\n<th>\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6309\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u672c\u5730 ETL\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e91\u7684 ETL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6309\u79ef\u5206<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u6279\u91cf ETL\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6 ETL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6309\u670d\u52a1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u81ea\u52a9\u5f0f ETL\u3001\u6258\u7ba1\u5f0f ETL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>ETL\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u6311\u6218<\/h2>\n<p>ETL \u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u548c\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u6311\u6218\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u9690\u79c1\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u7ea7 ETL \u5de5\u5177\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6cbb\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u865a\u62df\u5316\u548c\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e0e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u5b66\u671f<\/th>\n<th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<th>\u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u5f02<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u8a00\u57f9\u8bad<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u540e\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u8f6c\u6362\u6b65\u9aa4\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6570\u636e\u6574\u5408<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u5355\u4e00\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u66f4\u901a\u7528\u7684\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u5305\u62ec ETL \u5728\u5185\u7684\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>ETL \u7684\u672a\u6765\u524d\u666f\u548c\u6280\u672f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c55\u671b\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230 ETL \u6d41\u7a0b\u5c06\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5b9e\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u89c6\u6d41\u6570\u636e\u3002\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u5728\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u66f4\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e91\u7684 ETL \u670d\u52a1\u5c06\u56e0\u5176\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\u800c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u666e\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c ETL\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u533f\u540d\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6765\u589e\u5f3a ETL \u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u516c\u5171 Web \u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u65f6\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5730\u7406\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/cloud\/learn\/etl\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f ETL\uff1f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talend.com\/resources\/what-is-etl\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ETL \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.datanami.com\/2019\/09\/04\/the-future-of-etl-isnt-what-it-used-to-be\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ETL \u7684\u672a\u6765<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kdnuggets.com\/2019\/09\/data-warehousing-extract-transform-load-etl.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u548c ETL \u7b80\u4ecb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.com\/en_us\/insights\/articles\/data-management\/understanding-data-integration.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6210<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba\u60a8\u662f\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528 ETL \u8fd8\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63a8\u52a8\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6210\u3001\u6539\u8fdb\u51b3\u7b56\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":491190,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477126","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>The Comprehensive Guide to ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What does ETL stand for?","answer":"ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load. It's a process in data warehousing that involves extracting data from various sources, transforming it into a standard format, and loading it into a destination such as a database or a data warehouse."},{"question":"When was ETL first used?","answer":"The concept of ETL dates back to the 1970s with the advent of computer-based information systems. The term ETL itself came into use in the 1980s and 1990s, coinciding with the rise of relational databases and data warehousing technologies."},{"question":"What are the key stages of the ETL process?","answer":"The key stages of the ETL process are extraction, where data is collected from various sources; transformation, where the data is cleaned, validated, and modified; and loading, where the transformed data is moved into a destination system such as a database or data warehouse."},{"question":"What are the key features of ETL?","answer":"The key features of ETL include data integration from multiple sources, data cleaning to ensure consistency and quality, automated processing to reduce manual effort, data transformation to fit the needs of the target system, and robust error handling to ensure the reliability of the data integration process."},{"question":"What types of ETL exist?","answer":"ETL can be categorized by deployment (on-premise or cloud-based), by integration (batch or real-time), and by service model (self-service or managed)."},{"question":"What are some applications and challenges of ETL?","answer":"ETL is widely used in data warehousing, business intelligence, data migration, and data synchronization. Challenges include data privacy, handling of real-time data, managing large volumes of data, and the need for high performance and scalability."},{"question":"How does ETL differ from ELT and Data Integration?","answer":"ELT, or Extract, Load, Transform, differs from ETL in that the transformation occurs after the data is loaded into the target system. Data Integration is a broader term that encompasses a range of processes, including ETL, to combine data from different sources into a unified view."},{"question":"What are future perspectives and technologies in ETL?","answer":"The future of ETL points towards more real-time processes, with a focus on streaming data. Technologies like machine learning and AI will play a larger role in data transformation, and cloud-based ETL services will become more prevalent due to their scalability and cost-effectiveness."},{"question":"How can proxy servers be used in ETL?","answer":"Proxy servers can enhance ETL processes by providing security and anonymity, particularly when extracting public web data. They can also bypass geo-restrictions, allowing for a more comprehensive data extraction process."}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477126\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/491190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477126"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u53ef\u6e7f\u6027\u7c89\u5242","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}