{"id":477805,"date":"2023-08-09T09:20:41","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:20:41","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:15:27","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:15:27","slug":"layer-4-switch","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wiki\/layer-4-switch\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c OSI (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629). \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c OSI\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 TCP (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644) \u0648UDP (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u0631\u0646\u062a) \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 IP)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 MAC \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong>: \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 IP \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 4<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/td>\n<td>- \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td>- \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>- \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>- \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u2013 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>- \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>- \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>- \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong>: \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/strong>: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0634\u0631\u0637<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 4<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 4) \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c OSI\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 2) \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c OSI\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 MAC \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 3<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 3) \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c OSI\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062f\u0639\u0645 IPv6<\/strong>: \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f IPv6\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/td\/docs\/ios-xml\/ios\/ipapp_fhrp\/configuration\/xe-16\/fhp-xe-16-book\/cf-fpapp-xe.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u2013 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.f5.com\/services\/resources\/white-papers\/load-balancing-101-nuts-and-bolts\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a F5 \u2013 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 101<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radware.com\/resources\/application-delivery-guide\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c Radware \u2013 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 ADC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":477806,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477805","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Layer 4 Switch: Enhancing Proxy Server Performance and Efficiency<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is a Layer 4 switch, and how does it work?","answer":"<p>A Layer 4 switch is a network device that operates at the Transport Layer (Layer 4) of the OSI model. It intelligently routes data packets based on their source and destination port numbers. By doing so, it optimizes network traffic and enhances the performance of applications like proxy servers.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did Layer 4 switches come into existence?","answer":"<p>The concept of Layer 4 switches emerged in the late 1990s as a solution to handle the increasing internet traffic efficiently. The first mentions of Layer 4 switching were seen in research papers and technical discussions during the early 2000s, where the potential benefits of such devices were explored.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Layer 4 switches?","answer":"<p>The key features of Layer 4 switches include:<\/p><ul><li>Load Balancing: Distributing traffic across multiple servers or proxy nodes to prevent overloads.<\/li><li>Session Persistence: Maintaining user sessions by directing requests to the same server.<\/li><li>Health Monitoring: Performing health checks on servers and routing traffic to healthy ones.<\/li><li>Basic Security: Filtering or blocking traffic based on port numbers.<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"What types of Layer 4 switches are there?","answer":"<p>There are two primary types of Layer 4 switches:<\/p><ol><li>Hardware-based: Offering high performance and scalability, optimized for heavy traffic loads.<\/li><li>Software-based: Cost-effective and flexible, easier to deploy, but with limited performance for high loads.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How are Layer 4 switches used with proxy servers?","answer":"<p>Layer 4 switches play a crucial role in optimizing the performance of proxy servers. They provide load balancing capabilities, ensuring even distribution of client requests among multiple proxy nodes. This helps maintain server availability, improve response times, and prevent overloads.<\/p>"},{"question":"What challenges can be encountered when using Layer 4 switches with proxy servers?","answer":"<p>Some challenges include server overloads and session persistence. To address these issues, proper configuration and cookie-based approaches can be employed.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future perspectives of Layer 4 switches?","answer":"<p>In the future, Layer 4 switches are expected to incorporate more advanced security features, adopt AI-driven load balancing algorithms, and offer full support for IPv6 to keep up with evolving technologies.<\/p>"},{"question":"Where can I find more information about Layer 4 switches and proxy servers?","answer":""}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477805\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}