{"id":477088,"date":"2023-08-09T09:06:59","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:06:59","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:58","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:58","slug":"encapsulating-security-payload","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wiki\/encapsulating-security-payload\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u8d1f\u8f7d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d (ESP) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7 IP \u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u9690\u79c1\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u662f IPsec\uff08\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae\u5b89\u5168\uff09\u5957\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e VPN\uff08\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u7ec4 (IETF) \u5f00\u53d1 IPsec \u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0cIPsec \u662f\u4e00\u5957\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u901a\u8fc7 IP \u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002 ESP \u7684\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230 1995 \u5e74\u7684 RFC 1827\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u88ab 1998 \u5e74\u7684 RFC 2406 \u5e9f\u5f03\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u88ab 2005 \u5e74\u7684 RFC 4303\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff09\u5e9f\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h2>\n<p>ESP \u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6 IP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06 ESP \u6807\u5934\u548c\u5c3e\u90e8\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136 ESP \u6807\u5934\u4e3a\u63a5\u6536\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u5bc6\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46 ESP \u5c3e\u90e8\u5305\u542b\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u671f\u95f4\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u586b\u5145\u548c\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff09\u5df2\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ESP \u62a5\u5934\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u8be5\u62a5\u5934\u5305\u542b\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u7d22\u5f15 (SPI) \u548c\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ESP \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6570\u636e\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u586b\u5145\u3001\u586b\u5145\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5934\uff08\u6307\u793a\u6240\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u548c\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3001ESP \u6807\u5934\u548c ESP \u5c3e\u90e8\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u6dfb\u52a0\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5c42\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u5728\u8fd0\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u673a\u5bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u672a\u7ecf\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5e76\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>ESP \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0cESP \u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u514d\u906d\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1aESP \u9a8c\u8bc1\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u88ab\u62e6\u622a\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1aESP \u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9632\u91cd\u653e\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1aESP \u901a\u8fc7\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>ESP \u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u96a7\u9053\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6a21\u5f0f<\/th>\n<th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8fd0\u8f93<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9 IP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u800c\u539f\u59cb IP \u6807\u5934\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u5230\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u96a7\u9053<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u52a0\u5bc6\u5e76\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u5177\u6709\u65b0 IP \u6807\u5934\u7684\u65b0 IP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u7684 VPN\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u6311\u6218<\/h2>\n<p>ESP \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3a VPN \u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc\u96a7\u9053\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u673a\u5230\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u4fe1\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff1aESP \u9700\u8981\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u51cf\u6162\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62 ESP \u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 IKE\uff08\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\uff09\u7b49\u81ea\u52a8\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u52a0\u901f\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 ESP \u548c NAT \u904d\u5386\u6280\u672f\u6765\u7ed5\u8fc7\u963b\u6b62 ESP \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u7279\u70b9<\/h2>\n<p>ESP \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176 IPsec \u5957\u4ef6\u4f19\u4f34\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6807\u5934 (AH) \u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709 ESP \u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e AH \u4e0d\u540c\uff0cESP \u652f\u6301\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u96a7\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ESP \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u9632\u91cd\u653e\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f<\/h2>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5bf9 ESP \u7b49\u5f3a\u5927\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u9884\u8ba1 ESP \u7684\u672a\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u5c06\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u4e0a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u65b0\u5174\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 OneProxy \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 ESP \u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 ESP\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u3001\u771f\u5b9e\u4e14\u4e0d\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cESP \u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5c42\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u9488\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u6237\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n<p>\u6709\u5173\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc4303\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">IETF RFC 4303 \u2013 IP \u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d (ESP)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7296\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362 (IKEv2) \u534f\u8bae<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipsec.info\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">IPsec \u9875\u9762<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/wg\/ipsecme\/about\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">IETF IPsec \u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":477089,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477088","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Encapsulating Security Payload: A Comprehensive Insight<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Encapsulating Security Payload?","answer":"<p>Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is a protocol that provides security for data packets sent over an IP network. It's part of the IPsec suite and is widely used in Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) to ensure secure data transmission.<\/p>"},{"question":"When was the Encapsulating Security Payload first mentioned?","answer":"<p>The first mention of the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) can be traced back to 1995 with RFC 1827. It was then updated by RFC 2406 in 1998, and finally by RFC 4303 in 2005, which is the version currently in use.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does the Encapsulating Security Payload work?","answer":"<p>The Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) works by appending an ESP header and trailer to the original data packet, which is then encrypted and optionally authenticated. This ensures the payload remains confidential while in transit and arrives at the destination unaltered and verified.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Encapsulating Security Payload?","answer":"<p>The key features of ESP include confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and anti-replay protection. It protects the data from unauthorized access, verifies the identity of the sending and receiving parties, ensures the data remains unaltered, and protects against replay attacks.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Encapsulating Security Payload exist?","answer":"<p>There are two modes of operation in ESP: Transport mode and Tunnel mode. In Transport mode, only the payload of the IP packet is encrypted, leaving the original IP header intact. In Tunnel mode, the entire IP packet is encrypted and encapsulated within a new IP packet with a new IP header.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some challenges related to the use of Encapsulating Security Payload?","answer":"<p>Challenges associated with ESP include its complex setup and management, performance impact due to encryption and decryption processes, and compatibility issues as some networks may block ESP traffic.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers use Encapsulating Security Payload?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can use ESP to improve security for their users. By employing ESP, proxy servers can create secure channels for data transmission, ensuring that the data remains confidential, authentic, and unaltered.<\/p>"},{"question":"What future technologies could be related to Encapsulating Security Payload?","answer":"<p>Future improvements to ESP will likely focus on enhancing security, performance, and compatibility. Emerging technologies, such as more sophisticated encryption algorithms and quantum computing, may have better integration with ESP.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477088","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477088\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477088"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u53ef\u6e7f\u6027\u7c89\u5242","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}