{"id":476972,"date":"2023-08-09T09:05:36","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:05:36","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:13:46","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:13:46","slug":"domain-name-system-dns","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wiki\/domain-name-system-dns\/","title":{"rendered":"\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u5386\u53f2\u53ca\u5176\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u3002<\/h2>\n

\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u662f\u652f\u6491\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5b83\u4e8e 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u9996\u6b21\u63a8\u51fa\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u7ba1\u7406\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728 DNS \u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9759\u6001\u7684hosts.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u624b\u52a8\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6620\u5c04\u5230 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u5feb\u53d8\u5f97\u96be\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

1983\u5e74\uff0cPaul Mockapetris\u5728RFC 882\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86DNS\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728RFC 883\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8e 1985 \u5e74\u5168\u9762\u6295\u5165\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a (NSF) \u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u5173\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5c55\u5f00\u4e3b\u9898\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS)\u3002<\/h2>\n

\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u57df\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709 DNS\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u53c8\u957f\u53c8\u590d\u6742\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

DNS \u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u57df\u540d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cDNS \u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5168\u7403\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9ad8\u6548\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

DNS \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7531\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5171\u670913\u7ec4\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3aA\u5230M\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5168\u7403\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u5173\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d (TLD) \u53ca\u5176\u6743\u5a01\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d (TLD)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6700\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u57df\u540d\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 .com\u3001.org\u3001.net \u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\/\u5730\u533a\u4ee3\u7801 TLD\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 .us \u6216 .uk\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a TLD \u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u5173\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u57df\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u57df\u7684 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201cexample.com\u201d\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u8be5\u57df\u5173\u8054\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    \u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u7531\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546 (ISP) \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd0\u8425\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u4ee3\u8868\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u68c0\u7d22 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/h2>\n

    DNS\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u57df\u540d\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5728 Web \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u57df\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u8be5\u57df\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a IP \u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      \u7b2c 1 \u6b65\uff1a\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u5907\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u8be5\u57df\u540d\u6700\u8fd1\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u8be5\u57df\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5219\u89e3\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      \u7b2c2\u6b65\uff1a\u8054\u7cfb\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u57df\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u5411\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u7531 ISP \u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u53d1\u9001 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      \u7b2c 3 \u6b65\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5904\u7406 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u89e3\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u8054\u7cfb\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u53f0\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u54ea\u4e2a TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u8be5\u57df\u5177\u6709\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      \u6b65\u9aa44\uff1aTLD\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u8054\u7cfb\u9002\u5f53\u7684 TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5173\u57df\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      \u7b2c5\u6b65\uff1a\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u8054\u7cfb\u57df\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u57df\u540d\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7279\u5b9a IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      \u7b2c 6 \u6b65\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u57df\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u54cd\u5e94\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    7. \n

      \u7b2c7\u6b65\uff1a\u56de\u590d\u7528\u6237<\/strong>\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5c06 IP \u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    8. \n

      \u7b2c 8 \u6b65\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7ad9<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6258\u7ba1\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u7f51\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cDNS \u89e3\u6790\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u8bb8\u591a DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5411\u6743\u5a01\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2\u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u57df\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08DNS\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/h2>\n

      \u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        \u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1aDNS \u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5c42\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u8be5\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001TLD \u548c\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u57df\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        \u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316<\/strong>\uff1aDNS \u4ee5\u5206\u6563\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        \u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff1aDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u4ee5\u524d\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u57df\u540d\u3002\u8fd9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n

        \u5197\u4f59<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23 DNS \u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4e3a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u63d0\u4f9b\u5197\u4f59\u548c\u6062\u590d\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      5. \n

        \u5168\u7403\u8986\u76d6<\/strong>\uff1aDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      6. \n

        \u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aDNS \u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u5199\u51fa\u5b58\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS)\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u683c\u548c\u5217\u8868\u6765\u5199\u4f5c\u3002<\/h2>\n

        \u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f DNS \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \u57fa\u4e8e\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. \n

          \u6743\u5a01\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58\u7279\u5b9a\u57df\u7684\u5b98\u65b9 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e3a\u5176\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57df\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u63d0\u4f9b\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          \u9012\u5f52DNS<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f13\u5b58 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee3\u8868\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5904\u7406 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u6743\u5a01\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u7f13\u5b58\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u57fa\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\uff1a<\/h3>\n
            \n
          1. \n

            \u516c\u5171DNS<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7531 ISP\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6216\u516c\u5171 DNS \u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            \u79c1\u6709DNS<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e13\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u90e8\u540d\u79f0\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u516c\u5171\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u57fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\uff1a<\/h3>\n
              \n
            1. \n

              DNSSEC\uff08\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6269\u5c55\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u5957\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u786e\u4fdd DNS \u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a DNS \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            2. \n

              \u57fa\u4e8e HTTPS \u7684 DNS (DoH)<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u52a0\u5bc6 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u9690\u79c1\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u7a83\u542c\u6216\u64cd\u7eb5 DNS \u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u4f7f\u7528\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/h2>\n

              \u4f7f\u7528 DNS \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h3>\n
                \n
              1. \n

                \u7f51\u7ad9\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong>\uff1aDNS\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u57df\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u719f\u6089\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              2. \n

                \u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u9001<\/strong>\uff1a\u50cf MX\uff08\u90ae\u4ef6\u4ea4\u6362\uff09\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u57df\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              3. \n

                \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong>\uff1aDNS \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u5355\u4e2a\u57df\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e0d\u540c IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u6d41\u91cf\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/h3>\n
                  \n
                1. \n

                  DNS \u89e3\u6790\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong>\uff1aDNS \u89e3\u6790\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7ad9\u52a0\u8f7d\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5728 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                2. \n

                  DNS \u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u6bd2<\/strong>\uff1a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u7eb5 DNS \u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6076\u610f\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002 DNSSEC \u5b9e\u65bd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u786e\u4fdd DNS \u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u6765\u9632\u8303\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                3. \n

                  DNS \u4e0a\u7684 DDoS \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1 (DDoS) \u653b\u51fb\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u4efb\u64ad\u8def\u7531\u548c\u589e\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5197\u4f59\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u9632\u5fa1\u6b64\u7c7b\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                4. \n

                  \u5730\u7406\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7f51\u7edc (CDN) \u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5bb9\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u4ee5\u8868\u683c\u548c\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5217\u51fa\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u7279\u5f81<\/strong><\/th>\n\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS)<\/strong><\/th>\n\u52a8\u6001\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\uff08DDNS\uff09<\/strong><\/th>\n\u53cd\u5411\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                  \u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5c06\u57df\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/td>\n\u5c06\u52a8\u6001 IP \u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/td>\n\u5c06 IP \u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/td>\n\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u901a\u7528\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/td>\n\u5f53\u8bbe\u5907\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u9891\u7e41\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5b58\u50a8\u5404\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5305\u62ecA\u3001AAAA\u3001MX\u3001CNAME\u7b49\u3002<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u7ef4\u62a4 A \u548c AAAA \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/td>\n\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406 PTR \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u66f4\u65b0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u8bb0\u5f55\u7531\u57df\u6240\u6709\u8005\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/td>\n\u7531\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/td>\n\u8bb0\u5f55\u901a\u5e38\u7531 IP \u5730\u5740\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/strong><\/td>\n\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6d4f\u89c8\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/td>\n\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u6539 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/td>\n\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/td>\n\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 UDP \u548c TCP \u7aef\u53e3 53\u3002<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e DNS \u548c DHCP \u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/td>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 DNS \u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u4e0e\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u672a\u6765\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/h2>\n

                  \u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6280\u672f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \n

                    \u57fa\u4e8e TLS \u7684 DNS (DoT)<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e HTTPS \u4e0a\u7684 DNS \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cDoT \u4f7f\u7528 TLS \u52a0\u5bc6 DNS \u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u9690\u79c1\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  2. \n

                    IPv6 \u91c7\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u968f\u7740 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8017\u5c3d\uff0cIPv6 \u7684\u91c7\u7528\u6b63\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u3002 DNS \u901a\u8fc7\u5c06 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u652f\u6301 IPv6 \u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  3. \n

                    \u6539\u8fdb\u7684 DNS \u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u6301\u7eed\u52aa\u529b\u589e\u5f3a DNS \u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528 DNSSEC \u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u6765\u963b\u6b62 DNS \u76f8\u5173\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  4. \n

                    DNS \u9690\u79c1\u6269\u5c55\uff08DNS \u9690\u79c1\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aDNS Privacy\u65e8\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u4fe1\u606f\u5728DNS\u89e3\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u88ab\u6cc4\u9732\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9690\u79c1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  5. \n

                    \u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316 DNS\uff08\u533a\u5757\u94fe\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u63a2\u7d22\u4f7f\u7528\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u6280\u672f\u521b\u5efa\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u7684 DNS \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u5173\u8054\u3002<\/h2>\n

                    \u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c DNS \u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u54cd DNS \u89e3\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u4e0e DNS \u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. \n

                      \u7f13\u5b58 DNS \u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u6743\u5a01\u540d\u79f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    2. \n

                      \u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u963b\u6b62<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee3\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e DNS \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u57df\u540d\u963b\u6b62\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    3. \n

                      \u57fa\u4e8e\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 DNS \u6267\u884c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5f15\u5bfc\u81f3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    4. \n

                      \u900f\u660e\u4ee3\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u900f\u660e\u4ee3\u7406\u62e6\u622a\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1 DNS \u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u76d1\u89c6\u7528\u6237\u7684 DNS \u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    5. \n

                      \u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u9053\uff08DoH \u6216 DoT\uff09\u8def\u7531 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u9690\u79c1\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u7a83\u542c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n

                      \u6709\u5173\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (DNS) \u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u7ec4 (IETF) DNS \u89c4\u8303<\/a><\/li>\n
                      2. \u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6269\u5c55 (DNSSEC)<\/a><\/li>\n
                      3. DNS \u672f\u8bed\u8868<\/a><\/li>\n
                      4. DNS \u7b80\u53f2<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        \u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3 DNS \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7f51\u7ad9\u6240\u6709\u8005\u90fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5bfc\u822a\u7684\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u7f1d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":468258,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-476972","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about Domain Name System (DNS): The Backbone of Internet Navigation<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is the Domain Name System (DNS)?","answer":"

                        The Domain Name System (DNS) is a crucial technology that translates user-friendly domain names (e.g., example.com) into numerical IP addresses (e.g., 192.0.2.1). It enables seamless navigation on the internet by allowing users to access websites and services using easy-to-remember domain names.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did the DNS originate?","answer":"

                        The DNS was proposed by Paul Mockapetris in the early 1980s to replace the manual process of mapping hostnames to IP addresses. The first implementation of DNS was introduced in 1983, and it became fully operational in 1985.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does DNS work?","answer":"

                        DNS operates on a hierarchical and decentralized structure. When a user enters a domain name in their web browser, the DNS system follows a multi-step process, involving root servers, TLD servers, and authoritative name servers, to resolve the domain to its corresponding IP address.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of DNS?","answer":"

                        DNS boasts a hierarchical structure, decentralization, caching mechanisms, redundancy, global coverage, and scalability. These features ensure efficient and reliable domain resolution for the vast internet user base.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of DNS exist?","answer":"

                        DNS can be classified based on functionality into authoritative DNS and recursive DNS. Based on deployment, it can be public or private. Regarding security, DNSSEC and DNS over HTTPS (DoH) are notable extensions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How is DNS used?","answer":"

                        DNS serves as the backbone for internet navigation, facilitating website access, email delivery, load balancing, and more. It plays a vital role in various applications that require domain-to-IP translation.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are some problems related to DNS and their solutions?","answer":"

                        Common DNS-related issues include resolution delays, DNS spoofing, cache poisoning, and DDoS attacks. Implementing efficient caching mechanisms, DNSSEC, and Anycast routing can help address these problems.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the future outlook for DNS?","answer":"

                        The future of DNS involves technologies like DNS over TLS (DoT), IPv6 adoption, improved DNS security, DNS Privacy Extensions, and the potential exploration of decentralized DNS using blockchain technology.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers associated with DNS?","answer":"

                        Proxy servers are closely related to DNS and can be used for caching DNS queries, content filtering, geolocation-based routing, and enhancing privacy and security during DNS resolution.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about DNS?","answer":"

                        For more in-depth information about the Domain Name System (DNS), you can refer to the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) DNS Specifications, Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC), The DNS Glossary, and a brief history of DNS.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/476972\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476972"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u53ef\u6e7f\u6027\u7c89\u5242","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}